نقش شیوه‌های فرزندپروری مادران ، سرمایه فرهنگی خانواده و مهارت های اجتماعی در تربیت دختران
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی
آتنا دوامی
1
(معاون اجرایی مدرسه دخترانه مقطع ابتدایی، گروه آموزش ابتدایی، ناحیه یک اهواز، اهواز، ایران.)
کلید واژه: مهارت های اجتماعی, سرمایه فرهنگی خانواده, شیوه فرزندپروری مادران,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش شیوه‌های فرزندپروری مادران، سرمایه فرهنگی خانواده و مهارت های اجتماعی در تربیت دختران بود.جامعه پژوهش کلیه متون روان شناسی شیوه های فرزندپروری، سرمایه فرهنگی و مهارت‌های-اجتماعی در تربیت دختران بود. نمونه پژوهش مطالب شیوه های فرزندپروری مادران ، سرمایه فرهنگی‌خانواده و مهارت‌های اجتماعی بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی است.گردآوری اطلاعات با استفاده از روش کتابخانه‌‌ای وفیش برداری انجام شد سپس داده‌ها به صورت تحلیل محتوا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که ازبین شیوه های فرزندپروری مادران، شیوه مقتدرانه بهترین روش برای تربیت کودکان به ویژه دختران است؛ تربیت فرزندان در این شیوه محدود کننده نیست و فضا برای استقلال آن‌ها وجود دارد؛کودکانی که در این شیوه تربیت می شوند افراد سالم تری هستند و بهتر ارتباط برقرار می کنند. هم‌چنین کودکان سرمایه فرهنگی را از طریق والدین دریافت می‌کنند؛ سرمایه فرهنگی به سه شکل تجسم یافته، عینیت یافته و نهادی مطرح می‌شود؛ کودکان و مخصوصا دختران که بیشترین وقت خود را با مادران می گذرانند، از طریق فرایند همانندسازی از رفتار و منش های نشأت گرفته از غنای فرهنگی آنان الگوبرداری می کنند و این عاملی برای رشد اجتماعی دختران می شود. سرمایه فرهنگی از اهمیت بسیاری در عقاید رایج تعلیم و تربیت مدرن برخوردار است. والدین پلی میان اندوخته های فرهنگی و عقاید موجود در زندگی روزمره و یادگیری در کودکان هستند؛ مادران به‌دلیل اثرات شایانی که در آموزش و کسب مهارت‌های اجتماعی کودکان ایفا می کنند بر بالندگی اجتماعی فرزندان در آینده، اهرم مهمی تلقی می شوند.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mother's parenting style, the family's cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research statistical population included all psychology texts related to parenting style, the cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research sample embraced psychological texts concerning mother's parenting styles, family's cultural capital and social skills. The current research was descriptive-analytical. Data collection was done by using the library method and note taking on index cards. The data was analyzed via content analysis procedure. The results showed that amongst the mothers’ parenting styles, the authoritative one was the best for educating the children specially the females. Educating the children by such style was not completely restrictive. There was more space for their individuality and independence. Children educating by such style were saner and had better communicating. The children also acquired the cultural capital from their parents. The cultural capital represented in embodied, objectified and institutionalized forms. The children, particularly the girls who spent their more time with their mothers through identification process template their mothers’ behaviors and characteristics emerged from cultural enrichment. Such factor could be as an initiator for the girls’ social maturation. Cultural capital is very important in the prevailing theories of modern education. Parents are a bridge between cultural heritage and ideas in daily life and learning in children. Mothers are considered an important lever due to the positive effective role they play in the education and acquisition of children's social skills on their children's social growth in the future.
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