تعیین محتوای غذایی و بررسی فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی و ضد سرطانی عصاره مالت استخراج شده از دانه کینوا: مطالعه مقایسهای بین روش فراصوت و بن ماری
کاظم روشنی
1
(
Kazem Roshani - Bachelor of Science M.Sc Student of Food Science and Technology، Quality Control and Hygiene، Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch
)
مژگان امتیازجو
2
(
گروه بیولوژی دریا، دانشکده علوم و فون دریایی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال
)
محمد ربانی
3
(
)
محمد جواد شکوری
4
(
صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال
)
سارا موحد
5
(
گروه علوم وصنایع غذایی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ورامین، ایران.
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: کینوا, مالت, روش اولتراسونیک, روش بن ماری, خاصیت ضد سرطان,
ملخص المقالة :
در این تحقیق، عصاره مالت بذر کینوا با استفاده از ترکیبی از روشهای اولتراسونیک و بین ماری به دست آمد. زمان اولتراسونیک (۵۰-5 دقیقه) و زمان بن ماری (۱۸۰-۲0 دقیقه) بر اساس حداکثر درصد آنتی اکسیدان بهینه شد. دمای بن ماری بین 40 تا 45 درجه سانتیگراد در نظر گرفته شد. تأثیر پارامترهای مختلف از جمله نسبت حلال‌ها، دمای بن ماری و دمای استخراج با زمان‌های اولتراسونیک و بن‌ماری انتخابی بر روی خواص عصاره مالت در نظر گرفته شد. حداکثر مقدار فعالیت مهار رادیکال آنتی اکسیدان به ترتیب به زمان 5 دقیقه (7/47 درصد) و 120 دقیقه (4/40 درصد) برای روش اولتراسونیک و بن ماری اختصاص یافت. عصاره مالت کینوا فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی خوبی با مقدار کمتر IC50 معادل ۱۱/۱۹ میلی‌گرم بر میلی لیتر نشان داد. محتوای فنل کل و محتوای فلاونوئید کل به ترتیب از 35/534 تا 49/2793 میلی‌گرم معادل اسید گالیک بر ۱۰۰ گرم و 12/0 تا 22/3 میلی‌گرم کوئرستین بر ۱۰۰ گرم بود. محتوای پروتئین بالا (۳۷/۲ درصد) با اتانول: آب (۲۵:۷۵ درصد)، زمان اولتراسونیک 15 دقیقه، زمان بن ماری 120 دقیقه، دمای بن ماری 4۵-4۰ درجه سانتیگراد و دمای استخراج 25 درجه سانتیگراد به دست آمد. میزان ویتامین B6 (پیریدوکسین) و ویتامین B9 (اسید فولیک) به ترتیب در محدوده ۸/۰ تا ۷۶/۲ میلی‌گرم بر 100 گرم و ۳۴/۲ تا ۵۹/۲ میلی‌گرم بر 100 گرم بود. بیشترین میزان مواد معدنی حاوی کلسیم، منیزیم، فسفر و آهن در عصاره مالت به ترتیب 46/49، 89/74، 75/115 و 49/5 میلی‌گرم بر 100 گرم بود. بهترین اثر ضد سرطانی بر روی ردههای سلولی HT29 با زنده ماندن سلولی 31/98 درصد و سپس 42/94 درصد با غلظت 25/31 میکروگرم بر میلیلیتر عصاره مالت کینوا مشاهده شد. این عصاره مالت به عنوان منبعی از غذاهای کاربردی میتواند نقش مهمی در پیشگیری از سرطان داشته باشد.
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