تاثیر کود شیمیایی اوره و محلول پاشی عصاره جلبک دریایی Ulva fasciata Delile بر برخی فاکتورهای رشدی یونجه (Medicago sativa L.)
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی محیطیمهدی رضوانی مهر 1 , سید منصور سیدنژاد 2 , آزاده نیرومند 3 * , عبدالعلی گیلانی 4
1 - 1- گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
4 - بخش اصلاح و تهیه بذر، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منایع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران
کلید واژه: اوره, رشد, رنگیزه, عصاره جلبکی, یونجه.,
چکیده مقاله :
مصرف بی رویه کودهای شیمیایی به منظور افزایش عملکرد محصولات زراعی مختلف سبب ایجاد آسیبهای متعددی در زمینه های مختلف شده است. جامعه جهانی به منظور کاهش میزان خطرات و آسیبهای ناشی از مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و در عین حال حفظ میزان عملکرد محصول، به سمت استفاده از کودها و محرکهای زیستی در قالب کشاورزی ارگانیک گام بر میدارد. در این راستا به منظور بررسی تاثیر کود شیمیایی اوره و محلول پاشی عصاره جلبک دریایی Ulva fasciata Delile بر فاکتورهای رشدی یونجه (( Medicago sativa L. ، پژوهشی در سال 1400-1399به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی و با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی شاوور و آزمایشگاه فیزیولوژی گیاهی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز به انجام رسید. تیمارهای موردنظر جهت انجام این آزمایش شامل4 سطح غلظتهای مختلف کود شیمیایی اوره ( 0، 40، 70 و 100 درصد مقدار متداول مصرف کود شیمیایی اوره ) و 4 سطح غلظتهای مختلف عصاره جلبکی اولوا ( 0، 5، 10 و 15 درصد) بود. غلظت های مختلف کود شیمیایی اوره به صورت کاربرد خاکی و غلظتهای مختلف عصاره جلبکی اولوا به صورت محلول پاشی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. گیاهان تیمار شده در مرحله فاز زایشی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصله توسط نرم افزار MSTAT-C مورد تجزیه آماری قرار گرفت. بررسی مقایسه میانگین اثر متقابل کود اوره و عصاره جلبکی نشان داد که کاربرد 15 درصد عصاره جلبکی اولوا به همراه 70 درصد مقدار متداول مصرف کود شیمیایی اوره منجر به افزایش فاکتورهای مورد نظر نسبت به سایر تیمارها میشود. به علاوه میزان مالون دی آلدئید در گیاهان تیمار شده با عصاره جلبکی اولوا کاهش یافت. بر این اساس میتوان بیان کرد که محلول پاشی غلظت 15 درصد عصاره جلبکی، اثری تقریبا مشابه با نصف میزان مصرف متداول کود شیمیایی اوره درپی دارد.
Improper use of chemical fertilizers to increase the yield of various crops has caused numerous damages in various fields .The international community is moving towards the use of fertilizers and bio stimulants in the form of organic agriculture in order to reduce the risks and harms caused by the use of chemical fertilizers and at the same time maintain crop yields. In order to investigate the effect of urea chemical fertilizer and foliar application of Ulva fasciata Delile seaweed extract on growth factors of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), A Split plot study was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Shavour Agricultural Research Station and Plant Physiology Laboratory of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 1399-1400. The treatments for this experiment included different concentrations of 4 levels urea fertilizer (0, 40, 70 and 100% of the usual amount of urea fertilizer) and different concentrations of 4 levels ulva seaweed extract (0, 5, 10 and 15%). Different concentrations of urea chemical fertilizer were used as soil application and different concentrations of ulva seaweed extract were used as foliar application. The treated plants were examined in the beginning of reproductive phase. The results were statistically analyzed by MSTAT-C software. Comparison of the mean interaction of urea fertilizer and seaweed extract showed that the application of 15% ulva seaweed extract along with 70% of the usual amount of urea chemical fertilizer leads to an increase in the desired factors compared to other treatments. In addition, malondialdehyde a level in plants treated with ulva seaweed extract were decreased. Based on this, it can be said that foliar application of 15% seaweed extract has an effect almost similar to half of the usual application of urea chemical fertilizer.
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