اثر گونه‌های درختی بر ذخیره کربن آلی و خصوصیات خاک در جنگل طبیعی و جنگل‌کاری‌های شمال ایران (مطالعه موردی: جنگل دارابکلا- ساری)

محورهای موضوعی : منابع طبیعی

اعظم سلیمانی ¹ , سید محسن حسینی ² , علیرضا مساح بوانی ³ , مصطفی جعفری ⁴ , رزا فرانکاویلیا ⁵

1 - دکتری جنگلداری دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، مازندران، ایران.
2 - استاد گروه جنگلداری دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، مازندران، ایران.*(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیارگروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
4 - دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، بخش ارزیابی جهانی تغییر اقلیم، تهران، ایران.
5 - پژوهشگر ارشد CREA، شورای تحقیقات کشاورزی و اقتصاد، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و محیط زیست، رم، ایتالیا.

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/03/02 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/06/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/09/01

کلید واژه: ذخیره کربن آلی خاک, فاکتورهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی, تغییر پوشش, تغییر اقلیم.,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: یکی از مواردی که باعث فاصله گرفتن از توسعه پایدار می شود افزایش روزافزون دی اکسید کربن اتمسفری و به‌تبع آن افزایش دمای کره زمین می باشد. اکوسیستم های جنگلی و مدیریت بهینه ی آن، نقش مهمی در کاهش کربن اتمسفری دارند. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه اثرات جنگل طبیعی و چهار جنگل کاری بر توان ذخیره کربن خاک و همچنین خصوصیات مختلف خاک در جنگل آموزشی - پژوهشی دارابکلا بررسی گردید. نمونه برداری خاک در سال 2016 و از سه عمق 20-0 ، 40-20 و 60-40 انجام گردید. یافته ها: نتایج تجزیه واریانس خصوصیات خاک مورد بررسی نشان داد که اختلاف معنی داری میان پوشش ها و عمق های مختلف در بیش تر پارامترهای مورد بررسی وجود دارد. همچنین ذخیره کربن آلی خاک در عمق 60-0 سانتی متری از هر یک از پوشش ها به‌این‌ترتیب کاهش می یابد: زربین> توسکا> جنگل طبیعی> بلوط> افرا>. بحث و نتیجه گیری: جنگل کاری می تواند نقش مهمی در جذب دی اکسید کربن داشته باشد. البته عوامل مختلفی مانند نوع گونه ی درختی، سن جنگل کاری ها، عمق خاک، شرایط رویشگاه و عملیات پرورشی جنگل می تواند بر ترسیب کربن تاثیر بگذارد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: One of the things that keep us away from sustainable development is the increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide and consequently the rise in global temperature. Forest ecosystems and their optimal management play an important role in reducing atmospheric carbon. Method: In this study, the effects of natural forests and four plantations on the soil organic carbon and soil properties in Darab Kola forest were investigated. Soil samples were collected in 2016 from three depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm. Findings: The results of analysis of variance of soil properties showed that there is a significant difference between the land covers and different depths in most of the studied parameters. Also, soil organic carbon storage at 0-60 cm depth from each of the coatings is reduced as follows: cypress> Alder> Natural forest> Oak> Maple. Discussionand Conclusion: Plantation can play an important role in absorbing carbon dioxide. Of course, different factors such as type of tree species, forestry age and depth of soil, habitat conditions and forestry operations can affect carbon sequestration.

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