Journal of Water Science & Engineering: 5 (12)

Open Access Article

1 - Developing the Numerical method and MLP Model to simulation of flow over side weir
عباس پارسائی امیر حمزه حقی آبی شادی نجفیان

Side weir is a type of weirs that used extensively in a variety ofengineering projects such as river engineering, dam,waste water , Irrigation and drainage network. So the study on the flow characteristics on the type weir, is one of the mostimportant topics in hydrauli More

Side weir is a type of weirs that used extensively in a variety ofengineering projects such as river engineering, dam,waste water , Irrigation and drainage network. So the study on the flow characteristics on the type weir, is one of the mostimportant topics in hydraulic engineering. The spatially varied flow (S.V.F)with discharge decreasing is governing equation to this type weir.Study on the hydraulic characteristics of this Structural, divided two part. One calculation of water surface profiles and twoestimate the discharge coefficient estimate. Numerical methods used to modeling water surface profiles. And for estimating of discharge coefficient the empirical equation and intelligent method proposed.In this study a numerical model (Fourth-Order Runge–Kutta Method)has been presented for solving spatially varied flow(S.V.F) and follow evaloution of empirical equation has done then to estimate of discharge coefficient the MLP model has been implement. For developting the ANFIS model,the data that poblished in journal has been used. The final result has good agreement with experimental data and can accurately simulate the flow over side weir. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Study on the effect of climate change on maximum precipitations and probable maximum flood in the Karoon River zone of Iran
زهرا رامک جهانگیر پرهمت ابراهیم فتاحی مهران زند حسین صدقی

Climate change is one of the challenges which affect different areas of the human’s life on the earth, one of which is its effect on extreme events such as flood and drought. Today, one of the most important topics being discussed is that how the intensity of heav More

Climate change is one of the challenges which affect different areas of the human’s life on the earth, one of which is its effect on extreme events such as flood and drought. Today, one of the most important topics being discussed is that how the intensity of heavy precipitations and flood will change in future compared to that of the present values. In the present study, we try to investigate the effect of this phenomenon on the extreme precipitation and maximum probable flood (PMF) in the Shaloo Bridge region of the Karoon River in Iran. For such purpose, future temperature and precipitation between 2011 and 2030 is simulated with HadCM3 model based propagation scenarios of A1B, A2, B1 and small-scale exponential and statistical model LARS-WG. For simulation of the flood in the region, rainfall-runoff model HEC-HMS model is applied and for simulation of snowmelt, SRM model is considered. Results of this research shows that under the A1B scenario, in the time period from 2011 to 2030, the maximum precipitations in the region is reduced by 5 percent compared to that of the present time; on the contrary, A2 and B1 scenarios show an increase of 5 and 10 percent each. Also, it can be predicted that the flood as result of snowmelt in the climate change condition is increased in all the three scenarios. Also, the maximum probable flood at the area is decreased upon the A1B scenario, but it is increased in the A2 and B1 scenarios; however, the intensity of change is much higher in the last one. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Zoning hydraulic conductivity using different geostatistical methods (Case study Shavoor)
محمد سلاخ پور عباس ملکی علی مختاران

In studies of irrigation and drainage projects for drainage, it is necessary to extend the data from the sampling point to the network. Therefore, based on available data from observational wells, estimating the state of hydraulic conductivity (K) in the surrounding are More

In studies of irrigation and drainage projects for drainage, it is necessary to extend the data from the sampling point to the network. Therefore, based on available data from observational wells, estimating the state of hydraulic conductivity (K) in the surrounding area. The estimation process values for locations where there is no information for them based on viewing areas called wells spatial interpolation. In this study, based on data from 49 observational wells were constructed in the plains Shavoor in Khuzestan province, was generalized point data as well (Ernst), to the network. Then the accuracy of different interpolation methods were compared using scientific methods include a variety of kriging method, Thiessen and interpolation weight. Due to the geographical position coordinates observational wells, hydraulic conductivity was prepared digital map of the study area, using Civil 3D software. Spatial modeling software environment was then the Arc Gis and ArcMap. Statistical methods were used to compare with other software GS +. By drawing statistical methods and software GS + and ArcGIS ArcMAP, had the lowest error ordinary kriging process shift mode. Therefore, in this study, were used for zoning and expansion of hydraulic conductivity of ordinary Kriging interpolation method. Finally, in the research area of study in 11,500 hectares by Krynjyng conventional zoning were the three areas hydraulic conductivity with ranges 2,300 hectares less than 2 meters per day, 7900 between 2 and 3 meters per day and 1,300 hectares more 3 meters per day.According to the results, estimation of subsurface drainage Shdmhasbh are planted in three areas 50.70 and 80 m. As can be seen, if the estimate for hydraulic conductivity within the Project area, the method is invalid and an error, Perhaps increased costs due to estimation error in the drainage network designs are to be laid underground drains. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Determination and Simulation of Water Quality in Karkheh River Using QUAL2K Model
علی عبدالخانی علیرضا نیکبخت شهبازی نرگس ظهرابی

Karkheh river is located in southwestern of Iran. Industrial and agricultural activities around the river contaminate it through its path. Water quality modeling from upstream of Shoosh city to downstream was simulated by QUAL2K model. In this study, we investigated how More

Karkheh river is located in southwestern of Iran. Industrial and agricultural activities around the river contaminate it through its path. Water quality modeling from upstream of Shoosh city to downstream was simulated by QUAL2K model. In this study, we investigated how best to manage the quality of Karkheh river to be done. Nine parameters including BOD, COD, DO, PH, turbidity, nitrate, phosphate, total coliforms, fecal coliforms as indicator parameters and requirements for WQI index was chosen. Finally, we evaluated the effects of depletion of contaminants entering a river. Results showed significant reduction in water quality along the river and contaminants removal to the river could well improve the process of improving water quality along the river. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Optimal Control Pressure for Leakage Minimization in Water Distribution Systems Using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm
جعفر جعفری اصل بهرام سامی کشکولی مهدی بهرامی

One of the key factors affecting leakage in water distribution systems is network pressure management by putting Pressure Reduce Valves (PRV) in the flow path and optimal regulation of these vales in water networks. This study aimed at investigating optimal pressure man More

One of the key factors affecting leakage in water distribution systems is network pressure management by putting Pressure Reduce Valves (PRV) in the flow path and optimal regulation of these vales in water networks. This study aimed at investigating optimal pressure management problems so as to minimize leakage in water distribution networks. To do so, an approach was proposed for both optimal positioning and setting of pressure reduction valves (PRVs), where location optimization and optimal operation issue of valves was considered. In the present research, in order to resolve these problems, an optimization model—a simulation based on a Meta heuristic algorithms called as Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA)—was utilized. In this model, ICA optimization in MATLAB environment was integrated with hydraulic simulation of EPANET model. The results revealed that in case all the limitations of the problem are observed, employing this method to determine the position of the pressure reduction valves and regulate them lowered the mean leakage rate of the network by 12% in three phases of maximum, average and minimum aquatic need periods. This means that the proposed method was effective in regulating the pressure level to minimize leakage in networks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Studying the Effect of Submergence Depth on Scour Pattern of Hydraulic Jet Downstream
فواد بروایه محمد حیدرنژاد حیدرعلی کشکولی

This research aims to study jet downstream scour model under the influence of changes of water level. It also studies and analyzes different parameters and components of diffusion of submerged jet flow in an acceptor fluid and scour hole dimensions. To achieve the objec More

This research aims to study jet downstream scour model under the influence of changes of water level. It also studies and analyzes different parameters and components of diffusion of submerged jet flow in an acceptor fluid and scour hole dimensions. To achieve the objectives, a physical model was made in proportion to the research title. With the Froude number increasing in a nozzle discharge, flow velocity increases in the acceptor liquid. Moreover, with the Froude number increasing, the overall flux velocity increases by the same rate. Velocimetry experiments were carried out at different submergence depths to study the effect of submergence depth of an acceptor liquid on discharge velocity of a nozzle. With respect to the discharge velocity of the nozzle for submergence depths of 10, 30, and 50 times bigger than the nozzle diameters, it was specified that the measured velocities were consistent with each other and changes of depth had no effects on discharge velocity. Manuscript profile

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