مقایسۀ سندرم آشیانۀ خالی در والدین قبل و بعد از ترک منزل توسط فرزند(ان)
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
فاطمه مهدی یار
1
(کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت)
محمد خیر
2
(عضو هیأت علمی گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی دانشگاه شیراز)
سیده مریم حسینی
3
(عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت)
کلید واژه: سندرم آشیانۀ خالی, افسردگی, اضطراب, احساس تنهایی,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه والدین از نظر نشانگان (سندرم) آشیانۀ خالی، قبل و بعد از اینکه فرزند(ان) خانه را ترک کنند، اجرا شد. این پژوهش از نوع تحقیقات علی ـ مقایسه‌ای بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش کلیه خانواده‌های شهر شیراز بود که حداقل یک فرزند آنها در سال 92ـ1391 خانه را ترک کرده بودند. نمونه‌ای به تعداد 75 خانواده شهری با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. داده‌های پژوهش با استفاده از پرسشنامۀ احساس تنهایی (راسل، 1980) و پرسشنامۀ سلامت عمومی (گلدبرگ، 1972) جمع‌آوری گردید. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون t گروههای وابسته و مستقل تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان اضطراب، افسردگی و احساس تنهایی والدین، پس از ترک خانه توسط فرزند(ان)، به شکل معناداری بیشتر بوده است (05/0≥P ). همچنین، مادران پس از ترک خانه توسط فرزندان، اضطراب، افسردگی و احساس تنهایی بیشتری، نسبت به پدران داشته‌اند (05/0≥P ). والدینی که تحصیلات بیشتری داشتند، اضطراب، افسردگی و احساس تنهایی کمتری را تجربه می‌کردند (05/0≥P ). به طور کلی، رابطه مثبت معناداری بین تعداد فرزندانی که خانه را ترک می‌کنند و میزان افسردگی، اضطراب، و احساس تنهایی در مادران وجود داشت (01/0 P < ).
The aim of the present research was to study the empty nest syndrome among parents before and after their youth(s) left home.The study was a causal-comparative research. Statistical population was all the family in the city of Shiraz that at least one of their children, left home in the year 2012-2013. A sample of 75 urban families were selected by simple random sampling. (GHQ, Goldberg, 1972) For gathering the data, Loneliness Scale (UCLA, Russell, 1980) and General Health Questionnaire level of were used. The data were analyzed by dependent and independent t-test. anxiety, depression and sense of loneliness were higher in both parents and anxiety, depression and sense of loneliness in mothers were higher compared to fathers and also parents with higher level of education had better psychological conditions and lower level of loneliness than parents with lower level of education after the youth(s) left home (P < 0.05). In addition, positive relationship was observed between the number of child(ren) moving out from parent’s house and the level of experienced depression, anxiety and sense of loneliness in mothers (P < 0.01).
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