بررسی تأثیر تمرینات قدرتی سنتی و معلق بر شاخص‌های آمادگی حرکتی در سالمندان کم‌تحرک
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی علمی عضلانی - فیزیولوژی فعالیت بدنی و تندرستی -وحید عمرایی 1 , علی برزگری 2 * , سعید نقیبی 3
1 - دانشگاه پیام نور
2 - استادیار، گروه حسابداری، دانشگاه پیام نور
3 - استادیار، فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، صندوق پستی 19395-3697، ایران
کلید واژه: تمرینات سنتی, تمرینات معلق, تعادل, چابکی, قدرت,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه و هدف: سیستم ایمنی ضعیف، قدرت عضلانی ضعیف، عدم تعادل و عدم تحرک عملکردی، موجب سقوط در افراد مسن را پیش بینی میکند. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تأثیر تمرینات قدرتی سنتی و معلق بر شاخص‌های آمادگی حرکتی در سالمندان کم‌تحرک بود.
روش شناسی پژوهش: تعداد 45 نفر از زنان سالمند مبتلا به فقر حرکتی مزمن به صورت تصادفی در 3 گروه 15 تایی کنترل، تمرین مقاومتی سنتی (TRT) و تمرین مقاومتی معلق (TRX) قرار گرفتند. بعد از مرحله پیش آزمون، آزمودنی های گروه های تمرینی در جلسات تمرینی 8 هفته ای که 3 جلسه در هفته و هر جلسه به مدت 40-50 دقیقه انجام می گرفت شرکت کردند. قدرت اندام فوقانی با آزمون حرکت جلو بازو، تعادل ايستا با آزمون شارپند رومبرگ و چابکی نیز با استفاده از آزمون برخاستن و رفتن اندازه گیری شد. جهت بررسی تفاوت بین گروهی متغيرهای دارای توزیع طبیعی از آزمون آماری آنالیز کوواریانس (آنکوا) و t همبسته استفاده شد (05/0 ≥P).
یافتهها: نتیجه بررسی تعادل، چابکی و قدرت از طریق آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس تفاوت معناداری بین گروه های مورد مطالعه نشان داد (05/0>P). بررسی نتایج حاصل از تی همبسته نیز نشان می-دهد تعادل، چابکی و قدرت در هر دو گروه مداخله در مقایسه با مرحله پیش آزمون معنادار بود (05/0>P).
بحث و نتیجه گیری: بررسی حاضر نشان می‌دهد که هر دو پروتکل در بهبود عوارض جسمانی ناشی از سالمندی کارآمد هستند و نیاز به این نوع تمرینات ورزشی در این پروفایل جمعیت را بدون توجه به روش مورد استفاده تأیید میکند. با این حال، تمرینات معلق دستاوردهای بیشتری در متغیرهای آمادگی جسمانی مربوط به فعالیت های روزانه در زنان مبتلا به فقر حرکتی به دست آورد.
Introduction: Weak immune system, weak muscle strength, lack of balance and functional immobility predict falls in the elderly. The aim of this study was the effect of two types of traditional and suspended strength training on the levels of some factors of motor fitness in the elderly with motor impairment.
research methodology: 45 elderly women with chronic mobility impairment were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 15: control, traditional resistance training (TRT) and suspended resistance training (TRX). After the pre-test phase, the subjects of the training groups participated in 8-week training sessions that were held 3 times a week and each session lasted for 40-50 minutes. Upper limb strength was measured with forearm movement test, static balance with Sharpand-Romberg test, and agility was also measured using the get-up-and-go test. To investigate the difference between groups of variables with normal distribution, statistical test of analysis of covariance (ANCOA) and correlated t were used (P ≥ 0.05).
Findings: The result of examining balance, agility and strength through covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the studied groups (P<0.05). Examining the results of the correlation test also shows that balance, agility and strength in both intervention groups were significant compared to the pre-test stage (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The present review shows that both protocols are efficient in improving physical complications caused by aging and confirms the need for this type of exercise training in this population profile regardless of the method used. However, suspension training achieved greater gains in physical fitness variables related to daily activities in women with poor mobility.
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