بررسی وضعیت لایه بندی حرارتی در مخزن اول چاه‌نیمه در راستای مدیریت کیفی منابع آب در دشت سیستان
محورهای موضوعی :
آب و محیط زیست
ایمان همایون نژاد
1
,
امیرحسام حسنی
2
,
اکرم الملوک لاهیجانیان
3
1 - استادیار، گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور(PNU)، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استاد، گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی-واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران.
3 - دانشیار،گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی-واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1397/04/05
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/08/08
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/04/01
کلید واژه:
چاه نیمه شماره یک,
کیفیت آب,
لایه بندی حرارتی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف : آب دریاچه‌ها و مخازن در مناطق معتدله در برخی از فصول دچار لایه بندی حرارتی می‌شود و بررسی چگونگی مدل لایه بندی و زمان آن می تواند امکان طراحی یک الگوی مناسب برای مدیریت کیفی آب و حتی پایش را فراهم آورد. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین تغییرات دما در ترازهای مختلف آب و مدل حرارتی مخزن شماره یک چاه نیمه زابل جهت مدیریت بهینه این منبع با ارزش انجام گرفت.روش بررسی: مطالعه به صورت توصیفی ـ تحلیلی از طریق تعیین ایستگاه نمونه‌برداری و برداشت آب از 8 عمق مختلف آب (از سطح آب تا عمق 15 متری) از مهر 94 تا مهر 95 طی 12 ماه بصورت ماهیانه انجام شد. به همراه دما فاکتورهایDO،EC ، TDS و PH در اعماق مختلف مخزن نیز بررسی گردید. در نهایت از تحلیل های آماری چند متغیره برای تفسیر مجموعه داده ها استفاده شد.یافته ها: لایه بندی حرارتی در چاه نیمه از اوایل بهار در اردیبهشت ماه آغاز می‌گردد و تقریبا در هر سال تا اوایل آبان به مدت 6 ماه ادامه می یابد این پدیده در اواسط تابستان و تیرماه به شدیدترین حالت خود می‌رسد. لایه بندی با شروع فصل پاییز بدلیل تغییرات اقلیمی از بین رفته و مخزن همگن می‌گردد.بحث و نتیجه گیری: فاکتورهای کیفی در این مخزن تحت تاثیر لایه بندی تغییر می‌کنند اما میانگین آنها در مقایسه با استانداردهای جهانی مناسب بوده و آب مخزن قابلیت کاربری آشامیدنی را دارد. در راستای مدیریت کیفی این منبع باید گفت برداشت آب در بهار و بخصوص تابستان از ترازهای مختلف آب، کیفیت های متفاوتی را در اختیار مصرف کننده قرار می‌دهد و هرچقدر عمق برداشت به بستر نزدیک تر گردد کیفیت آب بدست آمده پایین تر است. اما کیفیت آب در اعماق مختلف دریاچه در پاییز و زمستان تقریبا یکسان و نزدیک بهم است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Water lakes and reservoirs of dams in temperate regions in some seasons due to changes in climatic conditions undergo thermal stratification. This phenomenon can change the qualitative factors of water. Therefore, studying about thermal stratification and its time can provide a suitable pattern for water quality management and even monitoring. This research was carried out with the aim of determining temperature changes at different levels of water and heat model of NO.1 Zabol Chahnime Reservoir for optimal management of this valuable resource.Material and Methodology: The descriptive-analytical study was conducted through determining sampling station and monthly water harvesting from 8 different water depths (from the surface to the depth of 15 meters) from October 2015 to October 2016. Along with temperatures, TDS, EC, DO and PH factors were also investigated at different depths of reservoir. Finally, multivariate statistical analysis was used to interpret the data set.Findings: The thermal stratification in NO.1 Zabol Chahnime Reservoir starts early in the spring of May, and lasts for almost 6 months from about every year until early November. This phenomenon is most severe in mid-summer and July. Stratification with the onset of the autumn season is lost due to climate change and the tank is homogeneous.Discussion and Conclusion: Qualitative factors of Chah Nimeh No. 1 changed under the influence of thermal stratification in different seasons, but their overall average was appropriate according to global standards; and the reservoir water had a drinkable application. In line with the qualitative management of this reservoir, it should be noted that water harvesting from various water levels provided different qualities in spring and summer, but the water quality at different depths of lake was almost the same in the fall and winter.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Asadi, Ali. Investigating the health status of drinking water in the 22nd district of Tehran and the effects of Tehran's development plan on it, MSc thesis, health department, Medical university of Tehran, 2011. (In Persian)
Monnavary SM, Noori J, Sohrabnia N. phytoplakton Assembly effect in Karaj Reservoir water quality water and wastewater 2013; 24 (86) : 19-30. (In Persian)
S.EPA.2015. Drinking Water Standards. U.S.EPA. New York.
Vice president, planning and control office. Surface water quality guidelines; 551: 23-170.
Roberts RD. perspectives on environmental monitoring in freshwater management. Springer; 2013.
Boqiang Q. Zhenjwen L, Havens K, 2007 Eutrophication in Lakes. Hydrobiologia 581 , 3-14
Kaveh, mohammad., moridi, Ali. Investigating the effect of thermal stratification and trophic phenomenon on the water quality of dam reservoirs (case study of Dam Dosti reservoir), The 6th International Conference on Water Resources Management, Kordestan university, 2017, pp1-4. (In Persian)
Rockwell DC. The US-EPA Lake Erie indicators monitoring program 1983-2002: trends in phosphorus, silica, and chlorophylla in the central basin. Journal of great lakes research 2005: 31(supplement 2):23-34.
Caruso B. Integrated assessment of phosphorus in the lake Hayes catchment, south Island New Zeland. Journal of hydrology 2010; 229(3): 168-89.
Khayami M, Danesh Sh, Khodashenas S. water quality in the reservoir dam through by means the outputs of dam impounding choice of location. Proceeding of the first congress consistent with water scarcity; 2008. (In Persian)
Plamer, M. D, 2001, Water Quality Modeling Guide to Effective Practice, World Bank Publications.
Shamlou A, Naseri S, Nadifi K. water quality monitoring of the Gilarlo reservoir. Journal of water and waste water 2004; 15(3): 51.
Ebrahimzade, Investigating the effect of thermal stratification and eutrophication on the water quality of Zabul Wetland msc thesis, Medical university of zahedan, 2015. (In Persian)
Veisi, keivan. Samarghandi, mohamadreza. Samadi, mohamadtaghi. Safaei, mohsen. 2013. Monitoring the destructive phenomenon of thermal stratification in the reservoir dam lake of ekbatan, hamadan, scientific-research journal of health system research, year 9, issue 9, 20-29. (In Persian)
L., Tempel. R. N, Stillings. L., And Shevenell. L.2006. Modeling Spatial And Temporal Variations In Temperature And Salinity During Stratification And Over Turn In Dexter Pit Lake, Tuscarora, Nevada, USA, And Applied Geochemistry, Vol 21, ISS. 7, PP, 1184 – 1203.
Kiyani sadr, Maryam. 2014. Simulation of thermal layering and dissolved oxygen concentration using the CE qualw2 model, Wetland ecobiology scientific-research quarterly. Ahvaz university, Year 9, No. 32:52-39. (In Persian)
Kiyanoosh, bizhan. Ahmadyar, bizhan. 2016. Investigating the effect of thermal stratification on artificial mixing efficiency in reservoirs of dams, Scientific-research journal of hydraulics, Volume 10, Number 4: 17-33. (In Persian)
Regional Water Joint Stock Company of Sistan and Baluchistan Province. 2014. The final report of the chahnime geotechnical project, volume one. (In Persian)
Guideline For Water Quality Monitoring of Dams Reservoirs, 2011, Ministry Of Energy Press: 551.
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, 21th End, American Public Health Association/Washington DC, USA.
Fataei, E.,Ansari Moghadam, D,And Nasehi,F., Prediction Of Thermal Stratification Of Seymarch Damusing CE Qual. W2 Model. Advances In Bioresearch,5(1):150-159
Kannel, P.R., Et Al. Are View Of Public Domain Water Quality Models For Simulating Dissolved Oxygen In River And Streams. Journal Of Environment Model Assess, No 16, pp: 183-204.
Nazariha, mehrdad.2011. Comparison of the thermal layering of the tank under construction in Bakhtiari in two areas in Yachei and transition using the CE qual-W2 model, Environmental Science and Technology Quarterly, Volume 13, Number 3, Pages 19-28. (In Persian)
Rezaei, hadi. Salmasi, farzin. Sahebi, farzane.2018. Investigation of thermal and qualitative layering in Teham Zanjan Dam using the CE qual-W2 model, Environmental Science and Technology Quarterly, Volume 20, Number 1, Pages 127-145. (In Persian)
