ارزیابی رقابت‌پذیری اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی شهری (نمونه موردی: استان‌های کشور)
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست
حسین نظم فر
1
,
علی عشقی چهاربرج
2
,
سعیده علوی
3
1 - استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی*(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
تاریخ دریافت : 1394/08/07
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/06/27
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/10/01
کلید واژه:
ادغام,
ایران,
کاندرست,
رقابت‌پذیری شهری,
زیست‌محیطی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در حال حاضر رقابت‌پذیری یک موضوع محوری در سطح دنیاست و از آن به‌عنوان وسیله‌ای جهت دست‌یابی به توسعه پایدار یاد می‌شود. بسیاری از پژوهش گران، رقابت‌پذیری را مساوی با موفقیت در بعد اقتصادی می‌دانند، اما رقابت‌پذیری شهری باید از دیدگاه وسیع‌تری مورد بررسی قرار گیرد و باید علاوه بر ابعاد اقتصادی بر ابعاد غیراقتصادی زندگی شهری نیز تأکید کند. با توجه به خلأ موجود در این زمینه پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی و سطح‌بندی استان‌های ایران با تأکید بر ابعاد اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی انجام‌شده است.
روش بررسی: این پژوهش با استفاده از 36 شاخص مربوط به بعد اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی به دنبال ارزیابی رقابت‌پذیری اجتماعی و زیست محیطی شهری با استفاده از روش تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره(MCDM) است. روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است. جامعه ی آماری تحقیق شامل کلیه ی استان‌های کشور در سال 1390 می‌باشد. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها ابتدا از مدل‌های HAW و SAW استفاده‌شد و در نهایت با روش کاندرست ادغام گردید و به 5 گروه با توان رقابت‌پذیری بسیار بالا، بالا، متوسط و پایین و بسیار پایین تقسیم گردید. برای پیدا کردن ضریب اهمیت هریک از شاخص‌ها از مدل آنتروپی شانون استفاده‌شده است.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج تحقیق بر اساس مدل کاندرست، نشان می‌دهد که بین استان‌های کشور ازلحاظ برخورداری از شاخص‌های اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی رقابت‌پذیری شهری اختلاف فراوانی وجود دارد به طوری که اختلاف بین استان تهران(رتبه اول) با امتیاز 30 و استان سمنان(رتبه آخر) با امتیاز 25-، خیلی زیاد بوده(55) و این اختلاف زیاد ناشی از عدم تعادل در آمایش سرزمین است. رتبه‌بندی نهایی نشان می‌دهد که استان‌های تهران، البرز، خوزستان، خراسان جنوبی، اصفهان و خراسان رضوی توان رقابت‌پذیری بسیار بالایی داشته و استان‌های کهکیلویه و بویراحمد، اردبیل، یزد، گلستان، چهارمحال بختیاری و سمنان از توان رقابت‌پذیری بسیار پایینی برخوردار می‌باشند
چکیده انگلیسی:
Introduction: Now competitiveness is a central issue in the world and the use of it, as a tool, is mentioned to achieve sustainable development. Many researchers consider the economic competitiveness equals success, but urban competitiveness should be examined from a broader perspective on aspects of economic and non-economic aspects in addition to the stress of urban life. Due to the vacuum in the field of research aimed at evaluating and ranking states are conducted with an emphasis on social and environmental dimensions.
Material and Methods: This study uses 36 indicators of social and environmental dimension to urban competitiveness evaluation techniques using multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). Methods the study population consisted of descriptive analysis of all the provinces in 1390. The models used to analyze the data and SAW HAVE eventually integrated Kandrst technique and competitiveness was divided to 5 groups can be very high, high, moderate, low and very low. To find the coefficients of each indicator used is the Shannon entropy.
Results and Discussion: Based on Kandrst mode, the provinces terms of social and environmental indicators of urban competitiveness, there are wide differences. So that the difference between Tehran Province (ranked first) with a score of 30 and Semnan (bottom) with a score of 25, was too high (55) and this gap is caused by an imbalance in land use. Final ranking shows that Tehran, Tehran, Khuzestan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Isfahan and Khorasan Razavi is very high competitiveness and regions in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer, Ardabil, Yazd, Golestan, Semnan Bakhtiari and competitiveness can be very low.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Azar, A. (2007). Evaluation of Provincial Business Organizations with the MADM Approach, Journal of Business Research, 10 (39), 157-189. (In Persian)
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Ekhtiari, M. (2012). Introduction of an Advanced VIKOR method for Credit Rating of Customers of Banks. Industrial Management Studies, 9(25), 161-179. (In Persian)
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Rabieh, M., Khajuee, M. (2013). Explanation of Competitiveness Strategies of Tehran City. Journal of Strategic Management Studies, 4(15), 37-56. (In Persian)
Van Jijk, M.P. (2004). Urban management makes cities more competitive, but requires capacity building. Urbanicity. http://www.urbanicity.org.
Rezazadeh, R., Badri, A.A. (2004). The Impact of Globalization on the Role and Functioning of Cities: Opportunities and Threats for the City and Municipalities, Proceedings of the Municipal and Urban Economics Conference, Tehran, June 2004. (In Persian)
Bayat, M. (2009). A Cluster Analysis of the Development Evaluation of the villages of Kavar District in Shiraz Township. Geography and Environmental Planning, 20(1), 113-131. (In Persian)
Momeni, M. (1998). Principles and Methods of Regional Planning, Rational Publications. (In Persian)
Hosseinzadeh, K. (2001). Regional Planning, Second Edition, SAMT Publications, Tehran. (In Persian)
Department of Urban Planning and Sustainable Development Studies (R&D) (2011). Report -90-urb-18, Report Date: 05/06/2011 Retrieved from: (In Persian)
Jiang, Y. Shen, j (2010). Measuring the urban competitiveness of Chinese cities in 2000. Cities, 27.307-314.
Vares, H., Mohammadi, Sh., Parvandi, Y. (2013). On economic prosperity: Providing a model for improving national competitiveness of Iran. Iranian journal of management sciences, 7(26), 25-48. (In Persian)
Delbery, M.S. (2014). Economic Competitiveness of Cities with Emphasis on Factors Affecting Urban Competitiveness Index, First National Conference on Searching for Tomorrow's Cities, Tehran. (In Persian)
Ghahramani, H. Dulby, S. Afsari, A. (2014). Increasing Urban Competitiveness Using Cultural Tourism and Cultural Areas Comparative Comparison of Istanbul and Mashhad, Sixth Conference on Urban Management and Planning with Emphasis on the Components of Islamic City. (In Persian)
Steve Pomeroy, John Burrett, Duncan Maclennan, Leonore Evans,(2009), An Analysis of Social Infrastructure and City Competitiveness – Synthesis and Key Findings، Final Report for the City of Ottawa/ Infrastructure Canada Knowledge-building, Outreach and Awareness Research Program،1-47.
Li, W., Darko, V. (2010). Regional ComPEtitiveness: Th ECase of Western CHIna, GeograPHIcal Institute “Jovan Cvijić” Sasa, Vol. 60 No 1.
Ruxandra, I. (2011). Study Regarding the Ways of Measuring Cities Competitiveness، Economia. Seria Management، Volume 14, Issue 2.
Seongsil, K., Joochul, K., Deog-Seong, O. (2012). Measurement of Urban Competitiveness Based on Innovation Indicators in Six Metropolitan Cities in Korea، World Technopolis Association، WTR 2012, 1, 177-185.
Bruneckienė, J., Činčikaitė, R., Kilijonienė, A. (2012). The specifics of measurement the urban competitiveness at the national and international level. Inžinerinė ekonomika. 23(3), 256-270.
Singhal, S., McGreal, S., Berry, J. (2013). An evaluative model for city competitiveness: Application to UK cities. Land Use Policy, 30(1), 214-222
Pourtahari, M. (2014). Application of Multi-Index Decision Making Methods in Geography, Tehran, University of Humanities Textbooks. (In Persian)
Azar, A. (2007). Evaluation of Provincial Business Organizations with the MADM Approach, Journal of Business Research, 10 (39), 157-189. (In Persian)
Azar, A. Rajabzadeh, A. (2014). Applied Decision Making in the MADM Approach, Tehran, Danesh Publication. (In Persian)
Iran Statistics Center Website (2015). (In Persian)
Ekhtiari, M. (2012). Introduction of an Advanced VIKOR method for Credit Rating of Customers of Banks. Industrial Management Studies, 9(25), 161-179. (In Persian)
Yongqiang, L. (2005). Conceptual Mode lfor Urban Competitiveness. Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, sep. 4(9).
The competitiveness of London. (2008). Future challenges from emerging cities, April A Report to the London Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Duff, A. (2009). Understanding city competitiveness, Global strength
Jiang, Y. Shen, j. (2010). Measuring the urban competitiveness of Chinese cities in 2000, Cities, 27,307-314
Egan, T. (2000). An Assessment of Toronto's Global Competitiveness, Toronto Economic Development, University of Toronto.
Www. gucp. Org/en, (2008). Global Urban Competitiveness Project (GUCP) and The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011©2010 World EconomicForum
RANCI ORTIGOSA, C. (2011). Social cohesion and economic competitiveness in six global European cities. In The struggle to belong. Dealing with diversity in 21st century urban settings (pp. 1-31).
Opricovic, S., Tzeng, G. H. (2007). Extended VIKOR method in comparison with outranking methods. European journal of operational research, 178(2), 514-529.
