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  • مدل سازی مطلوبیت زیستگاه آهوی ایرانی(Gazella subgutturosa) در پارک ملی سرخه حصار تهران

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کد مقاله : 11633 بازدید : 194 صفحه: 193 - 207

10.22034/jest.2017.11633

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

مدل سازی مطلوبیت زیستگاه آهوی ایرانی(Gazella subgutturosa) در پارک ملی سرخه حصار تهران

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیست

آیلین عاشوری راد 1 , راضیه رحیمی 2 , بهمن شمس اسفند آباد 3

1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران * (مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، اراک، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/01/29 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/06/08 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/10/01

کلید واژه: آهوی ایرانی, پارک ملی سرخه حصار, مطلوبیت زیستگاه, MaxEnt,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: پارک ملی سرخه حصار یکی از زیستگاه های آهوی ایرانی (Gazella subgutturosa) است. در حال حاضر در این منطقه به دلیل تخریب یا اشغال زیستگاه های اصلی آهو، محدوده پراکنش این گونه محدود به مناطق خاصی شده است. ارزیابی و تهیه نقشه مطلوبیت زیستگاه و همچنین تعیین مهم ترین عواملی که منجر به جلب توجه گونه می شود، برای حفاظت و مدیریت این گونه بسیار مهم است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه مطلوبیت زیستگاه آهو در فصل پاییز با استفاده از روش حداکثر آنتروپی مورد بررسی و مدل سازی قرار گرفت. 33 نقطه حضور و 15 متغیر زیستگاهی در مدل سازی با نرم افزار MaxEnt مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. میزان 949/. = AUC نشان دهنده قابلیت بالای مدل در تفکیک زیستگاه های مطلوب و نامطلوب از یکدیکر بود. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد فاصله از آبشخور ها مهم ترین متغیر تاثیر گذار بر مطلوبیت زیستگاه آهو در پارک ملی سرخه حصار می باشد و با افزایش فاصله از آبشخور ها، از مطلوبیت زیستگاه به شدت کاسته می شود. بیش ترین احتمال حضور گونه در جهت شمال و در شیب های کمتر از 25 درجه می باشد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد آهو بیش تر در مناطقی با تیپ های گیاهی شامل درمنه و گون مشاهده می شود. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نقشه مطلوبیت زیستگاه نشان داد که %97/5 از مساحت منطقه مورد مطالعه (حدود 1،170هکتار) به عنوان زیستگاه مطلوب برای آهو پیش بینی می شود. با توجه به اهمیت آبشخور ها و تیپ های گیاهی مورد استفاده آهو، نظارت بر آبشخور ها و کنترل ورود دام های اهلی، از اقدامات مهمی است که در راستای مدیریت زیستگاه این گونه باید صورت گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract Background and Objective: Sorkheh Hesar national park is one of Goitered Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) habitat. This species moved to specific regions because their main habitat destroyed or invaded by the humans. To protect and manage this species, it is very essential to evaluate and modeling its habitat suitability and also to determine the most important factors in attracting such species. Method: In this research the habitat suitability for Goitered Gazelles is examined and modeled, using the Maximum Entropy method in autumn. For modeling, 33 presence points and 15 habitat variables modeled using MaxEnt software. The rate of the AUC=0.949 shows the high reliability of the model in separating suitable habitats from unsuitable ones. Findings: The results show that the distance from water sources is the most influential variable on the habitat suitability of Goitered Gazelles in Sorkheh Hesar national park, in essence, the suitability of the habitat decreases for longer distances from water sources. There is a higher probability of the species presence in the northern lands with less than 25 degrees in slope. Furthermore, the results show that Goitered Gazelles are more likely to present in areas with Artemisia spp. and Astragalus spp. plants. Discussion and Conclusion: Habitat suitability for Goitered Gazelles is prepared and 5.97% of the studied region’s area (1,170 ha) is marked as suitable habitat for Goitered Gazelles. Considering the importance of water source and the types of vegetation Goitered Gazelles consumes supervision of water source and controlling the import of livestock are some of the important actions that have to be done for managing the habitat.

منابع و مأخذ:


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  5. Hosseini, G. (2013) Habitat suitability evaluation for Persian Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) in Haftad Qolleh Protected Area, Markazi provincein central Iran. . Master's thesis in Environmental Science. Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. pp.1,4,70 (Persian)
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  18. Morovati, M. (2014). Habitat suitability evaluation for Acinonyx jubatus venaticus Using MaxEnt Method and predicting the future distribution of it in Iran (A case Study: Dare-Anjir Wildlife Refuge, Yazd Province). PhD thesis in Environmental Science. Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. pp.115-118 (Persian)
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  22. Dehghani, M. Parvaneh, E. (2009) Protein quality of consuming forage of Goitered Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) in Kalmand-Bahadoran Protected area in Yazd Province. Iranian Jurnal of Biology. Vol. 22. No. 4. Pp.594-598 (Persian)
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_||_

  1. Karami, M. Ghadirian, T. Faizolahi, k. (2012). <>. Department of Environment of Iran. Pp184 (Persian)
    2.
  2. Boom Abad consulting engineers. (2003). Environmental Management Plan, Jajrood Protected Area. Department of Environment of Iran (Persian)
    3.

 

  1. Kazemijahandizi, E. (2010). Ecology of Goitered Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) in Sorkh-e-Hesar NationalPark, Tehran province. Master's thesis in Environmental Science. Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. pp. 1, 73-78 (Persian)
    2.
  2. Kazemijahandizi, E. Kaboli, M. Karami, M. Soufi, M. (2015). Determination of carrying capacity and nutritional dietary of Gazella subgutturosa in Sorkh-e-Hesar NationalPark, Tehran province, Iran. J.Env. Sci. Tech., Vol 17, No. 1. Pp. 135-143 (Parsian)
    3.
  3. Adibi, M, A. (2013). Evaluation and Modelling of Caracal caracal Habitat Using MaxEnt Method (A Case study: Kavir National Park). . Master's thesis in Environmental Science. Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. pp. 1, 5, 6, 86 (Persian)
    4.
  4. Jamalimanesh, A. Amoeian, A. Radnezhad, H. Moshtaghi, M. (2014).  Habitat suitability evaluation for Persian Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) Using ENFA Method in Bamu National Park, Fars Province.  First National Conference on Environmental Assessment and Management Planning in Iran.  Department of Environment of Hamadan Province. (Persian)
    5.
  5. Hosseini, G. (2013) Habitat suitability evaluation for Persian Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) in Haftad Qolleh Protected Area, Markazi provincein central Iran. . Master's thesis in Environmental Science. Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. pp.1,4,70 (Persian)
    6.
  6. Ramezanzadeh, S. (2012) Habitat suitability evaluation for Persian Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) Using ENFA Method in Salook National Park. Master's thesis in Environmental Science. Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, Gilan Province, Iran. pp. 1, 104-106. (Persian)
    7.
  7. Akbarnejad, F. (2014). Habitat suitability evaluation for Persian Gazelle (A Case study: Golestan National Park). Master's thesis in Environmental Science. Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, Gilan Province. Pp. 1, 50-55. (Persian)
    8.
  8. Bagherirad, E., Abdulrasoul, S., Norhayati, A., Maimon, A., Erfanian, B. (2014). Predicting habitat suitability of the goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa) using presence-only data in Golestan National park, Iran. International Journal of Biological Sciences and Applications, 1(4):124-136       
    9.
  9. Akbari, H. Behroozi, B. Hasanzade, B. (2008). Investigation on Habitat Suitability of Gazella Subgutturosa in Kalmand-Bahadoran Protected Area in Yazd Province Jurnal of Environmental studies. Vol 34. No. 46. Pp113-118 (Persian)  
    10.
  10.   Faghihi, F. Karimian, A, A. Sadeghian, F. Khabari, Z. (2013). Habitat selection of Persian Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) in Kalmand-Bahadoran protected area. Third international Conference on Environmental Planning and Management. University of Tehran (Persian)
    11.
  11. Anderson, R.P. and Gonzalez, I. (2011). Species-specific tuning increases robustness to sampling bias in models of species distributions: An implementation with Maxent. Ecological Modelling 222(15): 2796-2811
    12.
  12. Phillips, S.J. A brief tutorial on Maxent, versions: 3.3.1. Available online:  http://cs.princeton.edu/~schapire/maxent/ (accessed on August 19, 2009)
    13.
  13. Phillips, S.J., Anderson, R.P, Schapire, R.E. (2006). Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecological Modelling 190:231-259
    14.
  14. Hernandez, P.A., Graham, C.H., Master, L.L., Albert, D.L. (2006). The effect of sample size and species characteristics on performance of different species distributions modeling methods. Ecography, 29, 773-785
    15.
  15. Pearson, R.G., Raxworthy, C.J., Nakamura, M., Peterson, A.T. (2007). Predicting species distributions from small numbers of occurrence records: a test case using cryptic geckos in Madagascar. J. Biogeogr. 34,102-117
    16.
  16. Wisz, M.S., Hijmans, R.J., Li, J., Peterson, A.T., Graham, C.H., Guisan, A. (2008). NCEAS Predicting Species Distributions Working Group. Effects of sample size on the performance of species distributions models. Diversity Distrib, 14, 763-773
    17.
  17. Sarhangzadeh, J., Yavari, A.R., Hemami, M.R., Jafari, H.R, Shams-Esfandabad, B. (2013). Habitat suitability modeling for wild goat (Capra aegagrus) in a mountainous arid aera, central Iran. Caspian J. Env. Sci. Vol. 11 No. 1 pp. 41-51
    18.
  18. Morovati, M. (2014). Habitat suitability evaluation for Acinonyx jubatus venaticus Using MaxEnt Method and predicting the future distribution of it in Iran (A case Study: Dare-Anjir Wildlife Refuge, Yazd Province). PhD thesis in Environmental Science. Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. pp.115-118 (Persian)
    19.
  19. Engler, R., Guisan, A., Rechsteiner, L. (2004). An improved approach for predicting the distribution of rare and endangered species from occurrence and pseudo-absence data. J. Appl. Ecol. 41,263-274
    20.
  20. Baldwin, R.A. (2009). Use of Maximum Entropy Modeling in Wildlife Research. Entropy, 11, 854-866
    21.
  21. Phillips, S.J. (2010). Species Distribution Modeling for Conservation Educators and Practitioners. Exercise American Museum of natural History, Lessons in Conservation.
    22.
  22. Dehghani, M. Parvaneh, E. (2009) Protein quality of consuming forage of Goitered Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) in Kalmand-Bahadoran Protected area in Yazd Province. Iranian Jurnal of Biology. Vol. 22. No. 4. Pp.594-598 (Persian)
    23.

 

 

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