مفهوم‌سازی برنامه درسی زائد در نظام آموزش عالی ایران
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسیسیده مریم حسینی لرگانی 1 , کوروش فتحی واجارگاه 2
1 - مؤسسه پژوهش و برنامه‌ریزی آموزش عالی، عضو هیئت‌علمی و مدیر گروه نوآوری‌های آموزشی و درسی
2 - استاد برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: مفهوم‌سازی, نظریه داده بنیاد, برنامه درسی زائد و نظام آموزش عالی,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف مفهوم‌سازی برنامه درسی ناکارآمد (زائد) در نظام آموزش عالی ایران انجام شده است. پارادایم حاکم بر مطالعه حاضر کیفی و با استفاده از روش تحقیق داده بنیاد انجام شده است. حوزة مورد مطالعه این پژوهش شامل صاحب‌نظران برنامه درسی و نظام آموزش عالی ایران است که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند با 21 نفر صاحب‌نظر مصاحبه شد. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختارمند بود که با این تعداد نمونه اشباع تئوریک در داده‌ها حاصل شد. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها در قالب مدل پارادایم اشتراوس و کوربین انجام گرفت. جمعاً 103 کد باز، 18 کد محوری و 6 کد انتخابی از مصاحبه‌های صورت گرفته در طی سه مرحله کدگذاری شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که مهم‌ترین عوامل علی، مداخله‌گر، زمینه‌ای، راهبردها و پیامد به ترتیب عبارت است از: انگیزة کم در بین استادان و دانشجویان، حضور طراحان و برنامه‌ریزان در تدوین برنامه درسی با رویکرد سلیقه‌ای، سیاست‌های تمرکزگرایانه و عرضه‌محور، دانش‌محور نبودن اقتصاد کشور، مسئله‌محور نبودن برنامه‌های درسی و اختصاص بودجه ناکافی، افزایش نرخ بیکاری به‌ویژه در بین دانش‌آموختگان، نیروی انسانی ناکارآمد، فرار مغزها و کاهش بی‌اعتمادی به آموزش عالی از جمله یافته‌های این مطالعه بود.
This study aims to conceptualize the curriculum inefficient (scraped) in Iran's higher education system. The paradigm of the study is qualitative and used grounded research method. The study population consisted of experts in curriculum and system of higher education, which by using of Targeted sampling, 21 experts were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews used to collect data that with this numbers the theoretical saturated sample achieved. Analysis of the data was carried in the paradigmatic model. A total of 103 open, 18 axials and 6 selected codes from conducted interviews in three stages obtained. The results of this study indicate that the most important causative, interveners, backgrounds factors, strategies, and outcomes are respectively: low motivated students, biased approach curriculum designers, centralized and Supply based policies, Lack of knowledge-based market, not issue-centered curriculum and inadequate budget allocation, rising unemployment rates, especially among graduates, inefficient human resources, brain drain and reduced distrust to higher education.
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