Reliability and limitations of Impact-Echo Method for Thickness Measurement of Orthotropic Composite Plates
الموضوعات :M. Amiri 1 , M. Tabatabaee Ghomi 2 , Gh. Liaghat 3
1 - Center of Excellence in Precision Dimensional Measurement
Technology Development Institute (TDI), ACECR, Sharif University Branch
Tehran, Iran
2 - Center of Excellence in Precision Dimensional Measurement
Technology Development Institute (TDI), ACECR, Sharif University Branch
Tehran, Iran
3 - Mechanical Engineering Department
Tarbiat Modares University
Tehran, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: Impact-Echo, Composite plates, Non-destructive test (NDT), Measurement, Wave propagation,
ملخص المقالة :
In this paper, an Impact-Echo method has been used to numerically simulate low velocity impact of a steel ball on laminated composite plates in order to measure the plate's thickness. For the purpose of simulation, Ls-Dyna finite element code has been employed to express the behaviour of impact between steel ball and composite plates. Furthermore, a single node near the impact area has been chosen and its displacement was demonstrated during the impact time on a graph by the software. After that, displacement-time graph was transformed to amplitude-frequency domain graph by means of Fast Fourier Transform which was done by MATLAB software. The peak frequency was used to calculate the plate's thickness. The calculated thickness was verified by real plate thicknesses and this comparison shows an acceptable agreement between simulation and experimental results.
[1] ASTM D 4580-86. Standard practice for measuring delaminations in concrete bridge decks by sounding, Annual book of ASTM standards, Vol. 04. 03. Philadelphia: ASTM, 1987. pp. 749-51.
[2] Khalili, S. M. R., Eslami Farsani, R., and Daghigh, V., “Aging Influence on Charpy Impact Behaviour of Basalt Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites”, Int J of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2013, pp. 81-85.
[3] Ferna´ndez-Cantelia, A., Argu¨ellesa, A., Vina, J., Ramulub, M., and Kobayashib, A. S., “Dynamic Fracture Toughness Measurements in Composites by Instrumented Charpy Testing: Influence of Aging”, Composite Science & Technology, Vol. 62, 2002, pp. 1315-1325.
[4] Khalili, S. M. R., Daghigh, V., and Eslami Farsani, R., “Mechanical Behavior of Basalt Reinforced and Basalt Fiber Metal Laminate Composites Under Tensile and Bending Loads”, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 30, 2011, pp.647-659.
[5] Khazraiyan, N., Dashtian Gerami, N., Damircheli, M., “Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Structure Interaction and its Application in Impact of Low Velocity Projectiles with Water Surface”, Int J of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2015, pp. 81-90.
[6] Fairlie-Clarke, A. C., Tveitnes, T., “Momentum and Gravity Effects During the Constant Velocity Water Entry of Wedge-Shaped Sections”, Ocean Engineering, Vol. 37, No. 5, 2008, pp. 706-716.
[7] Habibalahi, A., Safizadeh, M. S., “Application of Pulsed Eddy Current Technique in Stress and Residual Stress Measurement”, Int. J of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2014, pp. 67-74.
[8] Blodgett, M. P., Nagy, P. B., “Eddy Current Assessment of Near-Surface Residual Stress in Shot Peened Nickel Base Superalloys”, Journal of nondestructive evaluation, Vol. 23, 2004, pp. 107-123.
[9] Wilson, J. W., Tian, G. Y., and Barrans, S., “Residual Magnetic Field Sensing for Stress Measurement”, Sensors and actuators A, Vol. 135, 2007, pp. 381-387.
[10] Hughes, D. S., Kelly, J. L., “Second Order Elastic Deformation of Solids”, Physical review, Vol. 92, 1953, pp. 1145-1149.
[11] Langman, R. A., Mutton, P. J., “Estimation of Residual Stresses in Railway Wheels by Means of Stress Induced Magnetic Anisotropy”, NDT & E International, Vol. 26, 1993, pp. 195-205.
[12] Wang, P., Zhu, L., Zhu, J., Ji, L., Wang, T., Tian, G., and Yao, E., “An Application of Back Propagation Neural Network for the Steel Stress Detection Based on Barkhausen Noise Theory”, NDT & E International, Vol. 55, 2013, pp. 9-14.
