کاوش عناصر برنامه درسی تربیت شهروند جهانی در دوره ابتدایی نظام آموزشی ایران: یک مطالعة کیفی
الموضوعات : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
عباس پورسلیم
1
,
محبوبه عارفی
2
,
کورش فتحی واجارگاه
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشیار برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
3 - استاد برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: تربیت شهروند جهانی, جهانی‌شدن, برنامه درسی, مقطع تحصیلی ابتدایی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی عناصر اصلی برنامه درسی تربیت شهروند جهانی در دوره ابتدایی نظام آموزشی ایران است. روش پژوهش در این مطالعه، روش کیفی و از نوع پدیدارشناسی است. جامعة آماری این پژوهش شامل معلمان، متخصصان و اساتید صاحب‌نظر در زمینة شهروندی جهانی بودند که به‌صورت هدفمند و از روش گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. انتخاب افراد نمونه تا اشباع نظری داده‌ها ادامه پیدا کرد. درمجموع با 34 نفر که شامل 18 معلم و 16 متخصص و عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه بودند، مصاحبه به عمل آمد. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌های حاصل از مصاحبه از روش کیفی گرانهیم و لوندمن استفاده شد. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختارمند در طی مراحل کدگذاری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت که در قالب 9 مقوله کلی شامل: ضرورت و نیاز؛ اهداف؛ محتوا؛ روش‌های یاددهی-یادگیری؛ نقش معلم؛ ارزشیابی؛ مواد و منابع؛ فضا و زمان ارائه شده‌اند. همچنین برای تأمین روایی و پایایی از روش لینکلن و گوبا با استفاده از چهار معیار موثق بودن و اعتبار، انتقال‌پذیری، اطمینان‌پذیری و تأییدپذیری جهت ارزیابی، استفاده شد. در پایان نیز کاربرد روش فبک در تربیت شهروند جهانی بررسی و نهایتاً پیشنهاداتی در راستای توسعه برنامه ارائه شده است.
Akker, J. V. D; Fasoglio, D; & Mulder, H. (2010). A curriculum perspective on plurilingual education.SLO, Netherlands institute for curriculum development, Published by the Council of Europe. Available online at: www.coe.int/lang
Atashak, Mohammad; Nowrooz Zadeh, Reza; Gahremani, Mohammad; Abolghassemi, Mahmoud& Farasat Khah, Maghsood (2013). The Study of the Consequences and Mechanisms of Globalization on Higher Education Curriculum. Research in Curriculum Planning, 10 (11): 37-45, [Persian].
Bae, J. H. (2016). A Case Study on the Creative Integration of Global Citizenship Education for Young Children into the Nuri Curriculum through Intercultural Exchange. International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications, 10(2): 279-288. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijseia.2016.10.2.23
Balibar, E. (2004). We, the People of Europe? Reflections on Transnational Citizenship. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Banks, J. A. (2001). Citizenship Education and Diversity: Implications for Teacher Education. Journal of Teacher Education, 52(1): 5-16. doi:10.1177/0022487101052001002
Bennett, L. B; Aguayo, R. S; & Field, Sh. L. (2016). At Home in the World: Supporting Children in Human Rights, Global Citizenship, and Digital Citizenship. Childhood Education, 92(3): 189-199. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00094056.2016.1180892
Brosnan, M. (2007). Round square and the evolution of global education. Independent School, 66(3): 129-131. Available online at: http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/hww/jumpstart.jhtml.
Chamorro, B; moutafy, M; & Farenham, A. (2005). Psychological characteristics of academically gifted and regular students. American council on university of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Dill, J. S. (2011). Schooling Global Citizens: The Moral Pedagogy of Twenty-first Century Education. A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Available online at: http://search.proquest.com/index
Fundamental Reform Document of Education (FRDE) in the Islamic Republic of Iran (The document primarily approved in the Holy city of Mashhad) (2011). Available online at: http://sce.ir/Portal/Home/Default.aspx [Persian].
Galipeau-Konate, B. (2014). An investigation of the long-term impacts of a short-term education abroad program on global citizenship outcomes. B.S. Northwestern College, M.B.A. Shenandoah University, Doctor of Professional Studies.
Ghaedi, Y. (2004). Teaching philosophy to children, investigate the theoretical foundations. Tehran: Davavin. [Persian]
Gleeson, G. (2012). Connecting the Disconnects: Human Rights and Global Citizenship. Undergraduate Journal of Global Citizenship, 1(2): 1-21. Available online at: http://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/jogc/vol1/iss2/4
Golding, C. (2009). ‘That’s a better idea!’ Philosophical progress and philosophy in schools. Childhood and Philosophy, 5(10): 223-269. Available online at: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/35757
Golestani, Ch. (2006). Teaching for Social Justice and Global Citizenship. A dissertation for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy in Education. University of California, Los Angeles. Available online at: http://search.proquest.com/index
Goren, H; Yemini, M. (2015). Global citizenship education in context: teacher perceptions at an international school and a local Israeli school. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 46(5): 832-853. Available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03057925.2015.1111752
Graneheim, U. H; & Lundman, B. (2004). Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse education today, 24(2): 105-112. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2003.10.001
Haigh, M. (2016). Fostering Global Citizenship – tree planting as a connective practice. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 40(4): 509-530. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2016.1150438
Gamalzade tazekand, M; Talebzade nobariyan, M; Abolghasemi, M. (2013). Analysis of position of citizenship education components in content of social sciences curriculum at high school grade. Research in curriculum planning, 2(10): 1-19. [Persian]
Harty, S; Murphy, M. (2005). In defence of multinational citizenship. Cardiff, UK: University of Wales Press.
Heater, D. B. (2004). Citizenship: The civic ideal in world history, politics and education (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Palgrave.
Hedayati, M; Ghaedi, Y; Shafi Abadi, A; & Yonesi, Gh. (2010). Study of Implementation Effect of "Philosophy for Children" Program as Community of Inquiry on Improvement of Interpersonal Relationship in Primary School's Student in Tehran. Thinking & Child, 1(1): 125-145. [Persian]
Jett, T. D. (2013). Teacher Perceptions of Global Citizenship Education in a Southern Elementary Public School: Implications for Curriculum and Pedagogy. A dissertation for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy in Education, University of South Carolina. Available online at: http://search.proquest.com/index
Kymlicka, W. (1995). Multicultural citizenship: A liberal theory of minority rights. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Lincoln, Y. S; Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Mahlstedt, A. (2003). Global citizenship education in practice: an exploration of teachers in the United World Colleges (International Comparative Education Monograph). Stanford University, School of Education, California.
Manouchehri, A. (2007). Comparing the content of primary school textbooks with global citizen feature in the year of 2007-2008. Master's thesis, University of Alzahra. [Persian]
Maringe, F. (2010). The meanings of globalization and internationalization in HE: Findings from a world survey. In F. Maringe & N. Foskett (Eds.), Globalization and internationalization in higher education: Theoretical, strategic and management perspectives (pp. 17-34). London: Continuum International Publishing.
Massey, K. D. (2013). An Investigation of Global Citizenship Education in one Geography Course: The Students’ Perspective. A thesis for the degree of Master of Education. Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Available online at: http://search.proquest.com/index
Mirzaiy, H. (2010). Study of characteristics of global citizenship in primary school's social studies curriculum. Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht.
Mohamadjani, F; Sadatmand, Z; & Keshtiaray, N. (2013). Content analysis of the Educational books at the elementary school based on Globalization educational factors. Research in School and virtual learning, 1(2): 52-66. [Persian]
Morrissey, G; Higgs, J. (2006). Phenomenological research and adolescent female sexuality Nova. The Qualitative Report, 11(1): 161-181. Available online at: http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR11-1/morrissey.pdf
Munck, R. (2010). Civic engagement and global citizenship in a university context: Core business or desirable add-on? Arts and Humanities in Higher Education: An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice, 9(1): 31-41. doi:10.1177/1474-022209350102
Naji, S; Khatibi, S. (2010). Teaching Thinking to Children: a way toward world peace.. Thinking & Child, 1(2): 121-141. [Persian]
Osler, A; Starkey, H. (2003). Learning for cosmopolitan citizenship: Theoretical debates and young people's experiences. Educational Review, 55(3): 243-254. doi:10.1080/0013191032000118901
Owen, D. (2011). Transnational citizenship and the democratic state: modes of membership and voting rights. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 14(5): 641-663. doi:10.1080/13698230.2011.617123
Oxfam. (2015). Education for Global Citizenship: A guide for schools. Available online at: http://www.oxfam.org.uk/education/global-citizenship/global-citizenship-guides
Pashby, K. (2015). Conflations, possibilities, and foreclosures: Global citizenship education in a multicultural context. Curriculum Inquiry, 45(4): 345-366. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03626784.2015.1064304
Pugliese, G. D. (2015). Preparing students for citizenship in a global society: a case study. A Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Education. Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut.
Rezaiy, F. (2008). The analysis of the content of primary school textbooks based on the components of global education. Master's thesis, University of Mazandaran. [Persian]
Santos, M. A. (2004). Discovering New Paths for Global Citizenship Education in Brazil: Three Case Studies. A thesis for the degree of Master of Arts, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto. Available online at: http://search.proquest.com/index
Sassen, S. (2002). Towards post-national and denationalized citizenship. In E. F. Isin & B. S. Turner (Eds.), Handbook of citizenship studies (pp. 277-291). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc.
Sherman, P. (2016). Preparing social workers for global gaze: locating global citizenship within social work curricula. Social Work Education, 35(6): 632-642. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02615479.2016.1190328
Sim, J. B. Y; Chua, Sh; & Krishnasamy, M. (2017). Riding the citizenship wagon: Citizenship conceptions of social studies teachers in Singapore. Teaching and Teacher Education, 63: 92-102. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2016.12.002
Sklarwitz, SH. R. (2015). Perspective on global citizenship: Q methodology in the classroom. A Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Education. Boston University School of Education.
Smith, M. (2012). The Levels of Global Citizenship. Undergraduate Journal of Global Citizenship. 1(2): 1-9. Available online at: http://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/jogc/vol1/iss2/1
Smith, W. C; Fraser, P; Chykina, V; Ikoma, S; Levitan, J; Liu, J; & Mahfouz, J. (2016). Global citizenship and the importance of education in a globally integrated world. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 0(0): 1-18. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14767724.2016.1222896
Soysal, Y. (1994). Limits of citizenship: Migrants and post national membership in Europe. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Stein, Sh. (2015) Mapping Global Citizenship. Journal of College and Character, 16(4): 242-252. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2194587X.2015.1091361
Stoker, G; Mason, A; McGrew, A; Armstrong, C; Owen, D; Smith, G; & McGhee, D. (2011). Prospects for citizenship. New York, NY: Bloomsbury.
Symeonidis, V. (2015). Towards Global Citizenship Education: A comparative case study of primary school policy and practice between Greece and Sweden. Master Thesis. Institute of International Education, Stockholm University.
Tajali Nia, A. (2014). Investigate the Effect the Philosophy for Children Program (p4c) on Reducing Trait Anger in Teens. Journal of Educational and Management Studies, 4(2): 449-455. Available online at: http://www.science-line.com
Tambini, D. (2001). Post-national citizenship. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 24(2): 195-217. doi: 10.1080/01419870020023418
UNESCO. (2014). Global citizenship education: Preparing learners for the challenges of the 21st century. Published by the United Nations Educational. Available online at: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002277/227729E.pdf
_||_