تحلیل و ارزیابی کتاب‌های (فارسی، نگارش فارسی و علوم تجربی) دوره ابتدایی ازنظر میزان توجه به آموزش مهارت‌های ارتباطی و مقابله‌ای سازگارانه
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
1 - دکترای تخصصی مدیریت آموزشی و دانشجوی دکترای روان‌شناسی بالینی، گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، واحد بین‌المللی کیش، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جزیره کیش، ایران.
کلید واژه: دوره ابتدایی, کتاب‌های درسی فارسی, علوم تجربی, تحلیل محتوا, مهارت‌های ارتباطی و مقابله‌ای سازگارانه, نگارش فارسی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف، تحلیل محتوای کتاب‌های دوره ابتدایی، بر اساس مهارت‌های ارتباطی و مقابله‌ای سازگارانه است. پژوهش از نوع کیفی به روش تحلیل محتواست. میدان پژوهش، کتاب‌های فارسی، نگارش فارسی و علوم تجربی دوره آموزش ابتدایی (شش‌پایه) سال تحصیلی 99-1398 است. ابزار اندازه‌گیری، چک‌لیست محقق ساخته بر اساس پیشینه بوده که روایی آن با استفاده ازنظر صاحب‌نظران و پایایی آن با استفاده از روش اسکات (۵/۸۹) و تکنیک تکرارپذیری (پایایی بین کدگذاران)، بررسی و تأیید گردید. داده‌های حاصل از تحلیل محتوا با استفاده از مراحل سه‌گانه آنتروپی شانون مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. واحد تحلیل، عبارت است. بیشترین توجه با 182 فراوانی (32.6%) مربوط به مهارت توانایی برقراری روابط بین فردی سازگارانه و کمترین توجه با 108 بار (19.3%) مربوط به مهارت توانایی رویارویی با استرس‌ها است. سپس به ترتیب 148 بار (26.5%) به مهارت توانایی برقراری ارتباط مؤثر با دیگران و 120 بار (21.6%) به مهارت توانایی رویارویی با هیجان‌ها در کتاب‌های درسی دوره ابتدایی توجه شده است. در کتاب‌های فوق بیشترین ضریب اهمیت مربوط به مهارت توانایی برقراری ارتباط مؤثر با دیگران (1739/0) و کمترین ضریب اهمیت مربوط به توانایی رویارویی با استرس‌ها (1465/0) است. بیشترین توجه به مجموع مهارت‌ها مربوط به کتاب فارسی با 214 فراوانی (38.4%) وکمترین توجه مربوط به کتاب نگارش فارسی با 155 فراوانی (27.7%) است. با توجه به یافته‌ها نتیجه گرفته می‌شود که در کتاب‌های بررسی شده به آموزش مهارت‌های ارتباطی و مقابله‌ای سازگارانه پرداخته‌اند، اما بین میزان توجه به هر یک از مؤلفه‌های مهارت‌ها و در کتاب‌های مختلف تفاوت وجود دارد.
The goal is to analyze the content of elementary school textbooks based on Communication skills and adaptive coping. The research is of a qualitative type using the content analysis method. The research population is Persian books, Persian writing and experimental sciences. The measurement tool was a checklist made by the researcher based on the background whose validity was verified by experts and its reliability was verified by Scott method (89.5) and reproducibility technique (inter-coder reliability). The data from the content analysis were analyzed using the three Shannon entropy steps. The unit of analysis is the phrase. The highest attention with 182 frequencies (32.6%) is related to the skill of "ability to establish adaptive interpersonal relationships" and the lowest attention with 108 times (19.3%) is related to the skill of "ability to cope with stress". Then, 148 times (26.5%) the skill of "ability to communicate effectively with others" and 120 times (21.6%) the skill of "ability to cope with emotions" have been considered in elementary school textbooks, respectively. In the above books, the highest importance factor is related to the skill of "ability to communicate effectively with others" (0.1739) and the lowest importance factor is related to "ability to cope with stress" (0.1465). The most attention to the total life skills is related to the book "Persian" with 214 frequencies (38.4%) and the least attention to the total life skills is related to the book "Persian writing" with 155 frequencies (27.7%). Based on the findings, The reviewed books have taught adaptive coping and communication skills, but there is a difference between the amount of attention paid to each component of the skills and in different books.
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