ارزیابی محتوای کتاب کار و فناوری پایة نهم از نظر میزان توجه به مفاهیم کارآفرینی
الموضوعات : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
رضا جعفری هرندی
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دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران.
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الکلمات المفتاحية: کتاب کار و فناوری پایة نهم, مفاهیم کارآفرینی, آنتروپی شانون, تحلیل محتوای کمی,
ملخص المقالة :
این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی محتوای کتاب کار و فناوری پایة نهم از نظر میزان توجه به مفاهیم کارآفرینی به روش توصیفی از نوع تحلیل محتوای کمی انجام شد. جامعة پژوهشی، کتاب کار و فناوری پایة نهم در سال 1397 است که با توجه به ماهیت و منطق پژوهش کل متن کتاب به‌عنوان نمونه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ابزار اندازه‌گیری، سیاهة تحلیل محتوای محقق ساخته بوده است، مشتمل بر 7 مفهوم و 41 شاخص که روایی آن با استفاده از داوری تخصصی (روایی صوری و محتوایی) تعیین و پایایی آن با استفاده از روش اسکات 97/0 محاسبه شد. نتایج پژوهش با استفاده از آمار توصیفی در فرایند تحلیلی آنتروپی شانون مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش، کتاب درسی کار و فناوری پایة نهم 270 مرتبه به مفاهیم کارآفرینی، توجه کرده که توزیع ضریب اهمیت آن در مفاهیم ریسک‌پذیری، توفیق‌طلبی، مسئولیت‌پذیری، خلاقیت، تحمل ابهام، کنترل درونی و آینده‌نگری به ترتیب 123/0، 149/0، 160/0، 161/0، 093/0، 164/0، 150/0 فراوانی بوده است. همچنین ضریب اهمیت در بین پودمان‌های الگوریتم، ترسیم با رایانه، سازوکارهای حرکتی، بازی‌های رایانه‌ای، برق، تأسیسات مکانیکی، عمران، خودرو، پایش رشد و تکامل کودک، صنایع‌دستی و هدایت تحصیلی حرفه‌ای به ترتیب 103/0، 081/0، 100/0، 101/0، 100/0، 089/0، 097/0، 070/0، 091/0، 100/0، 066/0 به دست آمد. نتیجه‌گیری کلی، آن شد که توزیع ضریب اهمیت در مفاهیم و نیز پودمان‌ها نامتوازن بوده و آموزش و ترویج مفاهیم کارآفرینی چنان چه باید جامعیت ندارد.
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