گروه‌های سـازگار مـیسلیومی و تنوع ژنتیـکی در جمعیـت‌های قارچ Sclerotinia sclerotiorum عامل پوسیدگی اسکلروتینیایی ساقه کلزا در استان مازندران
محورهای موضوعی : بیماری شناسی گیاهی
سارا محسنی چمازکتی
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سعید رضائى
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علیرضا دلیلی
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مجید الداغی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری بیماری شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، ساری، ایران
4 - استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، ساری، ایران
کلید واژه: تنوع ژنتیکی, سازگاری میسلیومی, نشانگرهای ریزماهواره, کلزا, پوسیدگی اسکلروتینیایی ساقه,
چکیده مقاله :
بیماری پوسیدگی اسکلروتینیایی ساقه، ناشی از قارچ Sclerotinia sclerotiorum، یکی از مهم‌ترین بیماري‌هاي کلزا در ایران می‌باشد. به منظور ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی جدایه‌های S. sclerotiorum، نمونه‌برداری از مزارع کلزا در مناطق مختلف استان مازندران انجام گرفت. تعداد 56 جدایه، براساس پراکنش جغرافیایی انتخاب گردید، سپس، جهت بررسی ساختار ژنتیکی جدایه ها، از گروه‌هـای سازگاری میسلیـومی (MCGs) و نشانگرهای ریزمـاهـواره (SSRs) استفاده شد. در مجـموع، 32 گروه سازگاری میسلیومی شناسایی شد که 4/59 درصد از آنها فقط شامل یک جدایه بودند، درحالی‌که سایر گروه‌ها، 7-2 جدایه داشتند. آزمون مولکولی با استفاده از 10 جفت آغازگر ریزماهواره انجام گردید. در نهایت، 31 هاپلوتیپ ریزماهواره در همه جمعیت‌ها شناسایی و چند هاپلوتیپ با فراوانی بالا یافت شدند. تنوع ژنی در هفت جمعیت در محدوده 4120/0 تا 5111/0 متغیر بود. بیشترین و کمترین تنوع ژنتیکی درون جمعیت به ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت شهرستانهای بهشهر و ساری بود. بین هاپلوتیپهای ریزماهواره و گروه‌های سازگاری میسلیومی ارتباط معنیداری مشاهده نشد (75/0V=، 36/0P=). نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه براي اصلاح ارقام مقاوم و توسعه راهبردهای مدیریت بیماري پوسیدگی اسکلروتینیایی ساقه مفید خواهد بود.
Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most important diseases of rapeseed in Iran. To assess the genetic diversity of S. sclerotiorum isolates, sampling was conducted from rapeseed fields in different regions of Mazandaran Province. A total of 56 isolates were selected based on their geographical distribution. Then, mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to analyze the genetic structure of these distinct isolates. In total, 32 MCGs were identified, of which 59.4% contained only a single isolate, while the remaining groups consisted of 2 to 7 isolates. Molecular analysis was performed using 10 pairs of microsatellite primers. In total, 31 microsatellite haplotypes were identified across all populations, with a few haplotypes found at high frequencies. Gene diversity among the seven populations ranged from 0.4120 to 0.5111. The highest and lowest levels of genetic diversity among the populations were observed in the Behshahr and Sari counties, respectively. No significant association was found between microsatellite haplotypes and mycelial compatibility groups (V = 0.75, p = 0.36). The findings of this study will be beneficial for breeding resistant cultivars and developing disease management strategies for Sclerotinia stem rot.
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