بررسی عوامل باکتریایی ورم پستان تحت‌بالینی در گاوهای شیری مجتمع کشت‌وصنعت و دامداری نگین سبز ماکو
محورهای موضوعی :
آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
مهدی شکوهی
1
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد اهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهر، ایران.)
چنگیز احمدی زاده
2
(استادیار گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد اهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهر، ایران.)
امیرعلی کاوه
3
(استادیار گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/06/05
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/08/24
تاریخ انتشار : 1396/11/01
کلید واژه:
باکتری,
گاو شیری,
ورم پستان تحت‌بالینی,
کشت و صنعت و دامداری نگین سبز ماکو,
چکیده مقاله :
بروز عفونت پستانی در گاو و کاهش مقاومت این حیوان نسبت به عوامل بیماریزا منجر به بروز فرم حاد و بالینی ورم پستان شده و این عارضه به عنوان یکی از مسائل مهم در پرورش گاو به شمار می رود هدف از انجام این تحقیق شناسایی عوامل ایجاد کننده ی ورم پستان تحت بالینی می باشد تا به عنون اولین قدم برای پیشگیری از خسارات بهداشتی و اقتصادی باشد. در گاوداری روزانه به طور مرتب و در نوبت دوشش صبح. پس از نمونه گیری هم حجم شیر به آن محلول شیر آزما به عنوان معرف اضافه نموده و مخلوط شیر و معرف به مدت چند دقیقه به صورت دورانی همزده خواهد شد. لخته شدن مخلوط شیر و معرف موید وجود ورم پستان تحت بالینی می باشد. نمونه های جمع آوری شده در هر نوبت دوشش، در کنار یخ به آزمایشگاه میکروبیولوژی ارسال شده و کشت میکروبی و آنتی بیوگرام صورت گرفت.بیشترین باکتری های جدا شده شامل کورینه باکتری (54/12 درصد)، استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس (92/7 درصد)، استرپتوکوکوس آگالاکتیه (62/4 درصد)، استافیلوکوکوس ساپروفیتیکوس (62/4 درصد)، استافیلوکوکوس اپیدرمیس (3/3 درصد)، باسیلوس (64/2 درصد)، استرپتومایسس (98/1 درصد) بودند.ارزیابی حساسیت آنتی بیوتیکی، بیشترین حساسیت را به جنتامایسین و بیشترین مقاومت را به پنی سیلین نشان داد. نتایج مطالعه نشان دهنده مقاومت جدایه های باکتریایی نسبت به آنتی بیوتیک های پرمصرف مانند پنی سیلین، استرپتومایسین و تا حدی تتراسایکلین بود، ولی حساسیت به جنتامایسین که کمتر مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است، بالا بود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Acute clinical mastitis resulting from udder infections and reduced resistance to pathogenic organisms is an important issue in cattle production. The aim of this study was to identify the causes of subclinical mastitis as a first step in prevention of hygienic and economic losses. Daily milk samples were collected every morning after milking and mixed with equal volume of mastitis test reagent and the mixture was rotated in a figure of 8 fashion for a few minutes. Presence of subclinical mastitis was confirmed by clotting of this mixture. The collected samples from each milking were sent to the microbiology laboratory alongside ice for bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility tests. Results indicated that the highest number of isolated bacteria consisted of Corynebacteria (12.54%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.92%), Streptococcus agalactiae (4.62%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (4.62%), Staphylococcus epidermis (3.3%), Bacillus (2.64%) and Streptomyces (1.98%). Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed the greatest susceptibility to gentamicin and resistance to penicillin indicating the presence of resistance in isolated bacteria against commonly used antibiotics like penicillin, streptomycin and to some extent tetracycline but susceptibility towards the lesser used gentamicin was high.
منابع و مأخذ:
Abrahmsén, M., Persson, Y., Kanyima, B.M. and Båge, R. (2014). Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy farms in urban and peri-urban areas of Kampala, Uganda. Tropical animal Health and Production, 46(1): 99-105.
Beaudeau, F., Ducrocq, V., Fourichon, C. and Seegers, H. (1995). Effect of disease on length of productive life of french Holstein dairy cows assessed by survival analysis. Journal of Dairy Science, 78(1): 103-117.
Bolourchi, M., Mokhber, D.M., Kasravi, R., Moghimi, E.A. and Hovareshti, P. (2008). An estimation of national average of milk somatic cell count and production losses due to subclinical mastitis in commercial dairy herds in Iran. Journal of Veterinary Research, 63(4): 263-266.
Bradley, A.J. (2002). Bovine mastitis: an evolving disease. The Veterinary Journal, 164(2): 116-128.
Brînda, M., Herman, V. and Faur, B. (2010). Antimicrobial sensitivity of some Staphylococcus aureus strains from bovine mastitis. Lucrări Ştiinţifice Medicină Veterinară, 43(1): 102-105.
Chanda, A., Roy, C., Banerjee, P. and Guha, C. (1989). Studies on incidence of bovine mastitis, its diagnosis, etiology and invitro sensitivity of the isolated pathogens. Indian Veterinary Journal, 66(4): 277-282.
Costa, T.R., Menaldo, D.L., Da Silva, C.P., Sorrechia, R., De Albuquerque, S., Pietro, R.C., et al. (2015). Evaluating the microbicidal, antiparasitic and antitumor effects of Cr-Laao from Calloselasma rhodostoma venom. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 80: 489-497.
Daka, D. and Yihdego, D. (2012). Antibiotic-resistance Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cow’s milk in the Hawassa area, South Ethiopia. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 11(1): 26.
Dholakia, P., Purohit, J., Shah, N. and Kher, H. (1987). In vitro drug sensitivity of bacteria isolated from cases of mastitis in dairy-cattle. Indian Veterinary Journal, 64(11): 908-910.
Farajpour, M., Sadeghi, Z.M. and Ghiamirad, M. (2015). Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milks of Saqez. Journal of Food Hygiene, 5(3): 39-48. [In Persian]
Firouzi, R., Rajaian, H., Tabaee, I. and Saeedzadeh, A. (2010). In vitro antibacterial effects of marbofloxacin on microorganisms causing mastitis in cows. Journal of Veterinary Research, 65(1): 51-55. [In Persian]
Gentilini, E., Denamiel, G., Betancor, A., Rebuelto, M., Fermepin, M.R. and De Torres, R. (2002). Antimicrobial susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine mastitis in Argentina. Journal of Dairy Science, 85(8): 1913-1917.
Getahun, K., Kelay, B., Bekana, M. and Lobago, F. (2008). Bovine mastitis and antibiotic resistance patterns in selalle smallholder dairy farms, Central Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 40(4): 261-268.
Guérin-Faublée, V., Tardy, F., Bouveron, C. and Carret, G. (2002). Antimicrobial susceptibility of streptococcus species isolated from clinical mastitis in dairy cows. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 19(3): 219-226.
Hashemi, M. (2015). Prevalence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens isolated from dairy cows with mastitis in fars province. Veterinary Journal (Pajouhesh and Sazandegi), 29(3): 85-93. [In Persian]
Hogeveen, H., Huijps, K. and Lam, T. (2011). Economic aspects of mastitis: New Developments. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 59(1): 16-23.
Holtenius, K., Waller, K.P., Essen-Gustavsson, B., Holtenius, P. and Sandgren, C.H. (2004). Metabolic parameters and blood leukocyte profiles in cows from herds with high or low mastitis incidence. The Veterinary Journal, 168(1): 65-73.
Hovareshti, P., Bolourchi, M. and Tabatabayi, A. (2007). Comparison of the effect of systemic and local antibacterial therapy to control staphylococcal intramammary infection in prepartum heifers. Journal of Veterinary Research, 62: 7-9.
Losinger, W.C. (2005). Economic impacts of reduced milk production associated with an increase in bulk-tank somatic cell count on US dairies. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 226(10): 1652-1658.
Mirzaei, H., Farhoudi, H., Tavassoli, H., Farajli, M. and Monadi, A. (2012). Presence and antimicrobial susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw and pasteurized milk and ice cream in Tabriz by culture and PCR techniques. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 6(32): 6224-6229.
Moroni, P., Pisoni, G., Antonini, M., Villa, R., Boettcher, P. and Carli, S. (2006). Antimicrobial drug susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical bovine mastitis in Italy. Journal of Dairy Science, 89(8): 2973-2976.
Mosaferi, S., Ghabouli Mehrabani, R., Khakpoor, M., Ghabouli Mehrabani, N., Maleksabet, A. and Hamidi, F. (2015). Prevalence of bacterial agents isolated from clinical cases of bovine mastitis in the dry period and the determination of their antibiotic sensitivity in Tabriz, Iran. Journal of Coastal Life Medicine, 3(9): 701-703.
Moslemipur, F., Mostafaloo, Y. and Khanahmadi, A. (2016). Survey of conformity between organoleptic and microbial culture techniques to diagnose cows mastitis and antibiogram test in milk of industrial and traditional herds. Animal Science Research, 26(1): 51-62. [In Persian]
Nathawat, P., Bhati, T., Sharma, S.K., Mohammed, N. and Kataria, A.K. (2013). Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in lactating goats with clinical mastitis and their antibiogram studies. Animal Biology and Animal Husbandry, 5(1): 32-37.
Nazer, A. and Sarmadi, R. (2005). Prevalence of clinical and snbclinical mastitis, antibiotic resistance and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. Veterinary Research, 60: 247-252. [In Persian]
Nazer, A. and Tavakoli, A. (1994). Prevalence of antibiotic resistance and β-lactamase production by bacteria isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 6(2): 167-176.
Nicholas, R. and Ayling, R. (2003). Mycoplasma bovis: disease, diagnosis, and control. Research in Veterinary Science, 74(2): 105-112.
Philpot, W.N. and Nickerson, S.C. (2000). Winning the Fight against Mastitis. Westfalia, pp: 87-94.
Phuektes, P., Mansell, P. and Browning, G. (2001). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcal causes of bovine mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science, 84(5): 1140-1148.
Saleki, K. and Moradi, H. (2013). Bacterial agents of mastitis in dairy cow farms in Ilam city. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 20(4): 88-95. [In Persian]
Shittu, A.O. and Lin, J. (2006). Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and characterization of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Kwazulu-Natal province, South Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases, 6(1): 125.
Souto, L.I., Minagawa, C.Y., Telles, E.O., Garbuglio, M.A., Amaku, M., Melville, P.A., et al. (2010). Correlation between mastitis occurrence and the count of microorganisms in bulk raw milk of bovine dairy herds in four selective culture media. Journal of Dairy Research, 77(1): 63-70.
Thaker, H., Brahmbhatt, M., Nayak, J. and Thaker, H.C. (2013). Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from milk and milk products and their drug resistance patterns in Anand, Gujarat. Veterinary World, 6(1): 10-13.
Vojgani, M., Peyghambari, S. and Hakimi, H. (2008). Detection of common bacteria implicated in bovine mastitis in bulk tank milk by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Veterinary Research, 63(1): 69-73. [In Persian]
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Abrahmsén, M., Persson, Y., Kanyima, B.M. and Båge, R. (2014). Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy farms in urban and peri-urban areas of Kampala, Uganda. Tropical animal Health and Production, 46(1): 99-105.
Beaudeau, F., Ducrocq, V., Fourichon, C. and Seegers, H. (1995). Effect of disease on length of productive life of french Holstein dairy cows assessed by survival analysis. Journal of Dairy Science, 78(1): 103-117.
Bolourchi, M., Mokhber, D.M., Kasravi, R., Moghimi, E.A. and Hovareshti, P. (2008). An estimation of national average of milk somatic cell count and production losses due to subclinical mastitis in commercial dairy herds in Iran. Journal of Veterinary Research, 63(4): 263-266.
Bradley, A.J. (2002). Bovine mastitis: an evolving disease. The Veterinary Journal, 164(2): 116-128.
Brînda, M., Herman, V. and Faur, B. (2010). Antimicrobial sensitivity of some Staphylococcus aureus strains from bovine mastitis. Lucrări Ştiinţifice Medicină Veterinară, 43(1): 102-105.
Chanda, A., Roy, C., Banerjee, P. and Guha, C. (1989). Studies on incidence of bovine mastitis, its diagnosis, etiology and invitro sensitivity of the isolated pathogens. Indian Veterinary Journal, 66(4): 277-282.
Costa, T.R., Menaldo, D.L., Da Silva, C.P., Sorrechia, R., De Albuquerque, S., Pietro, R.C., et al. (2015). Evaluating the microbicidal, antiparasitic and antitumor effects of Cr-Laao from Calloselasma rhodostoma venom. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 80: 489-497.
Daka, D. and Yihdego, D. (2012). Antibiotic-resistance Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cow’s milk in the Hawassa area, South Ethiopia. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 11(1): 26.
Dholakia, P., Purohit, J., Shah, N. and Kher, H. (1987). In vitro drug sensitivity of bacteria isolated from cases of mastitis in dairy-cattle. Indian Veterinary Journal, 64(11): 908-910.
Farajpour, M., Sadeghi, Z.M. and Ghiamirad, M. (2015). Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milks of Saqez. Journal of Food Hygiene, 5(3): 39-48. [In Persian]
Firouzi, R., Rajaian, H., Tabaee, I. and Saeedzadeh, A. (2010). In vitro antibacterial effects of marbofloxacin on microorganisms causing mastitis in cows. Journal of Veterinary Research, 65(1): 51-55. [In Persian]
Gentilini, E., Denamiel, G., Betancor, A., Rebuelto, M., Fermepin, M.R. and De Torres, R. (2002). Antimicrobial susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine mastitis in Argentina. Journal of Dairy Science, 85(8): 1913-1917.
Getahun, K., Kelay, B., Bekana, M. and Lobago, F. (2008). Bovine mastitis and antibiotic resistance patterns in selalle smallholder dairy farms, Central Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 40(4): 261-268.
Guérin-Faublée, V., Tardy, F., Bouveron, C. and Carret, G. (2002). Antimicrobial susceptibility of streptococcus species isolated from clinical mastitis in dairy cows. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 19(3): 219-226.
Hashemi, M. (2015). Prevalence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens isolated from dairy cows with mastitis in fars province. Veterinary Journal (Pajouhesh and Sazandegi), 29(3): 85-93. [In Persian]
Hogeveen, H., Huijps, K. and Lam, T. (2011). Economic aspects of mastitis: New Developments. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 59(1): 16-23.
Holtenius, K., Waller, K.P., Essen-Gustavsson, B., Holtenius, P. and Sandgren, C.H. (2004). Metabolic parameters and blood leukocyte profiles in cows from herds with high or low mastitis incidence. The Veterinary Journal, 168(1): 65-73.
Hovareshti, P., Bolourchi, M. and Tabatabayi, A. (2007). Comparison of the effect of systemic and local antibacterial therapy to control staphylococcal intramammary infection in prepartum heifers. Journal of Veterinary Research, 62: 7-9.
Losinger, W.C. (2005). Economic impacts of reduced milk production associated with an increase in bulk-tank somatic cell count on US dairies. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 226(10): 1652-1658.
Mirzaei, H., Farhoudi, H., Tavassoli, H., Farajli, M. and Monadi, A. (2012). Presence and antimicrobial susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw and pasteurized milk and ice cream in Tabriz by culture and PCR techniques. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 6(32): 6224-6229.
Moroni, P., Pisoni, G., Antonini, M., Villa, R., Boettcher, P. and Carli, S. (2006). Antimicrobial drug susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical bovine mastitis in Italy. Journal of Dairy Science, 89(8): 2973-2976.
Mosaferi, S., Ghabouli Mehrabani, R., Khakpoor, M., Ghabouli Mehrabani, N., Maleksabet, A. and Hamidi, F. (2015). Prevalence of bacterial agents isolated from clinical cases of bovine mastitis in the dry period and the determination of their antibiotic sensitivity in Tabriz, Iran. Journal of Coastal Life Medicine, 3(9): 701-703.
Moslemipur, F., Mostafaloo, Y. and Khanahmadi, A. (2016). Survey of conformity between organoleptic and microbial culture techniques to diagnose cows mastitis and antibiogram test in milk of industrial and traditional herds. Animal Science Research, 26(1): 51-62. [In Persian]
Nathawat, P., Bhati, T., Sharma, S.K., Mohammed, N. and Kataria, A.K. (2013). Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in lactating goats with clinical mastitis and their antibiogram studies. Animal Biology and Animal Husbandry, 5(1): 32-37.
Nazer, A. and Sarmadi, R. (2005). Prevalence of clinical and snbclinical mastitis, antibiotic resistance and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. Veterinary Research, 60: 247-252. [In Persian]
Nazer, A. and Tavakoli, A. (1994). Prevalence of antibiotic resistance and β-lactamase production by bacteria isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 6(2): 167-176.
Nicholas, R. and Ayling, R. (2003). Mycoplasma bovis: disease, diagnosis, and control. Research in Veterinary Science, 74(2): 105-112.
Philpot, W.N. and Nickerson, S.C. (2000). Winning the Fight against Mastitis. Westfalia, pp: 87-94.
Phuektes, P., Mansell, P. and Browning, G. (2001). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcal causes of bovine mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science, 84(5): 1140-1148.
Saleki, K. and Moradi, H. (2013). Bacterial agents of mastitis in dairy cow farms in Ilam city. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 20(4): 88-95. [In Persian]
Shittu, A.O. and Lin, J. (2006). Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and characterization of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Kwazulu-Natal province, South Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases, 6(1): 125.
Souto, L.I., Minagawa, C.Y., Telles, E.O., Garbuglio, M.A., Amaku, M., Melville, P.A., et al. (2010). Correlation between mastitis occurrence and the count of microorganisms in bulk raw milk of bovine dairy herds in four selective culture media. Journal of Dairy Research, 77(1): 63-70.
Thaker, H., Brahmbhatt, M., Nayak, J. and Thaker, H.C. (2013). Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from milk and milk products and their drug resistance patterns in Anand, Gujarat. Veterinary World, 6(1): 10-13.
Vojgani, M., Peyghambari, S. and Hakimi, H. (2008). Detection of common bacteria implicated in bovine mastitis in bulk tank milk by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Veterinary Research, 63(1): 69-73. [In Persian]
