Investigating the Role of Interpersonal Grammatical Metaphor in Scientific and Literary Texts of Azeri Turkish: A Comparative Study Based on Halliday’s Framework
Masoumeh Pournazmi Sis
1
(
Department of Linguistics, Ah. C., Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
)
Masoud Zoghi
2
(
Department of Linguistics, Ah. C., Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
)
Nader Asadi
3
(
Department of Linguistics, Ah. C., Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
)
Keywords: Grammatical Metaphor, Interpersonal Metaphor, Mood, Modality,
Abstract :
Language, as the main tool of human communication, has diverse structures and features that play an important role in the transmission of meaning and social interactions. One of the important approaches in language analysis is functional grammar or systemic functional grammar, which examines how language functions in different situations. In this framework, grammatical metaphor is considered as one of the key concepts that can play an important role in shaping and representing meanings in different texts. Halliday introduced and distinguished three types of grammatical metaphors, including ideational, interpersonal, and textual metaphors. In this study, the extent and way of using grammatical metaphors in literary and scientific texts in the Azeri language from an interpersonal perspective was investigated. For this purpose, the analytical-descriptive research method was used. In this study, for the scientific genre, the book "Dil and Dilchilik" by Ali Dashkin and for the literary genre, selected articles from the magazine "Anna Varlig" were selected as the data and analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the use of interpersonal grammatical metaphors in the two genres of science and literature. Furthermore, the examination of the components indicated a significant difference in the use of grammatical metaphors of mode and modality between the two genres; so that modality was used significantly more in science texts than in literary texts, and mode was used more in literary texts than in science texts.
Akbari, M., & Valipour, M. (2016). A critique and analysis of types of modality in Persian. Persian Literature Quarterly, 6(1), 1–15.
Eslami, M., & Rezaei Jamkarani, A. (2021). Application of grammatical metaphor in text analysis: The case study of "Hasanak the Minister". Kohannameh-e Adab-e Farsi, 12(2), 1–23.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1994). An introduction to functional grammar (2nd ed.). E. Arnold.
Halliday, M. A. K. (2004). The language of science. Continuum.
Halliday, M. A. K., & Martin, J. R. (1993). Writing science: Literacy and discursive power. University of Pittsburgh Press.
Hasan, R. (2014). Towards a paradigmatic description of context: Systems, metafunctions, and semantics. Functional Linguistics, 1(9), 1–54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40554-014-0009-y
Huang, Z., & Yu, H. (2021). A contrastive study of grammatical metaphors in abstracts of Chinese MA theses and expert academic writing. Journal of World Languages, 7(1), 199–222. https://doi.org/10.1515/jwl-2021-0009
Marzi, R., Ahmadkhani, M. R., & Kordzafaranlou-Kambozia, A. (2021). Metaphor in address terms of Azerbaijani Turkish. Journal of Language and Dialect Studies of Western Iran, 9(2), 1–19.
Rezapour, E. (2015). Critical metaphor analysis in the political discourse of domestic newspapers. Journal of Linguistic Researches, 7(1), 49–64.
Rezapour, E., & Arabani Dana, A. (2016). Grammatical metaphor as syntactic variation from the perspective of Systemic Functional Grammar. Journal of Linguistic Researches, 8(2), 83–102.
Saifouri, N., et al. (2016). A comparative study of grammatical metaphor in Iranian medical articles in English and in American–English journals. Zabanpazhouhi (Language Research) Quarterly of Alzahra University, 8(19), 103–123.
Shahidi Tabar, M., & Pourghasemian, H. (2021). Conceptual metaphors of “Ayriliq” in Azerbaijani Turkish poetry. Applied Linguistics and Applied Literature: Advances and Trends, 9(1), 143–162.
Tambolon, S., & Sidabutar, U. (2025). Grammatical metaphor in students’ research paper writing: A perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics. Journal of English Language and Education, 10(1), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.31004/jele.v10i1.627
Taverniers, M. (2003). Grammatical metaphor in SFL: A historiography of the introduction and initial study of the term. Retrieved from http://uers.ugent.be/mtaverni/publication.html
Xu, J. (2009). Interpreting metaphor of modality in advertising English. English Language Teaching, 2(4), 117–122.
Zhang, Y. (2018). Examining the application of grammatical metaphors in academic writing. English Language and Literature Studies, 8(2), 108–114. https://doi.org/10.5539/ells.v8n2p108
Zhou, J. (2024). Preferences of interpersonal metaphor of modality in academic disciplines. Humanities and Social Science Communication, 11, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-04084-0