بررسی رابطه بین ذهن‌آگاهی با نشخوار فکری و تحمل پریشانی با نقش واسطه‌ای تنظیم شناختی هیجان در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری-عملی
محورهای موضوعی : روش ها و مدل های روانشناختی
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کلید واژه: ذهن آگاهی, نشخوار فکری, تحمل پریشانی, تنظیم شناختی هیجان, اختلال وسواس.,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: اختلال وسواس فکری-عملی یکی از اختلالات شایع روانشناختی است که اغلب با نشخوار فکری و کاهش تحمل پریشانی همراه است. ذهن‌آگاهی و تنظیم شناختی هیجان می‌توانند در تبیین این متغیرها نقش مؤثری داشته باشند؛ بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی رابطه ذهن‌آگاهی با نشخوار فکری و تحمل پریشانی با در نظر گرفتن نقش واسطه‌ای تنظیم شناختی هیجان در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری ـ عملی میباشد.
روش: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف بنیادی و از لحاظ روش، توصیفی ـ همبستگی بود. جامعه پژوهش شامل بیماران مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری ـ عملی در شهر شیراز در سال 1403 بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند 200 نفر (72 مرد و 128 زن) با دامنه سنی ۱۸ تا ۶۰ سال انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای گردآوری داده‌ها عبارت بودند از: مقیاس ذهن‌آگاهی براون و رایان (2003)، پرسشنامه نشخوار فکری موریسون و اوکانر (2008)، پرسشنامه تحمل پریشانی سیمونز و گاهر (2005) و پرسشنامه تنظیم شناختی هیجان گارنفسکی و همکاران (2001). داده‌ها با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون خطی چندگانه به روش همزمان در نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS-22 و همچنین با بهره‌گیری از مدل معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزار AMOS-20 برای تحلیل مسیر مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد ترکیب خطی ذهن‌آگاهی، سبک‌های سازگار و ناسازگار تنظیم شناختی هیجان قادر به پیش‌بینی نشخوار فکری و تحمل پریشانی است. ذهن‌آگاهی بر تحمل پریشانی هم اثر مستقیم مثبت(201/0=β) و هم اثر غیرمستقیم مثبت (104/0=β) از طریق سبک‌های تنظیم شناختی هیجان داشت. همچنین ذهن‌آگاهی بر نشخوار فکری تنها اثر غیرمستقیم منفی (120/0-=β) از طریق سبک‌های تنظیم شناختی هیجان نشان داد.
نتیجهگیری: با توجه به یافتهها ذهن‌آگاهی با ارتقای راهبردهای سازگار تنظیم شناختی هیجان و کاهش راهبردهای ناسازگار، می‌تواند نقش مهمی در کاهش نشخوار فکری و افزایش تحمل پریشانی در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری ـ عملی ایفا کند. بنابراین، آموزش و تقویت مهارت‌های ذهن‌آگاهی و تنظیم شناختی هیجان می‌تواند در مداخلات درمانی این بیماران مؤثر واقع شود.
Introduction: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common psychological disorders, often accompanied by rumination and low distress tolerance. Mindfulness and cognitive emotion regulation may play an important role in explaining these variables. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between mindfulness, rumination, and distress tolerance, considering the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in patients with OCD.
Methods: The present research was fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive–correlational in terms of method. The study population consisted of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) in Shiraz in 2024, from whom 200 individuals (72 men and 128 women) aged 18 to 60 years were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Brown & Ryan, 2003), Rumination Scale (Morrison & O’Connor, 2008), Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005), and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski, Kraaij, & Spinhoven, 2001). The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression with the enter method in SPSS-22, as well as structural equation modeling (SEM) with path analysis in AMOS-20.
Findings: Findings indicated that a linear combination of mindfulness, adaptive, and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies could predict rumination and distress tolerance. Mindfulness had both a direct positive effect (β=0.201) and an indirect positive effect (β=0.104) on distress tolerance through adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Moreover, mindfulness had only an indirect negative effect (β=-0.120) on rumination through cognitive emotion regulation strategies.
Conclusion: The results suggest that mindfulness, by enhancing adaptive and reducing maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, can play a significant role in decreasing rumination and increasing distress tolerance among patients with OCD. Therefore, training and strengthening mindfulness and cognitive emotion regulation skills may be effective components in therapeutic interventions for these patients.
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