Effect of Spirulina platensis on the immunological and hematological factors in comparison with levamisole in Persian shepherd dogs
الموضوعات : مجله گیاهان داروییسام ترکان 1 , محمد جواد عکاشه 2
1 - گروه علوم بالینی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران;
2 - گروه علوم بالینی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران;
الکلمات المفتاحية: Apoptosis, Colorectal cancer, Essential oil, Zizyphus jujuba seeds, p53, APC, KRAS,
ملخص المقالة :
Background & Aim: Spirulina microalgae is known to has beneficial effects in the treatment of many animals diseases. Effects of Spirulina platensis microalgae, singly or in comparison with levamisole drug are not still studied in dogs. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of this microalgae on hematological and immunological parameters in dogs.Experimental: In this research, 24 native breed dogs were used for 30 days. The dogs were divided into three groups of eight randomly, including a control group, treatment group (received 2 g Spirulina orally) and the third group received 5 mg/kg Levamisole. At the end of mentioned period, hematocrit percent, Hb, RBC, WBC, Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Eosinophil, monocyte, basophil levels and immunological factors including IgM, total protein and phagocytic precent were measured.Results: Hematocrit in levamisole receiving group increased significantly (P<0.05). Results showed that RBC and Hb levels in Spirulina receiving group were significantly higher than the control and levamisole groups. Alb and Neutrophil levels in Spirulina receiving group were lower than the other two groups. In addition, Eosinophil and WBC levels in control group were significantly lower than the other two groups, but monocyte and Lymphocyte levels in control group increased significantly (P<0.001). Also, on the 30th day, total protein and phagocytic percent in Spirulina receiving group were significantly higher than others groups. In addition, in Spirulina and levamisole groups a significant increase in IgM level was observed (P<0.001).Recommended applications/industries: It can be concluded that the use of Spirulina in dogs for a short time could improve hematological and immunological factors and the effects of Spirulina alga in the most factors is comparable to levamisole drug.
Abdel-Tawwab, M., M.H. Ahmad, Y.M. Abdel-Hadi, and M.E.A. Seden. 2008. Use of Spirulina (Arthrospir platensis) as a growth and immunity promoter for nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) fry challenged with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila. 8th International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture. pp. 1015- 1032.
Cohen, Z. 1997. The Chemicals of Spirulina. In: Vonshak, A. (Eds.), Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira): Physiology, Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Taylor and Francis, London, pp.175-204.
Dasgupta, T., S., Banejee, P.K. Yadav, and A.R. Rao. 2001. Chemomodulation of carcinogen metabolizing enzymes, antioxidant profiles and skin and forestomach papillomagenesis by Spirulina platensis. Molecular Cell Biochemical Journal, 226(1-2): 27-38.
Deng, R. and T.J. Chow. 2010. Hypolipidemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of microalgae Spirulina, Cardiovasc. Therapeut, 28: 33-45.
Goksan, T., A. Zekeriyyaouglu, and A.K. Ilknur. 2007. The Growth of Spirulina platensis in different culture systems under greenhouse condition. Turkish Journal of Biology, 31: 47-52.
Henrikson, R. 1989. Earth food Spirulina. California/USA, Ronore Enterprises. Pp. 180.
Kim, S.S., S. Rahimnejad, K.W. Kim, and K.J. Lee. 2013. Partial Replacement of fish meal with Spirulina pacifica in Diets for parrot fish (Oplegnathus faciatus). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13: 197-204.
Krishan, G., Shukla, S.K., Kumar, R., Tiwari, R., Malik, Y.S. and Dhama, K. 2015. Immunomodulatory and protective effects of a polyherbal formulation (immon) against infectious anemia virus infection in broiler. International Journal of Pharmacology, 11: 470-476.
Krishnaveni, R., K. Palanivelu, and S. Velavan. 2013. Effects of probiotics and Spirulina platensis supplementation on hamato-immunological function of Catla. International Journal of Research Fish Aquaculture, 3: 176-11.
Kulshreshtha, A, A.J., Zachaia, U, Jarouliya, P, Bhadauriya, G.B., Prasad, P.S., Bisen. 2008. Spirulina in Health care management. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 9(5): 400-405.
Mani, U.V., U.M. Iyer, S.A. Dhruy, I.U. Mani, and K.S. Sharma. 2005. Therapeutic Utility Spirulina In: Gershwin ME. Belay A. (eds.) Spirulina Human Nutrition and Health. CRC Press. Boca Raton. pp. 71-100.
Mathew, B. R., Sankaranarayanan, P.P., Nair, C. Varghese, and T. Somanathan. 1995. Evaluation of chemoprevention of oral cancer with Spirulina fusiformis. Nuture Cancer, 2:197-202.
Moorhead, K. and Capelli, B. 2006. Spirulina Nature’s Superfood, Cyanotech corporation, Kailua-Kona, Hawa.
MosallaNejad, b.; R. Avizeh, M. Razi Jalali, and A. Jahanmardi. 2016. Comparative evaluation of the effect of garlic and atorvastatin on changes in lipid profiles in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 12(2): 94-102.
Pankaj, P.P., and M.C., Varma. 2013. Potential of Spirulinal platensis maintaining blood parameters in alloxan induced diabetic mice. International Journal of Pharmacology Sciences, 5:450-456.
Qureshi, M.A., J.D Garlich, and M.T. Kidd. 1996. Dietary Spirulina platensis enhances humoral and cell-mediated immune function in chickens. Immunopharmacological Immunotoxicology, 18: 465-476.
Ragap, H.M., R.H., Khalil, and H.H., Mutawie. 2012. Immunostimulant effects of dietary Spirulina platensis on tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Applied Pharmacology Science, 2: 26-31.
Sahan, A., O., Tasbozan, F., Aydin, S.Ozutok, and C. Erbas. 2015. Determination of some haematological and non-specific immune parameters in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L., 1758) fed with Spirulina platensis added diets. Journal of Aquaculture Enginering Fisheries Research, 1:133-139.
Salighezadeh, R., V., Yavari, S.M Mosavi, and M. Zakeri. 2014. Effects of Spirulina algae on some blood, immunity and biochemical factors Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 10(2): 40-48.
Shokri, H. A.R. Khosravi and M. Taghavi. 2014.Efficacy of Spirulina platensis on immune functions in cancer mice with systemic Candidiasis. Journal of Mycology Research, 1: 7-13.
Soltani, M., A.R. Khosravi, F. Asadi and H. Shokri. 2012. Evaluation of protective efficacy of Spirulina platensis in Balb/C mice with candidiasis. Journal of Medical Mycology, 22: 329-334.
Seyidoglua, N., N., Galipb, F. Budakc, and E. Uzabacid. 2017. The effects of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the distribution and cytokine production of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in rabbits. Austral Journal of Veterinary Science, 49: 185-190.
Shams; M., A. Haji- Aghababa;, S.M. Kardani–Esfahani, and N. Ghaed Amini. 2017. Industrial Production of Microalgae Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis in the central Iran. International Journal of Pure and Applied Bioscience, 5 (4): 31-36.
Watanuki, H.; K., Ota, A.C.M.A.R. Tassakka, T. Kato, and M. Sakai. 2006. Immunostimulant effects of dietary Spirulina platensis on carp, Cyprinus carpio. Aquaculture, 258: 157–163.
