هویت اخلاقی: شناسایی و سنجش روایی رگههای اخلاقی
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی تحولی
زهره مجدآبادی فراهانی
1
(استادیار دانشگاه پیام نور)
کلید واژه: دانشجویان, هویت اخلاقی, رگههای اخلاقی, سنجش روایی,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور دستیابی به هدف ساخت یک مقیاس هویت اخلاقی در دانشجویان عمدتاً بر اساس الگوی آکینو و رید (2002)، در این پژوهش دو مطالعة مقدماتی اجرا شد. در مطالعة اول برای شناخت رگههای اخلاقی، 122 دانشجو (56 درصد زن) در یک تکلیف فهرست آزاد که از آنها خواسته شده بود ویژگیهای یک شخص اخلاقی را فهرست کنند، شرکت کردند. تحلیل محتوای پاسخها با درنظر گرفتن پنج معیار (هاردی و دیگران، 2011) به 26 رگة غیرزائد منجر شد. در نمونة متفاوتی از مطالعة اول مشتمل بر 217 دانشجو (58 درصد زن) برای دستیابی به شواهد بیشتری از روایی این رگهها، آنها از ابداً لازم نیست (یک) تا مسلماً لازم است (پنج) درجهبندی شدند. نتایج نشان دادند 24 رگه بالای میانگین مقیاس، درجهبندی شدهاند. بررسی نتایج زنان و مردان دانشجو به شناسایی 9 رگهای که بالاترین درجهبندی را در هر دو جنس داشتند، منجر شد: باادب، قابل اعتماد، صادق، دارای احترام به خود، منطقی، وفادار، عادل، باایمان و صبور. این 9 رگه به عنوان محرکهای فراخوانندة هویت برای ساخت مقیاس هویت اخلاقی در دانشجویان درنظر گرفته شدند. در مورد مضامین یافتهها بحث شد.
In order to construct a moral identity scale primarily based on Aquino and Reed (2002) model, two pilot studies were conducted. The first study aimed to identify moral traits among college students. One hundred and twenty two students (56% females) participated in a free-listing task. The participants were asked to list characteristics that a moral person possessed. A content analysis of the traits based on five criteria (Hardy et al, 2011) resulted in 26 non-redundant traits. In order to obtain further evidence that these 26 traits had sufficient content validity, in a sample different from the first study 217 students (58% females) were asked to rate each trait using a scale ranging from 1(absolutely unnecessary) to 5 (absolutely necessary). The results indicated that 24 traits were judged to be above the midpoint of the scale. Investigating the results of females and males students led to identification of nine traits that had the highest ratings: polite, trustworthy, honest, self-respect, rational, loyal, fair, religious, and patient. These nine traits were considered as identity-invoking stimuli for constructing moral identity scale. The implications of the findings were discussed.
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