اثر هشت هفته تمرینات فیفا 11+ بر آمادگی جسمانی بازیکنان والیبال زن دانشگاهی
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی علمی عضلانی - فیزیولوژی فعالیت بدنی و تندرستی - فیزیولوژی ورزشی - فیزیولوژی فعالیت ورزشی بالینی- فیزیولوژی فعالیت ورزشی محض - فیزیولوژی ورزشی کاربردی - قلب و عروق و تنفس - بیوشیمی و متابولیسم ورزشی -اخلاق ورزشی- فرهنگ ورزشی
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کلید واژه: تمرینات فیفا 11+ , قدرت اندام تحتانی, پرش افقی, تعادل پویا, تعادل ایستا, والیبالیست,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: تمرینات فیفا 11 + یک برنامه گرم کردن جهت پیشگیری از آسیب های ورزشی می باشد و می تواند منجر به بهبود عملکرد ورزشی شود. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر هشت هفته تمرینات 11+ بر آمادگی جسمانی زنان دانشگاهی بود.
روش شناسی: در این مطالعه نیمه تجربی 15 نفر از والیبالیست های زن دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت به عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب و بر اساس قدرت اندام تحتانی در دو گروه 7 نفره تمرینات 11 + و 8 نفره کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه تمرینات 11 + به مدت هشت هفته، سه جلسه در هفته و هر جلسه 20 دقیقه تمرینات ورزشی فیفا 11+ را انجام دادند. گروه کنترل در طول این مدت فقط برنامه گرم کردن معمول خود را داشتند. قبل از شروع تمرینات و 24 ساعت پس از آخرین جلسه تمرینی قدرت اندام تحتانی با استفاده از تنسیومتر، پرش افقی سارجنت، تعادل ایستا و تعادل پویا توسط مینی ترامپولین اندازه گیری شد. جهت بررسی تجزیه و تحلیل یافته ها از آزمون های آماری کالموگروف- اسمیرنوف، t مستقل و وابسته استفاده شد (05/0≥p).
یافته ها: قدرت اندام تحتانی در گروه تمرین (001/0=p) و گروه کنترل (001/0=p) در پس آزمون به طور معنی داری نسبت به پیش آزمون افزایش یافته است، درحالیکه تفاوت معنی داری در تغییرات قدرت اندام تحتانی بین دو گروه وجود نداشت (60/0=p). پرش طول در گروه تمرین در پس آزمون به طور معنی داری نسبت به پیش آزمون افزایش یافته است (001/0=p). درحالیکه تفاوت معنی داری در میزان پرش طول پیش آزمون و پس آزمون گروه کنترل (38/0=p) و تغییرات پرش طول در دو گروه (52/0=p) وجود نداشت. تفاوت معنی داری در میزان تعادل پویا (63/0=p) و ایستای (63/0=p) گروه تمرین و کنترل وجود نداشت (40/0=p).
نتیجه گیری: نظر می رسد تمرینات 11 + جهت بهبود قدرت اندام تحتانی و پرش افقی در والیبالیست های زن دانشگاهی شبیه تمرینات گرم کردن سنتی موثر می باشد. اما درخصوص بهبود تعادل تاثیری ندارد، بنابراین پیشنهاد می شود تمرینات تعادلی در تمرینات 11+ گنجانده شود.
Introduction: FIFA 11+ exercises are a warm-up program to prevent sports injuries and can lead to improved sports performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of 11+ exercises on the physical fitness of university women.
Methodology: In this Semi-experimental study, 15 female volleyball players of Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch were selected as the statistical sample and based on lower limb strength, and divided into two groups of + 11 training (n=7) and control (n=8). The 11+ training group performed FIFA + 11 training sessions for eight weeks, three sessions per week and 20 minutes each session. The control group had only their usual warm-up program during this time. Before the training and 24 hours after the last training session, Lower limb strength was measured using a tensiometer, Sargent horizontal jump, static balance and dynamic balance by mini-trampoline. Climograph-smirnoff, independent and dependent t-tests were used to analyze the findings (p≤0.05).
Results: Lower limb strength of the training group (p= 0.001) and the control group (p= 0.001) in the post-test was significantly increased compared to the pre-test, While there was no significant difference in lower limb strength changes between the two groups (p= 0.60). Length jump of the exercise group in the post-test was significantly increased compared to the pre-test (p=0.001). While there was no significant difference in the Length of jump in pre-test and post-test of the control group (p= 0.38) and Long jump changes in the two groups (p= 0.52). There was no significant difference in the dynamic balance (p= 0.63) and static balance (p= 0.63) of the training and control groups (p= 0.40).
Discussion: It seems that 11+ trainings are effective for improving lower limb strength and horizontal jump in female college volleyball players similar to traditional warm-up exercises. But it has no effect on improving balance, therefore, it is suggested that balance exercises be included in 11+ training.
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