کشت در شیشه میخک و خوگیری گیاهچه در شرایط خارج از شیشه
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
مه لقا قربانلی
1
(گروه زیست‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، ایران)
ف نوری کوتنانی
2
(گروه زیست‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، ایران)
ب الله‌وردی ممقانی
3
(مرکز تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: محلول غذایی, ریز ازدیادی, تنظیم کننده‌های رشد گیاه, Dianthus caryophyllus واریته سوریز روآیالت,
چکیده مقاله :
Dianthus caryophyllus یکی از مهمترین گونه‌های جنس میخک است. برای تکثیر گیاهان بدون ویروس کشت در شیشه این گیاه، واریته سوریز روآیالت مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. جداکشت‌ها در محیط کشتی که محتوی 1 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 6-بنزیل آمینو پورین بود، کشت داده شوند. 6-بنزیل آمینو بورین به تنهایی در جداکشت‌های گره و بین گره کالوس القا کرد. برای بدست آوردن اندام‌زایی، کالوس‌ها در محیط اندرسون با، یا بدون تنظیم کننده رشد، واکشت گردیدند. بیشترین طول اندام هوایی در محیط بدون هرگونه تنظیم کننده رشد بدست آمد. بیشترین تولید شاخه‌ها در محیط اندرسون با مکمل 4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر کینتین و 1/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نفتالن استیک اسید بدست آمد. پیدایش ریشه در محیط با 5/0 و 1 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نفتالن استیک اسید مشاهده شد. گیاهچه‌های ریشه‌دار شده به داخل گلدان دارای پرلیت منتقل و بوسیله محلولهای غذایی مختلف آبیاری شدند. اثر محلولهای غذایی (MC, MS, OM, An) مختلف بر رشد و نمو گیاهچه‌ها مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد که محیط اندرسون نسبت به سایر محیط‌ها موثرتر بود. گیاهان سازگار شده به خاک منتقل شدند. تمام آنها در شرایط مزرعه به زندگی ادامه داده و پس از 4 ماه گل دادند.
Dianthus caryophyllus is one of the most important species in Dianthus genus. In order to propagation virus-free plant material, in vitro culture of this species var cerise royallette were studied. Explants were cultured in Anderson medium containing 1 mgl-1 6-benzylaminopurine. 6-benzylaminopurine alone induced callus in nodes and internodes explants. To achieve organogenesis, calli subcultured onto Anderson medium with or without plant growth regulator. The highest shoot length was obtained in medium without any hormone. The most suitable adventitious shoot regeneration medium was Anderson medium supplement with 4 mgl-1 Kin and 0.1 mgl-1 NAA. Root regeneration was observ ed in medium with 0.5 and 1 mgl-1 naphtalenacetic acid. Rooted plantlet transferred into pot with perlite and irrigated by different nutrient solution. The effect of different nutrient solution (An, OM, MS, MC) on growth and development of plantlet were compared. The results showed Anderson medium was more effective than the others. Acclimatized plants were transferred to soil. All plants were survived in field condition and produced flower after 4 months.
Anderson W C, (1975) Tissue culture propagation of Rhododendrons in vitro. 14: 334 (abs).
Casanova E, valdes AE, Fernandez B, Moysset L, Trillas, M I (2004) Levels and immunolocalization of endogenous cytokinins in thidiazuron–induced shoot organogenesis in carnation, Journal of Plant Physiology, 161 (1): 95-104.
Genkov T, Tsoneva P, Ivanova I, (1997) Effect of cytokinins on photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyllase activity in in vitro cultures of auxillary buds of Dianthus caryophyllus L. Journal of Plant growth regulation, 16 (3): 169-172.
Hammatt N, Grant NJ, (1997) Micropropagation of mature british wild cherry, Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 47: 103-110.
Fal MA, Majada JP, Gonzalez A, Sanches Tames R, (1999). Difference between Dianthus caryophyllus L. cultivar in in vitro growth and morphogenesis are related to their ethylene production. Plant growth regulation, 27(2): 131-136.
Jethwani V, Kothari S L, (1996) phenylacetic acid induced organogenesis in cultured leaf segments of Dianthus chinensis. Plant Cell Report, 15 (11): 869-872.
Leshem B, (1986) Carnation Plantlet from vitrified plants as a source of somaclonal variation. Hort Science, 21: 320-321.
Nontaswatsri C, Fukai S, Touma T, Goi M, (2002). Compartion adventitious shoot formation from node and leaf explants of various carnation Dianthus caryophyllus L. cultivars, The journal of horticultural science and biotechnology. 77(5): 520-525.
Nugent, G., Wardley-Richardson, T. and Lu, C. (1991) Plant regeneration from stem and petal of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), Plant Cell Report, 10(9):477-480.
Majada JP, Tadeo F, Fal M.A, Sanchez-Tames R, (2000) Impact of culture vessel ventilation on the anatomy and morphology of micropropagated carnation. Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 63 (3), 207-214.
Miller RM, Kaul V, Hutchinson JF, Richards D, (1991a) Adventitious shoot regeneration in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) from auxillary bud explants. Annals of Botany, 67(1): 33-42.
Miller RM, Kaul V, Hutchinson JF, Mahesvaran G, Richards D, (1991b) Shoot regeneration from fragmented flower buds of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus). Annals of Botany, 68(6): 563-568.
Misra P, and Chaturvedi H C, (1984) Micropropagation of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 3: 163-168
Murashige T, and Skoog F, (1962) Revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue culture, Physiologia Plantarum,15: 473-479
Podwyszynska M, (2003) Cell Tissue and Organ culture (Rooting of micropropagated shoot). In: Roberts AV, Debener T, and Gudin S, Encyclopedia of Rose science. Elsevier Press.
Pospislova J, Ticha I, Kadlecek P, Haisel D, (1999) Acclimatization of micropropagated plants to ex vitro condition. Biologia Plantarum, 42(4): 481-497.
Saher S, Piqeras A, Hellin E, Olmos E, (2004) Hyperhhydricity in micropropagated carnation shoots: the role of oxidative stress. Physiologia Plantarum, 120 (1); 152-161.
Saher S, Piqeras A, Hellin E, Olmos E, (2005) Prevention of hyperhydricity in micropropagated carnation shoots by bottom cooling : implications of oxidative stress, Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 81(2): 149-158.
Yadav MK, Gaur AK, Garg GK, (2003) Development of suitable protocol to overcome hyperhydricityin carnation during micropropagation, Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 72(2): 153-156.
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Anderson W C, (1975) Tissue culture propagation of Rhododendrons in vitro. 14: 334 (abs).
Casanova E, valdes AE, Fernandez B, Moysset L, Trillas, M I (2004) Levels and immunolocalization of endogenous cytokinins in thidiazuron–induced shoot organogenesis in carnation, Journal of Plant Physiology, 161 (1): 95-104.
Genkov T, Tsoneva P, Ivanova I, (1997) Effect of cytokinins on photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyllase activity in in vitro cultures of auxillary buds of Dianthus caryophyllus L. Journal of Plant growth regulation, 16 (3): 169-172.
Hammatt N, Grant NJ, (1997) Micropropagation of mature british wild cherry, Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 47: 103-110.
Fal MA, Majada JP, Gonzalez A, Sanches Tames R, (1999). Difference between Dianthus caryophyllus L. cultivar in in vitro growth and morphogenesis are related to their ethylene production. Plant growth regulation, 27(2): 131-136.
Jethwani V, Kothari S L, (1996) phenylacetic acid induced organogenesis in cultured leaf segments of Dianthus chinensis. Plant Cell Report, 15 (11): 869-872.
Leshem B, (1986) Carnation Plantlet from vitrified plants as a source of somaclonal variation. Hort Science, 21: 320-321.
Nontaswatsri C, Fukai S, Touma T, Goi M, (2002). Compartion adventitious shoot formation from node and leaf explants of various carnation Dianthus caryophyllus L. cultivars, The journal of horticultural science and biotechnology. 77(5): 520-525.
Nugent, G., Wardley-Richardson, T. and Lu, C. (1991) Plant regeneration from stem and petal of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), Plant Cell Report, 10(9):477-480.
Majada JP, Tadeo F, Fal M.A, Sanchez-Tames R, (2000) Impact of culture vessel ventilation on the anatomy and morphology of micropropagated carnation. Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 63 (3), 207-214.
Miller RM, Kaul V, Hutchinson JF, Richards D, (1991a) Adventitious shoot regeneration in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) from auxillary bud explants. Annals of Botany, 67(1): 33-42.
Miller RM, Kaul V, Hutchinson JF, Mahesvaran G, Richards D, (1991b) Shoot regeneration from fragmented flower buds of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus). Annals of Botany, 68(6): 563-568.
Misra P, and Chaturvedi H C, (1984) Micropropagation of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 3: 163-168
Murashige T, and Skoog F, (1962) Revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue culture, Physiologia Plantarum,15: 473-479
Podwyszynska M, (2003) Cell Tissue and Organ culture (Rooting of micropropagated shoot). In: Roberts AV, Debener T, and Gudin S, Encyclopedia of Rose science. Elsevier Press.
Pospislova J, Ticha I, Kadlecek P, Haisel D, (1999) Acclimatization of micropropagated plants to ex vitro condition. Biologia Plantarum, 42(4): 481-497.
Saher S, Piqeras A, Hellin E, Olmos E, (2004) Hyperhhydricity in micropropagated carnation shoots: the role of oxidative stress. Physiologia Plantarum, 120 (1); 152-161.
Saher S, Piqeras A, Hellin E, Olmos E, (2005) Prevention of hyperhydricity in micropropagated carnation shoots by bottom cooling : implications of oxidative stress, Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 81(2): 149-158.
Yadav MK, Gaur AK, Garg GK, (2003) Development of suitable protocol to overcome hyperhydricityin carnation during micropropagation, Plant cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 72(2): 153-156.