برنامهریزی راهبردی توسعه پایدار اکوتوریسم با بهرهگیری از مدل تلفیقی SWOT وANP (مطالعه موردی: پناهگاه حیاتوحش دره انجیر و نی باز)
محورهای موضوعی : ارزیابی پی آمدهای محیط زیستیمریم مروتی 1 , سمانه اکبریان 2
1 - استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران
عضو پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی و صنعتی، دانشگاه اردکان،اردکان،ایران.*(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - کارشناسی ارشد ارزیابی و آمایش سرزمین،دانشکده کشاورزی، منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه اردکان
کلید واژه: SWOT, پناهگاه حیاتوحش, راهبرد, ANP, اکوتوریسم,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف دستیابی به ارزیابی جامع توانمندی ها و امکانسنجی توسعه اکوتوریسم پایدار در پناهگاه حیات وحش دره انجیر و نی باز با استفاده از مدل هیبریدی سوات و تحلیل شبکهای انجام شده است. روش پژوهش: این بررسی در قالب پرسشنامههایی که جامعهی آماری آن بالغ بر30 نفر از کارشناسان و افراد بومی منطقه بود با روش نمونهبرداری گلوله برفی تکمیل شد و در نهایت با استفاده از ماتریس سوات ضمن بررسی نقاط قوت و ضعف و فرصت و تهدید در بخش اکوتوریسم پایدار راهبردها برای مقابله با این تهدیدها و بهرهگیری از فرصتها برای اکوتوریسم پایدار ارایه شد سپس با استفاده از مدل تحلیل شبکه ((ANP به اولویت سنجی عوامل محیط درونی و بیرونی و تعیین ارزشهای نهایی در قالب راهکارهای SO,WO,ST,WT پرداخته شد. یافته ها: نتیجه نهایی از ارزیابی عوامل داخلی و خارجی در قالب استراتژی تهاجمی است تا بتوان از فرصتها و نقاط قوت به نحو احسن استفاده نمود همچنین نتایج حاصل نشان داد راهبردهای تنوع بخشی، بازنگری و تدافعی به ترتیب در مراحل بعدی قرار دارند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل از راهبردها با بهرهگیری از مدلANP نشان میدهد که در برنامهریزی برای توسعه پایدار اکوتوریسم منطقه راهبرد تهاجمی در اولویت قرار دارد و برای توسعه پایدار این منطقه باید از قابلیت های طبیعی، جذابیتها و چشم اندازهای منطقه استفاده کرده و با تبلیغات بیشتر منطقه و ایجاد پروژه های بین المللی مثل پروژه یوزپلنگ اکوتوریسم منطقه را حفظ و توسعه دهیم از نتایج این مطالعه می توان در اجرای اقدامات حفاظتی و مدیریتی جهت کاربرد هر چه بیشتر صنعت اکوتوریسم در زیستگاههای استان یزد استفاده نمود.
Background and Objective: This study aims to achieve a comprehensive assessment on capabilities and feasibility of developing sustainable ecotourism in Dareh-Anjir Wildlife Refuge and Neybaz, using hybrid model SWOT and network analysis. Method: The questionnaires were completed by thirty experts and indigenous people through snowball sampling. Finally, SWOT matrix used to investigate strengths and weaknesses and the opportunities and threats in the field of sustainable ecotourism strategies to deal with these threats and exploit opportunities for sustainable ecotourism were presented. Network analysis (ANP) used to prioritize the internal and external environment factors and rate the final solutions in the form of SO, WO, ST, WT. Findings: The final result from the evaluation of internal and external factors is in the form of an aggressive strategy to make the best use of the opportunities and strengths. The results also showed that diversification strategies, reviewing and defense respectively are in the next ranking. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the strategies using ANP model shows that aggressive strategy is a priority in the planning for sustainable development of ecotourism in this region and for this should use natural functionality, attractiveness and prospects of the region, and with more advertisement of the region and make international projects such as cheetahs project, ecotourism area maintained and developed. The results of this study can be used in the implementation of protective measures for further administrative ecotourism industry in habitats of Yazd province.
- Soubbotina, T.P., 2004, Beyond Economic Growth: An Introduction to Sustainable Development, Second Edition, WBI Learning Resources Series, World Bank Institute
- Choi, H.C. & Sirakaya, E., 2006, Sustainability Indicators for Managing Community Tourism. Tourism Management, Vol.27, pp. 1274-1289.
- Aminan, S., Sadeghi, I., Faraji, A. & Naderi gorghaleh, A., 2012, Investigating the Opportunities and Challenges of Sustainable Development of Ecotourism of Iran. Second National Conference on Economic Development Strategies with Focus on Regional Planning, Sanandaj, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch(In Persian).
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- England research, 2005, Rural and farm tourism. journal of agricultural Economic, vol, 20.
- Ebrahimzadeh, I. & Aghassizadeh, A., 2011, The Impact of Chabahar Free Zone on Development of Tourism in its Influence Area Using Regression and T-Test. Journal of Geography and Development Iranian Journal , No. 21, pp. 5-26 (In Persian).
- Ashtari Mehrjerdi, A., 2004, Ecotourism and Sustainability, Definitions, Its Aspects and Features, Jihad Monthly, No. 262, pp. 74-81(In Persian).
- Abdi, M., Abbas Nia, S.M. & taghi Fard, M.T., 2015, Sustainable Tourism Development Planning Based on the Hybrid Model of SWOT and ANP Case Study: South Khorasan Province. Geographical Journal of Tourism Space, Vol. 4, No. 16, PP. 75-95 (In Persian).
- Hil, T. & Westbrook, R., 1997, SWOT Analysis: It’s Time for a Product Recall. Long Range Planning, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 46 – 52.
- Kajanus, M., Kangas, J. & Kurttila, M., 2004, The use of value focused thinking and the A’WOT hybrid method in tourism management. Tourism Management, pp. 499–506.
- Abedini, M., 2009, identification Dareh Anjir Wildlife Refuge(Basic Books), Department of Environmental Protection, Yazd Province (In Persian).
- Azkia, M. & Durban Astaneh, A.R., 2003, Applied Research Method. Kayhan Publishing House, Volume I, Tehran (In Persian).
- Bahrami, R., 2010, Study of the Capabilities and Challenges of Rural Tourism Development in Kurdistan Province. Fourth International Congress of Geographers of the World of Islam (2010, ICIWG), Zahdan, Iran (In Persian).
- Hong, C.W. & Chan, N.W., 2010, Strength- Weakness- Opportunities- Threats Analysis of Penang National Park for Strategic Ecotourism Management. World Applied Sciences Journal 10 (Special Issue of Tourism & Hospitality).
- Kamal Zadeh, Y. & Rezaee, M.R., 2015, Determining the Optimal Strategy for the Development of Marine Tourism Using the SWOT-ANP Integrated Approach (Case Study: Kish Island). Geographic Space, No. 51, PP. 19-43 (In Persian).
- Ismail Zadeh, H. & Esmaeilzadeh, Y., 2015, Choosing the Optimal Tourism Development Strategy Using the SWOT Strategic Model (Case Study: Maragheh City). Journal Management System, No. 28, pp. 149-172 (In Persian).
- Kordnaiej, A., Azar, A. & Niakan Lahiji, N., 2010, Formulating the Effective Organizational Strategy in Public Sector: Case Study in the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Customs (IRIC), The Economic Reseach, Vol. 10, No. 2, PP. 91-114.
- Ebrahimzadeh, I., 2010, Land Reconciliation and Environmental Planning in Southeast Iran, First Edition, Institute of Information Science (In Persian).
- Saaty Thomas, L., 1996. The Analytic Network Process. Pittsburgh: RWS Publications.
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- Soubbotina, T.P., 2004, Beyond Economic Growth: An Introduction to Sustainable Development, Second Edition, WBI Learning Resources Series, World Bank Institute
- Choi, H.C. & Sirakaya, E., 2006, Sustainability Indicators for Managing Community Tourism. Tourism Management, Vol.27, pp. 1274-1289.
- Aminan, S., Sadeghi, I., Faraji, A. & Naderi gorghaleh, A., 2012, Investigating the Opportunities and Challenges of Sustainable Development of Ecotourism of Iran. Second National Conference on Economic Development Strategies with Focus on Regional Planning, Sanandaj, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch(In Persian).
- Meletis, Z.A. & Campbell, L.M., 2007, Call It Consumption! Re-Conceptualizing Ecotourism as Consumption and Consumptive. Geography Compass1/4: p. 850–870.
- England research, 2005, Rural and farm tourism. journal of agricultural Economic, vol, 20.
- Ebrahimzadeh, I. & Aghassizadeh, A., 2011, The Impact of Chabahar Free Zone on Development of Tourism in its Influence Area Using Regression and T-Test. Journal of Geography and Development Iranian Journal , No. 21, pp. 5-26 (In Persian).
- Ashtari Mehrjerdi, A., 2004, Ecotourism and Sustainability, Definitions, Its Aspects and Features, Jihad Monthly, No. 262, pp. 74-81(In Persian).
- Abdi, M., Abbas Nia, S.M. & taghi Fard, M.T., 2015, Sustainable Tourism Development Planning Based on the Hybrid Model of SWOT and ANP Case Study: South Khorasan Province. Geographical Journal of Tourism Space, Vol. 4, No. 16, PP. 75-95 (In Persian).
- Hil, T. & Westbrook, R., 1997, SWOT Analysis: It’s Time for a Product Recall. Long Range Planning, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 46 – 52.
- Kajanus, M., Kangas, J. & Kurttila, M., 2004, The use of value focused thinking and the A’WOT hybrid method in tourism management. Tourism Management, pp. 499–506.
- Abedini, M., 2009, identification Dareh Anjir Wildlife Refuge(Basic Books), Department of Environmental Protection, Yazd Province (In Persian).
- Azkia, M. & Durban Astaneh, A.R., 2003, Applied Research Method. Kayhan Publishing House, Volume I, Tehran (In Persian).
- Bahrami, R., 2010, Study of the Capabilities and Challenges of Rural Tourism Development in Kurdistan Province. Fourth International Congress of Geographers of the World of Islam (2010, ICIWG), Zahdan, Iran (In Persian).
- Hong, C.W. & Chan, N.W., 2010, Strength- Weakness- Opportunities- Threats Analysis of Penang National Park for Strategic Ecotourism Management. World Applied Sciences Journal 10 (Special Issue of Tourism & Hospitality).
- Kamal Zadeh, Y. & Rezaee, M.R., 2015, Determining the Optimal Strategy for the Development of Marine Tourism Using the SWOT-ANP Integrated Approach (Case Study: Kish Island). Geographic Space, No. 51, PP. 19-43 (In Persian).
- Ismail Zadeh, H. & Esmaeilzadeh, Y., 2015, Choosing the Optimal Tourism Development Strategy Using the SWOT Strategic Model (Case Study: Maragheh City). Journal Management System, No. 28, pp. 149-172 (In Persian).
- Kordnaiej, A., Azar, A. & Niakan Lahiji, N., 2010, Formulating the Effective Organizational Strategy in Public Sector: Case Study in the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Customs (IRIC), The Economic Reseach, Vol. 10, No. 2, PP. 91-114.
- Ebrahimzadeh, I., 2010, Land Reconciliation and Environmental Planning in Southeast Iran, First Edition, Institute of Information Science (In Persian).
- Saaty Thomas, L., 1996. The Analytic Network Process. Pittsburgh: RWS Publications.