رتبه‌بندی مناطق دهگانه کلانشهر تبریز بر اساس شاخص‌های شهر خلاق
محورهای موضوعی : سیاستگذاری شهری
حسین محمدی قاضیجهانی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه شهرسازی، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران)
بختیار عزت پناه
2
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران)
کلید واژه: رتبه‌بندی, شهر خلاق, مدل SAW, کلانشهر تبریز,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه با توجه به رشد سریع جوامع شهری و پیچیده تر شدن مسائل شهری، نقش استفاده از شیوه های جدید برنامه ریزی و مدیریت شهری بیش از هر زمانی دیگر مهم جلوه می نماید. در این رابطه ایده شهر خلاق یکی از بحث های جدیدی می باشد که می تواند شهرها را به سوی رشد و توسعه پایدار سوق دهد. شهر خلاق قادر است تا شهرها را از بن بست های مدیریتی و کالبدی موجود رهایی بخشیده و آنها را تبدیل به مکانی جهت شکوفایی استعدادها و بروز انواع نوآوری ها گرداند. با توجه به اهمیت بکارگیری شیوه های نوین در امر برنامه ریزی و مدیریت شهری، پژوهش حاضر اقدام به ارزیابی و اولویت بندی مناطق دهگانه کلانشهر تبریز بر اساس شاخص های شهر خلاق نموده است تا نتایج حاصل بتواند پاسخگوی نیازها و نارسایی های موجود در این شهر باشد. نوع تحقیق حاضر، کاربردی و روش بررسی آن توصیفی ـ تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش نیز شامل کل ساکنان کلانشهر تبریز برابر با 1.593.373 نفر می باشد و بر اساس فرمول کوکران تعداد 384 نفر به عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون های تی تک نمونه ای، کروسکال والیس، میانگین و کای اسکوئر استفاده شده و به منظور رتبه بندی مناطق شهر تبریز از مدل تصمیم گیری چند معیاره SAW استفاده گردیده است. نتایج به دست آمده از آزمون SAW نشان می دهد وضعیت شاخص های سرزندگی فضای شهری و مشارکت بهتر از سایر شاخص های شهر خلاق است. همچنین، منطقه 2 شهر تبریز با نمره نهایی 171/0، در رتبه اول و منطقه 7 با نمره نهایی 074/0 در رتبه های آخر از نظر شاخص های شهر خلاق در بین مناطق دهگانه کلانشهر تبریز قرار گرفته‌اند.
Today, due to the rapid growth of urban communities and the complexity of its problems, the role of using new methods of urban management is more important than ever. In this regard, the idea of a creative city is one of the new debates that can lead cities to sustainable development. This idea is able to free cities from existing deadlocks and turn them into a place for talent to flourish and innovate. In this regard, the present study has evaluated and prioritized the ten districts of Tabriz metropolis based on the indicators of the creative city so that the results can meet the needs and shortcomings of this city. The type of research is applied and its research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study includes the total population of Tabriz metropolis equal to 1,593,373 people and based on Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as a statistical sample. To analyze the data, one-sample t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, mean and Chi-square tests were used and in order to rank the regions of Tabriz, the SAW multi-criteria decision model was used.The results of the SAW test show that the status of urban space vitality and participation indicators is better than other indicators of the creative city. Also, region 2 of Tabriz with a final score of 0.171 is in the first place and region 7 with a final score of 0.074 is in the last ranks in terms of creative city indicators among the ten regions of Tabriz metropolis.Extended AbstractIntroduction:The world today is facing the phenomenon of urban growth and urbanization more than ever. So that the present century should be considered the century of globalization of cities. In this regard, the main competition in the process of globalization is more between urban centers than governments and nations (Maleki, & Shanbehpoor, 2019: 78). In the current situation, motivations, talents, dreams, desires and creativity. Citizens are gradually taking the place of traditional urban advantages such as natural resources, location and access to markets. In the future, the city will become a place for the emergence of all kinds of innovations, technologies, creativity and economic context dependent on intangible capital, knowledge and information, which should be in order to strengthen the new contexts of citizenship creativity and proper planning. And tried accordingly (Rafieeyan, & Shabani, 2015: 20).The realization of the creative city is one of the most important goals of modern societies. In this city, city officials provide the social and economic infrastructure and public services in the most up-to-date, efficient and productive way possible. The creative city is not only a space in which creativity grows, but also its management and organization are creatively designed and planned (Rahimi et al, 2013: 10). In recent years in Iran, the creative city approach has been of special interest to experts and city managers, and in order to develop the country's cities, the indicators of this approach have been used extensively. Considering the importance and position of creative industries, creative economy and creative class and recreation of urban space, the main question of the research is that Tabriz metropolis as one of the largest and most important cities in the northwest of the country in terms of realizing the concept of creative city Has it been able to take steps and provide the amount of infrastructure and substrates needed for the creative city to flourish? According to the above, the main purpose of the present study; Measuring the success rate of the ten regions of Tabriz metropolis in achieving the realization of the indicators of the creative city is that in this regard, first the components of the creative city are studied and then using these indicators to rank Ten areas of Tabriz metropolis have been taken action and finally, based on the results obtained and identifying the existing problems, solutions have been proposed to improve the existing conditions.MethodologyThis research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and method. In order to collect the required data, both library and field studies (observation, questionnaire, etc). Have been used. The statistical population includes all citizens living in the city of Tabriz, which is equal to 1,593,373 people (in 2016). Also, using the Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as a sample by simple random sampling. In the questionnaire prepared to rank the regions of Tabriz, the five main dimensions of the creative city, which are: participation, diversity of urban space, efficiency and effectiveness, communication technology, vitality of urban space are examined for each of the five dimensions, five indicators and a total Twenty-five indicators have been considered, the validity of which has been confirmed by university professors and urban affairs experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha test of 0.703, which indicates its reliability. One-sample t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, mean and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data and answer the research question. Then, SAW multi-criteria decision model was used to rank the ten districts of Tabriz metropolis.Results and discussionThe results of the study of the status of the indicators of the creative city in the metropolis of Tabriz, show that the status of all the indicators of the creative city such as; Participation with the statistic of -19.008, urban spatial diversity with the statistic of -13.94, efficiency and effectiveness with the statistic of -10.73, communication technology with the statistic of -8.26 and the vitality of the urban space with -5.58 lower than Numerical utility is estimated to be 3. Thus, it should be said that the situation of the creative city is not favorable from the citizens' point of view and requires careful and logical attention and planning by the officials and those in charge of urban development. According to Kruskal-Wallis test, the indicators of urban space vitality and participation are better than other indicators of creative city. Also, based on the ranking obtained from SAW technique, region 2 of Tabriz with a final score of 0.171, region 3 with a final score of 0.109 and region 1 with a final score of 0.106 in the first to third ranks in terms of city indicators Creative and Region 10 with a final score of 0.071 and Region 7 with a final score of 0.074 are in the last ranks in terms of indicators of the creative city among the ten regions of Tabriz metropolis.As a result, Tabriz metropolitan areas 2 and 3 are in very good condition, districts 1 and 4 are in good condition, districts 8 and 6 are in average condition, districts 5 and 9 are in poor condition and districts 10 and 7 are in very poor condition in terms of indicators. Creative cities are located among the ten districts of Tabriz metropolis.ConclusionBased on the results of the present study, in general, it can be said that the new methods of urban management and planning in the management of modern cities have a special place that without considering this, it will not be possible to solve the problems of cities. In this regard, the study of creative city indicators as one of the new methods that has been studied on a case-by-case basis in Tabriz, indicates that the city of Tabriz is far from reaching the appropriate level of creative city indicators. There are many that cannot be solved without the attention of the officials and managers of urban affairs in Tabriz and the full participation of residents. Because the most basic indicators discussed in relation to the creative city are mainly issues related to urban management issues such as creating spatial diversity, promoting and developing the use of new technologies, increasing urban vitality, etc., and on the other hand in relation to the participation index. Citizens can play an effective role in improving the situation of Tabriz city in terms of having creative city indicators by actively participating in urban affairs.
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