برنامه‌ریزی توسعه کالبدی فضای سبز شهری با تأکید بر عامل دسترسی (مطالعه موردی: شهر بابل)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
رضا لحمیان
1
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران)
کلید واژه: دسترسی, مکان‌یابی, توسعه کالبدی, فضاهای سبز شهری, تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی,
چکیده مقاله :
علاقه به پارک های شهری در پی رشد جمعیت شهری شروع شده و در سال های اخیر، توجه به پایداری پارک ها در رابطه با مسائل اجتماعی و زیست محیطی مطرح شد. علاوه بر ارائه ارزش زیبایی شناسی و تفریحی پارک ها، این پارک ها نقشی اساسی در توسعه اقتصادی، بهبود سلامت عمومی، ایجاد فرصت های شغلی و ایجاد خودکفایی در استفاده از منابع طبیعی دارد، که در همه این عوامل، عنصر دسترسی یکی از مهم ترین ابعادی است که در این زمینه مطرح می باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر برنامه ریزی توسعه کالبدی فضای سبز شهری با تأکید بر عامل دسترسی شهر بابل می‌باشد. از طریق مطالعات و برداشت‌های میدانی شاخص‌ها جمع‌آوری شده و در ادامه با بهره‌گیری از مدل تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی اقدام به ترکیب متغیرها و سهم هر یک در تبیین میزان دسترسی پارک‌های درون شهری به تفکیک محلات شد. سپس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار GIS و روش مکان‌یابی، فضاهای سبز جدید بر اساس نیاز شهروندان و جهت رفع کمبود سرانه فضای سبز در شهر بابل ارائه گردیده است. پژوهش نشان می دهد که عمده‌ترین پیش‌نیازهای توسعه فضاهای سبز شامل؛ آگاه کردن مدیران و مسئولان میانی شهرداری‌ها در خصوص منافع فضاهای سبز، لزوم مشارکت همه مردم در اهمیت مسائل کیفیت محیط زیست شهری و دسترسی به تجهیزات موردنیاز فضاهای سبز می باشد.
Interest in urban parks has begun as a result of urban population growth and in recent years, attention has been paid to the sustainability of parks in relation to social and environmental issues. In addition to providing aesthetic and recreational value to parks, these parks also play a key role in economic development, improving public health, creating job opportunities and creating self-sufficiency in natural resources, in all of these factors, the access element is one of the most important dimensions in this regard. The objective of this study is physical development planning of urban green spaces with an emphasis on the accessibility factor of Babol city. Through surveys and field observations, the indexes were collected and next, using the hierarchical analysis model, combination of the variables and share of each one in explaining the availability of the access of urban parks separated from neighborhoods were done. Then, using GIS software and location method, new green spaces are proposed based on the needs of citizens and to address the per capita green spaces in Babol. The study shew that the main prerequisites for the development of green spaces are the awareness of managers and intermediate authorities of the municipalities about the benefits of green spaces, the need for all people to participate in the importance of urban environmental quality issues and access to the equipment needed for green spaces.
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Amirfakhrian, M., Khakpour, B.A., & Danaei, M., Tavangar, M. (2011). Investigating and analyzing the role of social functions of urban parks based on the location and general conditions of the area, the study sample of the first and sixth municipalities of Mashhad. Geographic space publication, 12 (40), 190-211. (In Persian)
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Bahram Soltani, K. (2005). Grounds for Urban Green Space Architecture. Tehran: Center for Urban Studies and Research. (In Persian)
California State Parks. (2004). innovative practices: case studies, 1 (32), 1-15.
Ghorbani, R. (2008). Evaluation of park deficiency in Tabriz urban areas using per capita method - Park and Buffering method. Journal of Sufeh, 17 (47), 109-120. (In Persian)
Ghorbani, R., &Teymouri, R. (2009). An Analysis on the Role of Urban Parks in Improving the Quality of City Life Using the Seeking-Escaping Pattern, Case Study: Tabriz Urban Parks. Journal of Human Geography Research, 42 (72), 47-61. (In Persian)
Majnounian H. (1995). Discussions about parks, green spaces and promenades. Tehran: parks and green spaces in Tehran. (In Persian)
Mohammadi, M., & Parhizgar, A.Ar. (2009). Analysis of spatial distribution and location of urban parks using GIS (Case Study: District 2 of Zahedan City). Urban Management Quarterly, 7 (23), 17-27. (In Persian)
Nahibi, S., & Hasandokht, M.S. (2014). Investigating the Effect of Urban Green Space on Improving Quality of Urban Life (Case Study: Shi'an District). Sustainability, Development and Environment, 1 (1), 51-70. (In Persian)
Nicholls, S. (2001). Measuring the accessibility and equity of public parks: a case study using GIS. Managing Leisure, 6, 201-219.
Peier Moureh, J. (1994). Urban Spaces – Design and Management. Translated by Rezaei. H & Interior Ministry.
Pourahmad, A. (2009). Management of urban green space in the 9th district of Tehran. Human Geography Research, 41 (69), 29-50. (In Persian)
Roustaei, Sh., & Teymouri, R. (2015). Evaluation of the level of compatibility and utility of neighborhood parks using GIS. Case study: Neighborhood Parks in District 2 of Tabriz Municipality. Journal of Space Geography, Journal of Golestan University, 6 (15), 1-12. (In Persian)
Saeidnia, A. (2013). Urban Green Space, Green Book of Municipalities. Vol. 9, Publications of the Organization of Municipalities and Dignitaries of the Country. (In Persian)
Shakouei, H. (1979). Urban Environment. Tabriz, Tabriz University Press. (In Persian)
Thi Hoa Binh,T., & Minh, Y.T. (2002). Application of Remote Sensing Technology and GIS for Planning and Managing Urban Greenspaces of Hanoi. department of Remote Sensing Technology & GIS, Institute Of Technology of Vietnam.
Varesi, H.R., Mohammadi, J., & Shahivandi, A. (2008). Locating Green City Space Using Geographic Information System (Case: Khorramabad City). Geography and Regional Development Magazine, Mashhad, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 6 (10), 83-103. (In Persian)
Varesi, H.R., Taghvaei, M., & Sharifi, N. (2015). Spatial Analysis and Optimal Locating of Urban Green Spaces (Case Study: Najaf Abad City). Journal of Urban Planning Research, 6 (21), 83-103. (In Persian)
Yang, M. (2003). Suitability Analysis of Urban Green Space System Based on GIS. Internation al Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation Enschede, the Netherlands.
_||_Alavi, S. A., Bagheri Kashkouli, A., Cheraghi, R., & Lorestani, A. (2014). Evaluation of spatial suitability of urban parks using GIS, Case study: Parks in District 5 of Tehran Municipality. Geography and Development Magazine, 13 (40), 91-108.(In Persian)
Amirfakhrian, M., Khakpour, B.A., & Danaei, M., Tavangar, M. (2011). Investigating and analyzing the role of social functions of urban parks based on the location and general conditions of the area, the study sample of the first and sixth municipalities of Mashhad. Geographic space publication, 12 (40), 190-211. (In Persian)
Bahmanpour, H. (2009). Environmental Considerations and Sports Activities in Metropolises with Emphasis on the Importance of Urban Green Spaces, Comprehensive Human Sciences Portal, Physical Education, 10 (1), 24-29. (In Persian)
Bahram Soltani, K. (2005). Grounds for Urban Green Space Architecture. Tehran: Center for Urban Studies and Research. (In Persian)
California State Parks. (2004). innovative practices: case studies, 1 (32), 1-15.
Ghorbani, R. (2008). Evaluation of park deficiency in Tabriz urban areas using per capita method - Park and Buffering method. Journal of Sufeh, 17 (47), 109-120. (In Persian)
Ghorbani, R., &Teymouri, R. (2009). An Analysis on the Role of Urban Parks in Improving the Quality of City Life Using the Seeking-Escaping Pattern, Case Study: Tabriz Urban Parks. Journal of Human Geography Research, 42 (72), 47-61. (In Persian)
Majnounian H. (1995). Discussions about parks, green spaces and promenades. Tehran: parks and green spaces in Tehran. (In Persian)
Mohammadi, M., & Parhizgar, A.Ar. (2009). Analysis of spatial distribution and location of urban parks using GIS (Case Study: District 2 of Zahedan City). Urban Management Quarterly, 7 (23), 17-27. (In Persian)
Nahibi, S., & Hasandokht, M.S. (2014). Investigating the Effect of Urban Green Space on Improving Quality of Urban Life (Case Study: Shi'an District). Sustainability, Development and Environment, 1 (1), 51-70. (In Persian)
Nicholls, S. (2001). Measuring the accessibility and equity of public parks: a case study using GIS. Managing Leisure, 6, 201-219.
Peier Moureh, J. (1994). Urban Spaces – Design and Management. Translated by Rezaei. H & Interior Ministry.
Pourahmad, A. (2009). Management of urban green space in the 9th district of Tehran. Human Geography Research, 41 (69), 29-50. (In Persian)
Roustaei, Sh., & Teymouri, R. (2015). Evaluation of the level of compatibility and utility of neighborhood parks using GIS. Case study: Neighborhood Parks in District 2 of Tabriz Municipality. Journal of Space Geography, Journal of Golestan University, 6 (15), 1-12. (In Persian)
Saeidnia, A. (2013). Urban Green Space, Green Book of Municipalities. Vol. 9, Publications of the Organization of Municipalities and Dignitaries of the Country. (In Persian)
Shakouei, H. (1979). Urban Environment. Tabriz, Tabriz University Press. (In Persian)
Thi Hoa Binh,T., & Minh, Y.T. (2002). Application of Remote Sensing Technology and GIS for Planning and Managing Urban Greenspaces of Hanoi. department of Remote Sensing Technology & GIS, Institute Of Technology of Vietnam.
Varesi, H.R., Mohammadi, J., & Shahivandi, A. (2008). Locating Green City Space Using Geographic Information System (Case: Khorramabad City). Geography and Regional Development Magazine, Mashhad, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 6 (10), 83-103. (In Persian)
Varesi, H.R., Taghvaei, M., & Sharifi, N. (2015). Spatial Analysis and Optimal Locating of Urban Green Spaces (Case Study: Najaf Abad City). Journal of Urban Planning Research, 6 (21), 83-103. (In Persian)
Yang, M. (2003). Suitability Analysis of Urban Green Space System Based on GIS. Internation al Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation Enschede, the Netherlands.