تحلیل کمی جهت گیری و شاخص تناسبات ساختمان اداری با هدف بهره گیری حداکثر از تهویه طبیعی در جهت کاهش مصرف انرژی (مطالعه موردی: شهر رشت)
محورهای موضوعی : معماری و شهرسازی و سکونتگاههای انسانی
سیده حدیثه صدیق ضیابری
1
(دانشجوی دکتری معماری، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
حسن ذوالفقار زاده
2
(گروه معماری- دانشکده معماری و شهر سازی- دانشگاه بین الملل امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران)
فرزانه اسدی ملک جهان
3
(استادیار گروه معماری، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
سیده مامک صلواتیان
4
(استادیار گروه معماری، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
کلید واژه: جهت گیری ساختمان, تهویه طبیعی, انرژی مصرفی سالانه, تناسبات پلان, نرم افزار دیزاین بیلدر,
چکیده مقاله :
با در نظر گرفتن اقلیم منطقه، طراحی ابعاد و تناسبات پلان بنا و قرارگیری مناسب ساختمان، سبب کاهش بار حرارتی، برودتی و بهبود برخورداری ساختمان از تهویه طبیعی می گردد. در این مقاله یک نمونه موردی ساختمان اداری در اقلیم معتدل و مرطوب شهر رشت با نرم افزار Designbuilder 5.4 شبیه سازی و مقادیر تهویه طبیعی و انرژی مصرفی کل سالانه آن محاسبه می شوند. هدف، تحلیل وضعیت موجود، ارائه پیشنهاد بهبود رفتار تهویه- انرژی مصرفی بر اساس تناسبات پلان، جهت گیری و ارائه الگوهایی جهت طراحی ساختمانهای اداری در اقلیم معتدل و مرطوب است. بر این اساس ساختمان مورد مطالعه در 7 جهت مختلف جنوبی، 45، 30 و 15 درجه جنوب شرقی و غربی شبیه سازی و مقادیر تهویه و انرژی مصرفی سالانه محاسبه می شوند. در مرحله بعد با پیشنهاد تغییر شاخص تناسبات پلان ساختمان مورد مطالعه از 2:3 به 1:3، 1:2 و 1:1 ، شبیه سازی هر یک به ازای 7 جهت مورد نظر انجام می شود. کمترین میزان انرژی مصرفی کل سالانه ساختمان با شاخص تناسب1:3 و جهت گیری شمالی-جنوبی و بیشترین مقدار تهویه طبیعی نیز با همین شاخص تناسب در جهت گیری 30 درجه جنوب غربی و جنوب شرقی حاصل می گردد. همچنین با هدف تحلیل کمی مقایسه ای شاخص های تغییر تهویه و انرژی مصرفی به ازای تغییر جهت برای چهار شاخص تناسب محاسبه می شوند. بیشترین شاخص تهویه به ازای کمترین شاخص رشد انرژی مصرفی در شاخص تناسب 1:2 به ازای زاویه 15 درجه جنوب شرقی و غربی حاصل می شود.
Considering the region's climate, designing the dimensions and proportions of plans and proper location of buildings reduce the thermal and cooling load, and improve natural ventilation of buildings. Accordingly, in this paper, an office building in the temperate and humid climate of Rasht was simulated using DesignBuilder 5.4, and the natural ventilation and total annual energy consumption were calculated. The aim of the study was to analyze the existing situation, propose methods to improve the ventilation-energy consumption behavior based on plan proportions, orientation, and, present models to design office buildings in temperate and humid climates. Therefore, the building was simulated in seven different orientations, namely south, 45, 30 and 15-degree southeast, and west, and the values of ventilation and annual energy consumption were calculated. Then, it was proposed to adjust building plan proportions from 2:3 to 1:3, 1:2, and 1:1, to simulate each proportion for 7 different orientations. The lowest total annual energy consumption was observed in a building with a 1:3 proportion and north-south orientation, and the highest natural ventilation with the same proportion was obtained in 30-degree southwest and southeast orientations. Furthermore, changes of ventilation and energy consumption indices were calculated for the changes in four proportions in order to conduct a comparative quantitative analysis. The highest ventilation index was obtained for the lowest energy consumption growth index in 1:2 proportion for 15-degree southeast, and west orientation.
Bayoumi.M. (2017), Impacts of window opening grade on improving the energy efficiency of a façade in hot climates, Building and Environment, 04.008
Carroll. D. (1982). Energy Consumption and Conservation in buildings: An International Comparison. Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Energy Conservation in the Building Environment, vol. IA, CIB/An Foras Forbartha, Dublin, s. 190-203.
Demrati. H., Boulard. T., Bekkaoui. A., Bouirden. L., Natural Ventilation and Microclimatic Performance of a Large-scale Banana Greenhouse; J. agric. Engng Res. (2001) 80 (3), 261-271doi:10.1006/jaer.2001.0740
Farasati. F., Mozaffar. F., Nasrollahi. F., Molaei Hashjin. N., (2017). Environmental Quality Analysis of Interior Spaces for Local Housing in Mountainous Regions of Guilan with an Emphasis on Thermal Comfort (The Case Study: Dowsaledeh Village, Rudbar), Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning (JSHSP), Volume12 (In persion)
Fergus. N, Humphreys. M, (2002). "Adaptive thermal comfort and Sustainable thermal standard for building, Energy and Building, 34(6),563- 572.
Ghiabaklou.Z. Fundamentals of Building Physics4 (Passive Cooling),(2016), Amirkabir University,Tehran,Iran (In persion)
Ghobadian. V. (2000). Climate Analysis of The Traditional Iranian Buidings, University of Tehran Press, p:42 (In persion)
HosseinAbadi. S., Lashkari. H., Salmani Moqadam. M., (2012),Climatic Design of Residential Building of Sabzevar with Emphasis on Building Orientation and Depth of Canopy, Geography And Development Iranian Journal,Volum 10,Issue27, 103-116.(In persion)
Kasmai.M. Edited: Ahmadinezhad. M., (2010), Clamate &Architecure, Esfehan, nashr khak. (In persion)
Mahdavinejad. M., Ghasempourabadi. M., H.Ghaedi, The Role of Form Compositions in Energy Consumption of High rise Buildings (Case Study: Iran, Tehran), Advanced Materials Research, (2012) Vols.488 - 489, pp 181 -175.
Mahmoudi. M., pourmosa. M., (2010)."Wind Energy Potential Evaluation and Its Fundamental Role in Air Conditioning and Humidity Annihilation", Case study: Rasht county (Golsar Region), Armanshahr Architecture Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, Summer, 147-156.(In persion)
Pan.S, Xu.C, Wei.S, Hassan.T.M, Xie.L, Xiong. Y. (2015). A research on window behavior of an office building in Beijing. Building Science, 31 (10) 212-217.
Pathirana. Sh., Rodrigo. A., Halwatura, R., (2019). Effect of building shape, orientation, window to wall ratios and zones on energy efficiency and thermal comfort of naturally ventilated houses in tropical climate, International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Volume 10, Issue 1, pp 107–120, DOI:org/10.1007/s40095-018-0295-3
PChung. L., Ahmad. M.H., Ossen. D.R., Hamid. M. (2014). Effective solar chimney cross section ventilation performance in Malaysia terraced house. International Conference Green Architecture for Sustanable Living and Environment (GASLE), p: 29.
Prajongsan. P., Sharples. S., (2012). Enhancing natural ventilation, thermal comfort and energy savings in high-rise residential buildings in Bangkok through the use of ventilation shafts, Building and Environment 50 , 104-113
Razjouyan. M. (2009) .Comfort Design with Climate, Tehran, University of shahid beheshti (In persion)
Siewa. C.C., Che-Anib. A.I, Tawilb. N.M., Abdullahb. N.A.G., Mohd-Tahirb. M., (2011).Classification of Natural Ventilation Strategies in Optimizing Energy Consumption in Malaysian Office Buildings, The 2nd International Building Control Conference, 363 – 371
Taban. M., Pourjafa. M., Bemanian. M., Heidari. SH. (2012)."Climate Impact on Architecture Ornament Analyzing the Shadow of Khavoon in Dezful Historical Context with the Use of Image Processing, Naghshejahan, 2(3),79- 90(In persion)
Toutou. A. M.Y. (2019). Parametric Approach for Multi-Objective Optimization for Daylighting and Energy Consumption in Early Stage Design of Office Tower in New Administrative Capital City of Egypt, International Journal The Academic Research Community Publication,DOI: 10.21625/archive.v3i1.426
Vakilinezhad. R. (2013). Effect Of Building Envelope And Ventilation Patterns On Energy Consumption Of Residential Buildings (Case Study: Buildings With Single –Sided Ventilation In Hot And Dry Climate Of Shiraz),Thesis submitted in Partial Ful Fillment Of Philosophy In Architecture,Iran University Of Science And Technology Faculty Of Architecture And Urbanism (In persion)
_||_Bayoumi.M. (2017), Impacts of window opening grade on improving the energy efficiency of a façade in hot climates, Building and Environment, 04.008
Carroll. D. (1982). Energy Consumption and Conservation in buildings: An International Comparison. Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Energy Conservation in the Building Environment, vol. IA, CIB/An Foras Forbartha, Dublin, s. 190-203.
Demrati. H., Boulard. T., Bekkaoui. A., Bouirden. L., Natural Ventilation and Microclimatic Performance of a Large-scale Banana Greenhouse; J. agric. Engng Res. (2001) 80 (3), 261-271doi:10.1006/jaer.2001.0740
Farasati. F., Mozaffar. F., Nasrollahi. F., Molaei Hashjin. N., (2017). Environmental Quality Analysis of Interior Spaces for Local Housing in Mountainous Regions of Guilan with an Emphasis on Thermal Comfort (The Case Study: Dowsaledeh Village, Rudbar), Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning (JSHSP), Volume12 (In persion)
Fergus. N, Humphreys. M, (2002). "Adaptive thermal comfort and Sustainable thermal standard for building, Energy and Building, 34(6),563- 572.
Ghiabaklou.Z. Fundamentals of Building Physics4 (Passive Cooling),(2016), Amirkabir University,Tehran,Iran (In persion)
Ghobadian. V. (2000). Climate Analysis of The Traditional Iranian Buidings, University of Tehran Press, p:42 (In persion)
HosseinAbadi. S., Lashkari. H., Salmani Moqadam. M., (2012),Climatic Design of Residential Building of Sabzevar with Emphasis on Building Orientation and Depth of Canopy, Geography And Development Iranian Journal,Volum 10,Issue27, 103-116.(In persion)
Kasmai.M. Edited: Ahmadinezhad. M., (2010), Clamate &Architecure, Esfehan, nashr khak. (In persion)
Mahdavinejad. M., Ghasempourabadi. M., H.Ghaedi, The Role of Form Compositions in Energy Consumption of High rise Buildings (Case Study: Iran, Tehran), Advanced Materials Research, (2012) Vols.488 - 489, pp 181 -175.
Mahmoudi. M., pourmosa. M., (2010)."Wind Energy Potential Evaluation and Its Fundamental Role in Air Conditioning and Humidity Annihilation", Case study: Rasht county (Golsar Region), Armanshahr Architecture Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, Summer, 147-156.(In persion)
Pan.S, Xu.C, Wei.S, Hassan.T.M, Xie.L, Xiong. Y. (2015). A research on window behavior of an office building in Beijing. Building Science, 31 (10) 212-217.
Pathirana. Sh., Rodrigo. A., Halwatura, R., (2019). Effect of building shape, orientation, window to wall ratios and zones on energy efficiency and thermal comfort of naturally ventilated houses in tropical climate, International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Volume 10, Issue 1, pp 107–120, DOI:org/10.1007/s40095-018-0295-3
PChung. L., Ahmad. M.H., Ossen. D.R., Hamid. M. (2014). Effective solar chimney cross section ventilation performance in Malaysia terraced house. International Conference Green Architecture for Sustanable Living and Environment (GASLE), p: 29.
Prajongsan. P., Sharples. S., (2012). Enhancing natural ventilation, thermal comfort and energy savings in high-rise residential buildings in Bangkok through the use of ventilation shafts, Building and Environment 50 , 104-113
Razjouyan. M. (2009) .Comfort Design with Climate, Tehran, University of shahid beheshti (In persion)
Siewa. C.C., Che-Anib. A.I, Tawilb. N.M., Abdullahb. N.A.G., Mohd-Tahirb. M., (2011).Classification of Natural Ventilation Strategies in Optimizing Energy Consumption in Malaysian Office Buildings, The 2nd International Building Control Conference, 363 – 371
Taban. M., Pourjafa. M., Bemanian. M., Heidari. SH. (2012)."Climate Impact on Architecture Ornament Analyzing the Shadow of Khavoon in Dezful Historical Context with the Use of Image Processing, Naghshejahan, 2(3),79- 90(In persion)
Toutou. A. M.Y. (2019). Parametric Approach for Multi-Objective Optimization for Daylighting and Energy Consumption in Early Stage Design of Office Tower in New Administrative Capital City of Egypt, International Journal The Academic Research Community Publication,DOI: 10.21625/archive.v3i1.426
Vakilinezhad. R. (2013). Effect Of Building Envelope And Ventilation Patterns On Energy Consumption Of Residential Buildings (Case Study: Buildings With Single –Sided Ventilation In Hot And Dry Climate Of Shiraz),Thesis submitted in Partial Ful Fillment Of Philosophy In Architecture,Iran University Of Science And Technology Faculty Of Architecture And Urbanism (In persion)