آفتاب‌پرست خلیج فارس: سیاست خارجی قطر و معمای راهبردی آمریکا
محورهای موضوعی : روابط بین المللسید محمدرضا موسوی 1 * , رامین بخشی 2
1 - استادیار گروه معارف اسلامی دانشگاه صنعتی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 - دانش آموخته دکتری روابط بین الملل دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: سیاست خارجی قطر, ایالات متحده آمریکا, دیپلماسی نامتقارن, شورای همکاری خلیج فارس, خاورمیانه,
چکیده مقاله :
سیاست‌های خارجی قطر و ابزارهای مورد استفاده برای دستیابی به آنها، خطرات و تهدیدهای مختلفی را برای منافع ایالات متحده و متحدانش ایجاد می‌کند. این ابزارها شامل استفاده از رسانه‌ها، سازمان‌های تروریستی، پوشش ریسک استراتژیک، سرمایه‌گذاری‌ها، دیپلماسی فعال و اتحادهای استراتژیک است. قطر از طریق این ابزارها به دنبال دستیابی به نفوذ و اهدافی است که معمولاً فراتر از محدوده سیاسی کشورهای کوچک است. به عنوان مثال، قطر به عنوان ابزاری برای نفوذ، روابط خود را با سازمان‌های تروریستی حفظ می‌کند که پیامدهای جدی برای مبارزه ایالات متحده با تروریسم دارد. با این حال، قطر به عنوان یک متحد، از طریق خرید تسلیحات دفاعی ایالات متحده و میزبانی پایگاه‌های هوایی ایالات متحده در منطقه، مزایایی برای ایالات متحده دارد. از این منظر، قطر یک معمای چالش‌برانگیز برای ایالات متحده است. با این حال، قطر به عنوان یک متحد، از طریق خرید تسلیحات دفاعی ایالات متحده و میزبانی پایگاه‌های هوایی ایالات متحده در منطقه، مزایایی برای ایالات متحده دارد. از این منظر، قطر یک معمای چالش‌برانگیز برای ایالات متحده است.
Qatar’s foreign policy, utilizing tools such as international media, active diplomacy, relations with militia groups, global investments, and strategic hedging, has presented a unique model among small countries. This model has, on the one hand, led to an increase in Qatar’s influence at the regional and international levels, and on the other hand, has had contradictory consequences for the interests of the United States in the Middle East. The main question of this research is how Qatar’s foreign policy patterns have affected the strategic interests of the United States in the Middle East region? The research hypothesis is that Qatar’s asymmetric and balancing foreign policy (including simultaneous relations with the United States, militia organizations, and competitors) has both strengthened and weakened US geopolitical interests in the region by creating simultaneous opportunities and threats. The research findings show that although Qatar acts as an ally by hosting the largest US air base in the region and making major investments in US industries, its policies sometimes conflict with US counterterrorism and security priorities by supporting groups such as Hamas and the Taliban. As a result, Washington-Doha relations are complex and strategically ambiguous, the management of which requires a review of US diplomatic approaches in the region.
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