بررسی غلظت‌های روی، سرب، کادمیوم و مس در گندم و نان مصرفی در شهر همدان

الموضوعات :

سامان کیان‌پور ¹ (دانش‌‌ آموخته کارشناسی ارشد محیط‌‌زیست، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران)
سهیل سبحان اردکانی ² (دانشیار گروه محیط‌زیست، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران)

تاريخ الإرسال : 29 الأربعاء , محرم, 1437 تاريخ التأكيد : 25 السبت , ذو الحجة, 1438 تاريخ الإصدار : 04 الجمعة , ربيع الثاني, 1439

الکلمات المفتاحية: گندم, همدان, فلزات سنگین, نان,

ملخص المقالة :

با گسترش آلاینده ‌‌های محیطی و به ‌‌تبع آن ورود آن‌‌ها به زنجیر غذایی، بررسی در مورد انواع آلودگی و بهداشت مواد غذایی حائز اهمیت است. لذا، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی محتوی عناصر روی، سرب، کادمیوم و مس در محصول گندم و نان مصرفی شهر همدان در سال 1393 انجام یافت. بدین منظور 4 مزرعه کشت گندم و 4 نانوایی پخت انواع نان لواش، بربری، سنگک و فرانسوی انتخاب و نمونه‌‌ برداری از آن‌ ‌ها مطابق روش استاندارد انجام شد. پس از انجام مراحل آماده‌‌سازی نمونه‌‌‌ها به‌روش هضم اسیدی، غلظت عناصر در آن‌ها توسط دستگاه نشر اتمی (ICP) در 3 تکرار خوانده شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین غلظت عناصر روی، سرب، کادمیوم و مس در نمونه‌های نان بر حسب میلی‌‌گرم در کیلوگرم برابر با 48/2 ± 47/5، 04/0 ± 06/0، 36/0 ± 92/0 و 14/0 ± 57/1 و در نمونه‌ ‌های گندم بر حسب میلی‌‌گرم در کیلوگرم برابر با 34/1 ± 93/4، 16/0 ± 17/0، 55/0 ± 92/0 و 31/0 ± 02/1 بود. از طرفی نتایج بیان‌‌ گر آن بود که میانگین غلظت عناصر روی، سرب و مس کم‌ ‌تر و میانگین غلظت عنصر کادمیوم بیش‌‌ تر از حد مجاز WHO است. از این‌‌‌رو، آلودگی محصول گندم و نان مصرفی شهر همدان به‌‌دلایلی همچون استفاده طولانی‌‌مدت و بی‌‌ رویه از نهاده‌ ‌های کشاورزی به‌ ‌ویژه کودهای فسفاته و فاضلاب شهری برای آبیاری، استقرار مزارع در مجاوت صنایع و جاده‌های مواصلاتی می‌‌ تواند تبعات بهداشتی غیرقابل جبرانی برای مصرف‌‌ کنندگان به‌دنبال داشته باشد.

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