ارزیابی کیفیت شنیداری صداگاه در میدان نقش جهان اصفهان با استفاده از بررسی طیف فرکانسی منابع صوت

محورهای موضوعی : معماری و شهرسازی

عباس غفاری ^{1 *} , نسرین محسن حقیقی ² , محسن دادخواه ³

1 - دکتری معماری، استادیار، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی اسلامی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز.
3 - دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی اسلامی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز.

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/08/06 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/06/27 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/05/01

کلید واژه: تفکیک طیف فرکانس, صداگاه, فضای شهری, کیفیت صوتی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: صداگاه به عنوان یکی از ارکان غیربصری منظر شهری مستلزم ارزیابی و بازطراحی است که نیازمند ارزیابی منظر شنیداری و شناخت نقاط دارای مساله و سپس اقدام بر اساس ارزیابی های دقیق می باشد. میدان نقش جهان به عنوان یک فضای شهری پذیرای افراد از رده های سنی و اجتماعی مختلف بایستی به لحاظ منظر شنیداری مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی کیفیت شنیداری صداگاه در میان نقش جهان اصفهان و با استفاده از بررسی طیف فرکانسی منابع صوت بود. روش بررسی: جهت انجام پژوهش، از دستگاه صوت سنج ST-8851 جهت رکورد صدای منابع صوتی استفاده گردید. شبکه ای شطرنجی از 429 نقطه مورد برداشت قرار گرفته و مجموع لگاریتمی تراز های طیف های فرکانسی پایین، میانه و بالا حساب شد و در قالب نقشه های GIS با مختصات دقیق مکانی ارائه گردید. یافته ها: با بررسی طیف فرکانسی منابع منفرد نوفه، حوزه های شنیداری مختلف در میدان بر اساس فرکانس های بالا، میانه و پایین مشخص شد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد در فرکانس های پایین، نقشه ی همترازی تقریبا بصورت همگن بود. در فرکانس های میانه، مسیر حرکت اسب ها و نیز اطراف حوض میانی و ورودی بازار قیصریه از سطوح بالایی برخوردار بودند که نشان دهنده ی تراکم منابع صوتی فرکانس های میانه، مانند اصوات انسانی است. در فرکانس های بالا فقط مسیرهای عبور حمل و نقل سواره، گاری ها و آب نماها از سطوح بالایی برخوردار بودند و این به علت تمرکز منابع منفرد مرتبط با طیف فرکانسی بالاتر از 4000 هرتز می باشد. در انتها راهبردها و سیاست ها بر اساس نتایج ارائه شده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Soundscape as one of the non-visual aspects of urban landscape requires assessment and redesign that needs evaluation of soundscape and identification of problematic areas and then taking the action according to the precise assessments. Naghshe-Jahan square as an urban space that embraces people from different ages and social groups should be assessed in terms of soundscape quality. Method: The research aimed at assessment of the soundscape quality of Naghshe-Jahan square through frequency classification in octave band. St-8851 sound meter was used for field assessments. 429 points in grid mode was assessed and logarithmic sum of low, mid and high frequency bands was calculated and presented in the form of GIS maps with precise spatial coordinates. Findings: By examining the frequency spectrum of single noise sources, different audio domains in the field were determined based on high, mid and low frequency bands. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that in the low frequencies, the alignment map was almost homogeneous. At mid frequencies, the pass of horses around the central pool and the entrance of the Qaisariyye Bazar were of high levels, indicating the density of the mid-frequency sound sources, such as human sounds. In high frequencies only the vehicle and gharry paths and water bodies had high sound pressure levels due to the concentration of sound sources with friquencies higher than the 4000 Hz. Finally, strategies and policies were introduced based on the results.

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