عملکرد نخود (Cicer arietinum) در کشت مخلوط با زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum) تحت تاثیر تاریخ‌های کشت
محورهای موضوعی :
اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
وحید قهرمانی قلعه جق
1
,
محمدتقی ناصری پور یزدی
2
,
رضا کمائی
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری اگرواکولوژی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 - دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/06/14
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/07/11
تاریخ انتشار : 1396/05/01
کلید واژه:
کشاورزی پایدار,
کشت مخلوط,
نسبت برابری زمین,
نخود,
عملکرد اقتصادی,
چکیده مقاله :
برخی از ویژگی های رشدی و عملکرد نخود تحت تاثیر زمان های مختلف در کشت خالص و مخلوط با زیره سبز طی آزمایشی به صـورت طرح بلـوک کامل تصـادفی با سـه تکرار در سال زراعی 92-1391 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل (3 تاریخ کشت خالص نخود و 3 تاریخ کشت مخلوط با زیره سبز کشت خالص 25 بهمن ماه، کشت خالص 10 اسفند ماه، کشت خالص 26 اسفند ماه، کشت مخلوط همزمان زیره سبز با نخود در 25 بهمن ماه، کشت مخلوط جایگزینی 10 اسفند ماه و کشت مخلوط جایگزینی 26 اسفند ماه) بودند. نتایج نشان داد تیمارها اثر معنیداری بر روی صفات عملکرد دانه، عملکرد ماده خشک، ارتفاع بوته، نسبت وزن ساقه به ریشه، وزن هزار دانه، تعداد ساقه فرعی بوته و درصد غلاف پوک داشت. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (1435 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، ارتفاع تعداد ساقه فرعی نسبت وزنی اندام هوایی به ریشه، وزن هزار دانه در تیمار کشت خالص نخود 25 بهمن ماه حاصل شدند. ارزیابی نسبت برابری زمین در تیمارهای کشت مخلوط نشان داد بیش ترین LERs (33/2) مربوط به تیمار کشت مخلوط 26 اسفند ماه و کمترین LERs (24/1) مربوط به تیمار مخلوط 25 بهمن ماه بودند. با توجه به نتایج آزمایش بهترین تاریخ کشت خالص در منطقه می تواند دهه سوم بهمن ماه و برای کشت مخلوط با زیره سبز اواخر دهه اول اسفند و اوایل دهه دوم اسفند باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
To evaluate the effect of different planting dates on yield and yield components of Chickpea) Cicer arietinum( in sole cropping and intercropping with Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), an experiment was conducted in completely randomized block design with three replications at Research Farm of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2013. The Treatments consisted of three sole cropping and intercropping dates as foloows: chickpea sole cropping in 13 February 2013 (PP1125), chickpea sole cropping in 22 February 2013 (PP1210), chickpea sole cropping in 16 March 2013 (PP1226), chickpea and cumin intercropping in 13 February (PC1125), replacement intercropping in 22 February (PC1210), replacement intercropping in 16 March 2013. The result showed that the highest chickpea seed yield (1435 kg.ha-1), plant height (38.5cm), number of stems (5.7), R.S-1 (3.166) and 1000-seed weight (377g) were obtained in chickpea sole cropping in 13 February planting date (PP1125). The results in intercropping treatments also showed that the highest LER (2.33) was obtained in March 16 relay intercropping treatment (PC1226) and lowest LER (1.24) in February 13 intercropping treatment (PC1125). According to the result the best dates in this region for sole cropping and intercropping with cumin, whould be second and third week of February.
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