رهیافتی پدیدارشناسانه به آموزش مجازی در نظام آموزش و پرورش: فرصت‌ها، چالش‌ها و راهکارها
الموضوعات :کامیار عظیمی 1 , یاسر گراوند 2 , حسن جعفری 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 - دکتری روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 - دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان
الکلمات المفتاحية: چالش‌ها, آموزش و پرورش, آموزش مجازی, فرصت‌ها,
ملخص المقالة :
آموزش مجازی اشاره به رویکردی برای آموزش و یادگیری دارد که از فنّاوری‌های اطلاعات و ارتباطات جهت برقراری ارتباط و همکاری در یک محیط آموزشی استفاده می‌کند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف شناسایی فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های آموزش مجازی انجام شد. طرح پژوهش کیفی و از نوع رویکرد پدیدارشناسی بود. شرکت‌کنندگان شامل 18 نفر از معلمان، مدیران و کارشناسان فنّاوری مشغول به کار در آموزش و پرورش استان لرستان بودند که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند در سال تحصیلی 1400-1399 انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته گردآوری و با استفاده از روش کلایزی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. صحت و دقت داده‌ها از طریق روش‌های همسوسازی، بازبینی توسط همکاران و اعتباریابی پاسخ‌دهنده به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که 10 مضمون اصلی و 26 مضمون فرعی شناسایی شدند. افزایش اثربخشی و کیفیت آموزش، انعطاف‌پذیری و گسترش فرصت‌های آموزش، بهبود تعامل و برقراری ارتباط و صرفه‌جویی اقتصادی به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین فرصت‌های آموزش مجازی طبقه‌بندی شدند. همچنین، کلیدی‌ترین مضمون‌های چالش‌های آموزش مجازی، دربرگیرنده مسائل مربوط به دانش‌آموزان، معلمان، ارائه محتوا و کیفیت آموزش، فرهنگ، زیرساخت و فنّاوری و تعامل اجتماعی بودند. به‌طور کلی، این مطالعه امکان درک عمیق فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های آموزش مجازی در نظام آموزش و پرورش ایران را فراهم می‌کند.
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