بررسی اثر پرایمینگ با عصاره جلبک دریایی بر مولفههای جوانه زنی و صفات رشدی گیاهچه گشنیز (.Coriandrum sativum L) در زمانهای مختلف
الموضوعات :عالیه شفیع پور 1 , کامبیز مشایخی 2
1 - دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران
2 - گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: گیاه دارویی, جوانهزنی, عصاره جلبک دریایی, سرعتجوانه زنی,
ملخص المقالة :
گشنیز یکی از مهمترین گیاهان دارویی میباشد که هم بهصورت تازهخوری و هم خشک مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد و دارای خواص دارویی فراوان میباشد. یکی از منابع عظیم زیستی جلبکهای دریایی هستند که سرشار از مواد مورد نیاز برای رشد گیاه است، از این رو این آزمایش با هدف بررسی اثر پرایمینگ با عصاره جلبک دریایی بر مولفههای جوانهزنی و صفات رشدی گیاهچه گشنیز (.Coriandrum sativum L) در زمانهای مختلف انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در چهار تکرار، در آزمایشگاه گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی بیرجند در سال 1399 انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش عبارت بودند از زمان پرایمینگ در دو سطح (12 و 24 ساعت) و غلظت عصاره جلبک دریایی در 6 سطح بود، در این آزمایش ابتدا محلول عصاره جلبک دریایی در چهار غلظت 1،2،3،4 میلیلیتر بر لیتر استفاده شد، علاوه بر این در این آزمایش دو نوع تیمار شاهد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت، تیمار پرایم آب مقطر و تیمار بذر خشک یعنی بدون پرایم . بهطوری که با پرایمینگ بذرها با عصاره جلبک سرعت و درصد جوانهزنی به طور معنیداری افزایش پیدا کرد. به طور کلی بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش پرایمینگ بذر گشنیز با عصاره جلبک دریایی باعث بهبود ویژگیهای جوانهزنی و گیاهچه گشنیز میشود اما برای رسیدن به حداکثر جوانهزنی باید غلظت پرایمینگ و زمان مناسب آن رعایت شود، که بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش 12 ساعت پرایمینگ با 2 میلیلیتر عصاره جلبک دریایی بهترین تیمار میباشد.
Ahmed, Y.M. and Shalaby, E.A. 2012. Effect of different seaweed extracts and compost on vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of cucumber. Journal of Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants. 4(3): 235-240.
Ashraf, M. and Foolad, M.R. 2005. Pre‐sowing seed treatment—a shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under saline and non‐saline conditions. Advances in agronomy, 88: 223-271.
Ashraf, M. and Rauf, H. 2001. Inducing salt tolerate in maize (Zea mays L.) throght seed priming with chloride salts: growth and ion transport at early growth stages. Acta Physiol. Plant. 23: 407- 414.
Ashraf, M.Y., Khan, M.A. and Naqvi, S.S.M. 1991. Effect of salinity on seedling growth and solute accumulation in two wheat genotypes. Rachis, 10: 30- 31.
Basra, S.M.A., Ashraf, M., Iqbal, N., Khaliq, A. and Ahmad, R. 2004. Physiological and biochemical aspects of pre -sowing heat stress on cotton seed. Seed Science Tecnocal. 32: 765 -774.
Chen, S.Y., Chou, S.H., Tsai, C.C., Hsu, W.Y., Baskin, C.C., Baskin, J.M. and Kuo-Huang, L.L. 2015. Effects of moist cold stratification on germination, plant growth regulators, metabolites and embryo ultrastructure in seeds of Acer morrisonense (Sapindaceae). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 94: 165-173.
Craigie, J.S. 2011. Seaweed extract stimuliation in plant science and agriculture. – J. Appl. Phycol. 23: 371-393.
Demir Kaya, M., Okçu, G., Atak, M., Çikili, Y. and Kolsarici, O. 2006. Seed treatment to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Eur. J. Agronomy. 24: 291-295.
Eshraghi-Nejad, M., Bakhshandeh, A., Gharineh, M.H. and Soltani, A. 2015. Quantification of Barley Emergence to Temperature. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research. 3:1318-1321.
Farooq, M.S., Basra, M.A., Tabassum, R. and Afzal, I. 2006. Enhancing the performance of direct seeded fine rice by seed priming. Plant. Prod. Sci. 4: 446-456.
Fujikura, Y., Kraak, H.L., Basra, A.S. and Karssen, C.M. 1993. Hydropriming, a simple and inexpensive priming method. Seed Sci and Technol. 21: 693-642.
Gandhimaniyan, K., Jeyachandran, S., Manoharan, C. and Vijayakumar, S. 2010. Studies on effect of Gracilaria verrucosa extract as liquid fertilizer on Sesamum indicum L. Seaweed Research and Utilization. 32 (1 and 2): 63-68.
Geshnizjani, N., Ghaderi-Far, F., Willems, L.A., Hilhorst, H.W. and Ligterink, W. 2018. Characterization of and genetic variation for tomato seed thermo-inhibition and thermodormancy. BMC Plant Biology. 18, 229.
Gupta, A.B. 2016. Algal flora and its importance in the economy of rice fields. Hydrobiologia. 28(2): 213-222.
Gupta, S. 2010. Moisture, dry weight and lipid composition as influenced by capsule position in developing seeds of sesame (sesamum indicum L.). Journal of Oil Seeds Research 7: 10-15.
Haider, M.W., Ayyub, C.M., Pervez, M.A., Asad, H.U., Manan, A., Raza, S.A. and Ashraf, I. 2012. Impact of foliar application of seaweed extract on growth, yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Soil and Environment. 31(2): 157-162.
Halmer, P. 2000. Commercial seed treatment technology. In: Black, M. and Bewley, J. D (Eds.) Seed technology and its biological basis. – Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, p257-286.
Hernandez-Herrera, R.M., Santacruz-Ruvalcaba, F., Ruiz-Lopez, A., Norrie, J. and Hernandez-Carmona, G. 2013. Effect of liquid sewweed extracts on growth of tomato seedlings (Lycopersicum sculentum L.). Journal of Applied Phycology. 26(1): 619-628.
Isvand, H., Ahmadi, A., Akbar Shah Nejat Bushehri, A., Postini, K.V., Jahansuz, M.R. 2005. The effect of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer application schedule on nitrogen remobilization, bakery quality and strip pattern of wheat grain storage proteins. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. Volume 36, Number 6:1497-1489.
Judy, M., Ahmadi, A., Postini, K., Sharifzadeh, F. 2006. The effect of leaf removal on photosynthetic activity of flag leaf and grain growth in bread wheat. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1: (3).
Karthick, N., Selvakumars, S. and Umamaheswari, S. 2013. Effect of three different seaweed liquid fertilizers and a chemical liquid fertilizer on the growth and histopathological parameters of Eudrilus eugeniae (Haplotaxida: Eudrilidae Global). Journal of Bio-Science and Biotechnology. 2(2): 253-259.
Koyro, H.W. 2006. Effect of salinity on growth, photosynthesis, water relations and solute composition of potential cash crop halophyte (Plantago coronopus L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany. 56: 136-149.
Kumar, G. and Sahoo, D. 2011. Effect of seaweed liquid extract on growth and yield of Triticum aestivum var. pusa gold. Journal of Applied Phycology. 23(2): 251-255.
Kumar, G. and Sahoo, D. 2011. Effect of seaweed liquid extract on growth and yield of Triticum aestivum var. Pusa Gold. – J. Appl. Phyco. 23: 251-255.
Mahadik, B.B. and Jadhav, M.J. 2015. Effect of extracts of green algea Spirogyra jugalis Küetzing on seed germination of tomato. Global Journal of Research Analysis. 4(1): 227-8160.
McDonald, M.B. 1999. Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Sci. Technol. 27:177-237.
Murungu, F.S., Nyamugafata, P., Chiduza, C., Clark, L.J. and Whalley, W.R. 2003. Effects of seed priming aggregate size and soil matric potential on emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). Soil and Till. Res. 74: 161- 168.
Pickering, T. 2006. Advances in seaweed aquaculture among Pacific Island countries. Journal of Applied Phycology. 18(3-5): 227-234.
Popescu, G.C. and Popescu, M. 2014. Effect of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum as biofertilizer on vegetative growth in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Cur. Trends Nat. Sci., 3(6): 61-67.
Raja, K. and Geetha, R. 2015. Effect of algal and herbal application on seed yield in blackgram (Vigna mungo L.). Seaweed Research. Utiln. 37(1): 33-36.
Rao, G.M.N. and Chatterjee, R. 2014. Effect of seaweed liquid fertilizer from Gracilaria textorri and Hypnea musciformis on seed germination and productivity of some vegetable crops. Universal Journal of Plant Science. 2(7): 115-120.
Rayorath, P., Khan, W., Palanisamy, R., Mackinon, S.L., Stefanova, R., Hankins, S.D., Critchley, A.T. and Prithiviraj, B. 2008. Extracts of the brown seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) in duce gibberellic acid (GA3) in dependent amylase activity in barley. Journal of Plant Growth Regulator. 27: 370-379.
Sheteawi, S.A. and Tawfik, K.M. 2017. Interaction effect of some biofertilizers and irrigation water regime on mungbeen (Vigna radiata) growth and yield. Journal of Applied Sciences Research. 3(3): 251-262.
Shokouhi Far, Y. 2016. Application of algae in agriculture. Second International Conference on Sustainable Development, Solutions and Challenges Focusing on Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Tourism, Iran (Tabriz), 2325 Feb: 3-4.
Soltani, E., Ghaderi-Far, F., Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M. 2016. Problems with using mean germination time to calculate rate of seed germination. Australian Journal of Botany. 63: 631-635.
Sridhar, S. and Rengasamy, R. 2011. Effect of seaweed liquid fertilizer on growth, pigment concentration and yield of Amaranthus rosburghinus and Amaranthus tricolor under field trial. Journal of Current Research 3: 131-134.
Sunarpi, A., Kurnianingsih, R., Julisaniah, N.I. and Nikmatullah, A. 2010. Effect of seaweed extracts on growth and yield of rice plants. Nusantara Bioscience. 2(2): 73-77.
Thirumaran, G., Arumugam, M., Arumugam, R. and Anantharaman, P. 2009. Effect of seaweed liquid fertilizer on growth and pigment concentration of Abelmoschus esculentus medikus. American-Eurasian Journal of Agronomy 2: 57-66.
Zhang, X.E. and Ervin, H. 2008. Impact of seaweed extract based cytokinins and zeatin-riboside on creeping bentgrass heat tolerance. Crop Sci. 48: 364-370.
Zhang, X.Z. and Ervin, E.H. 2004. Cytokinin containing seaweed and humic acid extracts associated with creeping bentgrass leaf cytokinins and drought resistance. Crop Sci. 44: 1737-1745.
Zodape, S.T., Gupta, A., Bhandari, S.C., Rawat, U.S., Chaudhary, D.R. and Eswaran, K. 2011. Foliar application of seaweed sap as biostimulant for enhancement of yieldand quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). NISCAIR-CSIR, India. pp: 215-219.