Evaluation of self-purification potential of Karun River in reducing antibiotic contamination(Case study: two hospitals, Imam Khomeini and Sina)
الموضوعات :بیتا باهری 1 , ابراهیم رجب زاده قطر می 2
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الکلمات المفتاحية: آنتی بیوتیک, ماندگاری, Antibiotics, Hospital wastewater, self-purification, Removal percentage, فاضلاب بیمارستان, درصد حذف,
ملخص المقالة :
Background & Purpose: Karun River is the longest and probes most river of Iran, exposed to a variety of wastewaters, including drug pollutants, which have adverse effects on animals and humans. The aim of this study was to calculate the amount of antibiotic entry in the river Volume unit and also to evaluate the power of Karun River in reducing the antibiotic contamination of entrance wastewater from two Imam Khomeini and Sina hospitals at intervals of 1, 2 and 3 kilometers from hospitals 'outlet in summer and winter 2019. Materials & Methods: Sampling was done in dark bottles of a grinding door, the concentration of 5 antibiotics (penicillin J, Ceftriaxone, Cefixime, erythromycin and amoxicillin) were high and common and determination of the mean of each was measured using HPLC. Results: The total average of 5 antibiotics in the output of Imam Khomeini and Sina Hospital was between 27.80-68.0 ng/L in summer and 49/84-3/6 ng/L winter. In the summer and winter of the outlet station, both hospitals had the highest concentration of antibiotics and, with the distance from the hospital outlet and at a distance of 2 kilometers, the concentration of each 5 antibiotics (summer 93.0-0 and winter 13/1-0 ng/L) decreased significantly (P<0.05) and 3 kilometers of antibiotics were not measurable. Amoxicillin and Penicillin-J were the highest and lowest concentrations of antibiotic in Karun river water, 1 and 2 kilometers, respectively. In both hospitals, the removal of antibiotics in two seasons of summer and winter, except for penicillin-J, in other antibiotics, there was no significant difference (P ≤ 0.05). Percentages removal of antibiotics increased by increasing the distance from the discharge site and at 2 km distance of antibiotics such as cefixime, penicillin G and ceftriaxone% of removal to 100% was also reached. In the summer and winter of the hospital, the lowest penicillin-J was found in the output of Imam Khomeini and Sina hospitals, and at intervals of 1 and 2 kilometers in Karun River. Conclusion: Comparison of the amounts of antibiotics in Karun River and PNEC and Lowest MIC standards showed that the values of all antibiotics were higher than the standards considered.
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