نقش کاربرد براسینواسترویید بر تحمل به تنش کم آبی سرخارگل (.Echinacea purpurea L)

الموضوعات : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

مطلب حسین پور ¹ (دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی)
علی عبادی ² (استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
اسماعیل نبی زاده ³ (استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران)
حسن حبیبی ⁴ (استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران)
سدابه جهانبخش گده کهریز ⁵ (دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)

تاريخ الإرسال : 04 السبت , ربيع الأول, 1438 تاريخ التأكيد : 21 الأحد , ذو القعدة, 1438 تاريخ الإصدار : 15 السبت , ربيع الثاني, 1440

الکلمات المفتاحية: رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی, عملکرد اسانس, عملکرد اقتصادی, کارتنوئیدها,

ملخص المقالة :

خشکی می تواند اثر شدیدی بر رشد گیاهان داشته باشد. به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد براسینواسترویید در تحمل به تنش کم آبی سرخارگل آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت های دو بار خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و در شهرستان مهاباد اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل رژیم آبیاری به عنوان فاکتور اصلی در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از 70، 120 و 170 میلی متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A)، کاربرد سورفکتانت (در دو سطح بدون و با غلظت نیم لیتر در هکتار) به عنوان فاکتور فرعی و محلول پاشی 24-اپی براسینواسترویید (در سه سطح شاهد (صفر)، 8-10 و 7-10 مولار) به عنوان فاکتور فرعی فرعی بودند. در این پژوهش صفات رنگدانه های فتوسنتزی (کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل)، رنگدانه های کمکی (کارتنوئیدها، آنتوسیانین ها، فلانوئیدها و ترکیبات فنلی)، شاخص سبزینگی، هدایت روزنه ای، میزان مالون دی آلدهید، عملکرد اقتصادی (عملکرد ساقه، برگ و گل)، درصد اسانس و عملکرد اسانس اندازه گیری شدند. براسینواسترویید موجب کاهش اثرات مخرب تنش بر میزان کلروفیل a شد. تنش آبی میزان کلروفیل a را 28 درصد کاهش داد. با کاربرد براسینواسترویید (7-10 مولار) میزان تغییرات کلروفیل 35 درصد افزایش داشت. تنش آبی شاخص سبزینگی را 25 درصد کاهش داد. با کاربرد براسینواسترویید (7-10 مولار) شاخص سبزینگی 8 درصد افزایش یافت. کاربرد براسینواسترویید (7-10 مولار) موجب افزایش میزان کارتنوئیدها، آنتوسیانین ها و فلانوئیدها به ترتیب 17، 59 و 50 درصد شد. استفاده از غلظت 7-10 مولار براسینواسترویید در شرایط تنش باعث افزایش 13 درصدی در هدایت روزنه‌ای در مقایسه با عدم استفاده از آن گردید. نتایج رگرسیونی پیش بینی عملکرد نشان داد، هدایت روزنه ای، میزان مالون دی آلدهید و میزان کلروفیل a نقش مهمی در پیش بینی عملکرد دارند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که تنش کم‌آبی سهم تعیین‌کننده‌ای بر کاهش فاکتورهای اساسی در رشد سرخارگل دارد؛ اما کاربرد براسینواسترویید و محلول سورفکتانت تحمل به تنش کم‌آبی را در این گیاه دارویی افزایش داد.

المصادر:

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· Ahmadi Mosavi, E., KH. Kalantari, and M. Torkzade. 2005. Effects of 24-epibrassinolide on lipid peroxidation, prolin, sugar and photosynthesis pigments content of canola (Brassica napus L.) under water stress. Physiology. 18: 295-306. (In Persian).
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