تاثیر طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه بر خودتمایز یافتگی در افراد وابسته به مواد: یک بررسی تجربی
محورهای موضوعی : روش ها و مدل های روانشناختی
1 - گروه روانشناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: انزوای اجتماعی/بیگانگی, بی‌اعتمادی/بدرفتاری, محرومیت هیجانی, خودتمایزیافتگی.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: درک عوامل روانشناختی مؤثر بر خودتمایزیافتگی در افراد وابسته به مواد ضروری است، به ویژه با توجه به شیوع روزافزون اعتیاد و اثرات مخرب آن بر زندگی فردی و اجتماعی. این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه بر خودتمایزیافتگی در افراد وابسته به مواد پرداخته است.
روش: پژوهش حاضر مقطعی و توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی افراد وابسته به مواد خودمعرفی بود که در سال ۱۴۰۲ به مراکز درمان سوء‌مصرف مواد غرب تهران مراجعه کردند. حجم نمونه ۳۰۰ نفر برآورد شد که با در نظر گرفتن افت آزمودنی‌ها به ۳۵۰ نفر رسید. ابزار اندازه‌گیری شامل پرسشنامه‌های طرحواره‌های ناسازگار اولیه و خودتمایزیافتگی بود. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از همبستگی پیرسون و آنالیز رگرسیون خطی چندگانه در سطوح معنی‌داری 01/0 و 05/0 درصد انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که طرحواره‌های انزوای اجتماعی/بیگانگی (-0.924)، بی‌اعتمادی/بدرفتاری (-0.905)، محرومیت هیجانی (-0.803)، نقص/شرم (-0.776)، بازداری هیجانی (-0.771)، اطاعت (-0.759) و شکست (-0.743) دارای همبستگی منفی معنی‌دار با خودتمایزیافتگی بودند (p<0.01). همچنین، طرحواره‌های وابستگی/بی‌کفایتی (-0.716)، آسیب‌پذیری نسبت به ضرر یا بیماری (-0.703) و رهاشدگی/بی‌ثباتی (-0.664) هم همبستگی معنی‌دار منفی نشان دادند (p<0.05). نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که این طرحواره‌ها قابلیت پیش‌بینی خودتمایزیافتگی را دارند و 72 درصد از واریانس آن را توجیه می‌کنند.
نتیجه‌گیری: یافتههای پژوهش حاضر نشان داد طرحواره‌های انزوای اجتماعی/بیگانگی، بی‌اعتمادی/بدرفتاری و محرومیت هیجانی بیشترین تاثیر منفی را بر روی خودتمایز یافتگی افراد وابسته به مواد دارند.
Background and Purpose: Understanding the psychological factors affecting self-differentiation in individuals with substance abuse is vital, especially given the rising prevalence of addiction and its detrimental effects on social life. This study aimed to investigate the impact of maladaptive schemas on self-differentiation among individuals with substance abuse.
Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive correlational study included all self-identified individuals with substance abuse who sought treatment at substance abuse treatment centers in western Tehran in 2023. The target sample size was 300, based on Morgan's Table. Considering potential dropouts, a total of 350 individuals was recruited. Measurement tools included questionnaires for maladaptive schemas and self-differentiation. Data analysis utilized Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression at significance levels of 0.01 and 0.05.
Findings: The schemas of social isolation/alienation (-0.924), mistrust/abuse (-0.905), emotional deprivation (-0.803), defectiveness/shame (-0.776), emotional inhibition (-0.771), subjugation (-0.759), and failure (-0.743) exhibited a significant negative correlation with self-differentiation (p<0.01). Conversely, the schemas of dependence/incompetence (-0.716), vulnerability to harm or illness (-0.703), and abandonment/instability (-0.664) also showed a significant negative correlation (p<0.05). Regression analysis revealed that the identified schemas had predictive values for self-differentiation with coefficients ranging from -0.346 to -0.171. The coefficient of determination was 0.853, indicating that these eleven schemas accounted for 72 percent of the variance in self-differentiation.
Conclusion: The findings highlight that social isolation/alienation, mistrust/abuse, and emotional deprivation significantly hinder self-differentiation in individuals exhibiting substance abuse behaviors.
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