بررسی تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف شکست خواب بذر بر جوانه‌زنی گونه اسپرس درختی (Taverniera cuneifolia)
محورهای موضوعی :
ژنتیک
محمد پیچند
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشکده منابع طبیعی- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- نور ایران)
قاسمعلی دیانتی تیلکی
2
(دانشیار گروه مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران.)
حسین مرادی
3
(دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/09/30
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/10/23
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/04/01
کلید واژه:
جوانه‌زنی,
خواب بذر,
اسید سولفوریک,
Taverniera cuneifolia,
خراش‌دهی,
چکیده مقاله :
گیاه اسپرس درختی (Taverniera cuneifolia) از خانواده Fabaceae، یکی از گونه‌های گیاهی ارزشمند و سازگار با مناطق بیابانی است که از نظر تولید علوفه، حفاظت خاک و ارزش دارویی بسیار حائز اهمیت است. تحقیق حاضر به منظور بررسی تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف شکست خواب و تحریک جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه T.cuneifolia انجام گردید. تیمارهای اسیدسولفوریک 50 و 75 درصد (به مدت 5 و 10 دقیقه)، خراش‌دهی با کاغذ سمباده به مدت 1 دقیقه، نیترات پتاسیم 1/0 و 2/0 درصد (به مدت 24 و 48 ساعت)، آب داغ 70 و 90 درجه سانتی‌گراد (به مدت 15 دقیقه) و خیساندن در آب معمولی به مدت 36 ساعت با سه تکرار بر روی بذور اسپرس درختی اعمال شد. در پایان آزمایش طول ریشه‌چه، طول ساقه‌چه، درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، میانگین زمان جوانه‌زنی، شاخص بنیه بذر برای تیمارهای مختلف محاسبه گردید. در تیمار اسیدسولفوریک 75 درصد (برای مدت زمان 5 دقیقه) سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر و شاخص بنیه بذر بیشترین مقدار و میانگین زمان جوانه‌زنی بذر کمترین مقدار را داشتند. نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی بذرها (78 درصد) در اثر اعمال تیمار اسیدسولفوریک 75 درصد (برای مدت زمان 5 دقیقه) بوده است. تیمار خراش‌دهی با کاغذ سمباده نیز اثر قابل‌توجهی بر افزایش درصد جوانه‌زنی (76 درصد) نشان داد؛ بنابراین به‌طورکلی می‌توان عنوان کرد که مناسب‌ترین تیمار جهت شکست خواب بذر گیاه اسپرس درختی اسیدسولفوریک 75 درصد به مدت 5 دقیقه و خراش‌دهی با سمباده به واسطه نرم کردن پوسته می‌تواند سبب بهبود جوانه‌زنی بذر گردد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The genus Taverniera from Fabaceae family is one of the most valuable plant species compatible with desert areas, which is very important in terms of forage production, soil conservation, and medicinal properties. The current research was carried out to investigate the effect of different treatments on seed dormancy breaking and germination stimulation of taverniera cuneifolia. Dormancy breaking treatments included H2SO4 (50% and 75% for 5 and 10 min.), scarification with sandpaper (for 1 min.), KNO3 (0.1% and 0.2% for 24 and 48 h.), hot water (70 and 90 ℃, each for 15 min.) and hydropriming (for 36 h.) with three replications. Results revealed that H2SO4 (75% for 5 min.) led to the highest germination speed and seed vigor index and the lowest mean germination time. Also, maximum germination percentage (78%) was observed under this treatment. Scarification with sandpaper also exhibited considerable effect on the germination percentage (76%). Thus, H2SO4 (75% for 5 min.) and scarification with sandpaper would be suggested as the most efficient treatments to break seed dormancy of Taverniera cuneifolia.
منابع و مأخذ:
Addis, G. (2003). Treatments promoting germination of Taverniera abyssinica seeds. Seed Science and Technology. 31(3): 579-586.
Agah, F., Esmaeili, M.A., Farzam, M. and Abbasi, R. (2019). Effect of Dormancy Breaking Treatments and Seed Bed Medium on Seed Germination and Morphology of Capparis spinosa L. Seedlings. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology. 9(3): 45-57.
Aliero, B.L. (2004). Effects of sulphuric acid, mechanical scarification and wet heat treatments on germination of seeds of African locust bean tree, Parkia biglobosa, African Journal of Biotechnology. 3(3): 179-181.
Arbabian, S., Moghanloo, M. and Majd, A. (2009). Investigation of seed dormancy failure methods in Astragalus fridae Rech. Journal of Biological Sciences. 2(4): 50-45.
Asadpour, R. (2015). Final report of autoecology of Taverniera cuneifolia in Hormozgan province.
Aydin, I. and Uzun, F. (2001). The effects of some applications on germination rate of Gelemen Clover seeds gathered from natural vegetation in Sumsun, Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 4: 181-183.
Boscaglia, B. and Setteb, B. (2001). Seed enhancement of the Satureja Montana Seed Science and Technology. 29: 347-355.
chopan, F., mahmodian, A., aranian, V. and niknahad, H. (2019). Study of different methods of seed dormancy and determine the Planting depth in Alhagi camelorum. Natural Ecosystems of Iran. 9(4): 46-61.
Ebrahimi, A. and Eslami, S. (2013). Breaking dormancy and the effect of some environmental factors on the germination of yellow speckled seeds (Reseda lutea L.). Plant Protection (Agricultural Science and Technology). 27(2): 177-184.
Farhoudi, R., Modhej, A. and Motamedi, M. (2020). Evalution of Arctium lappa seed dormancy breaking methods. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research. 7(4): 505-517.
Fedrico, P.O. and Mollard, P. (2009). Breaking setaria parviflora seed dormancy by nitratcs and light is partofa mechanism that detects a drawdown period after frooding, Aquatid Botany. 91: 54-60.
Fenner, M.W. (2012). Seed ecology. Springer Science & Business Media, PP.72-86
Gairola, K.C., Nautiyal A.R. and Dwivedi A.K. (2011). Effect of Temperatures and Germination Media on Seed Germination of Jatropha Curcas Linn. Advances in Bioresearch. 2(2): 66-71.
Garcia-Gusano, M., Martýnez-Gomez, P. and Dicenta, F. (2004). Breaking seed dormancy in almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb). Scientia Horticulturae. 99: 363-370.
Ghasemi Pirbaloti, A., Golparvar, A., Riahi dehkordi, M. and Navid, M. (2008). The effect of different treatments on seeds dormancy and germination of five species of medicinal plants of Chahar Mahal and Bakhteyari Prove Journal Construction. 74:185-192.
Ghazanchian, A. (2011). Determination of Best Seed Priming Model for Improvement of Germination and Seedling of Pistachio Bushes. Environmental Journal of Stresses in Crop Science. 4(1): 77-86.
Hajebi, A. and Soltanipoor, M. (2021). Investigation on effect of provenance collection and pre-treatments on seedling production of Taverniera cuneifolia. Iranian journal of rangeland and desert research. 28 (2): 308-316. Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. 85 p.
International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). (2003). Amendments 2006 to ISTA Handbook on seedling evaluation, 3rd edition, pp.520.
(1985). International Seed Testing Association. ISTA Handbook on Seedling Evaluation.
Kaya, M., Kaya, G., Kaya, M.D., Atak, M., Saglam, S., Khawar, K.M. and Ciftci, C.Y. (2008). Interaction Between Seed Size and NaCl on Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Some Turkish Cultivars of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum ). Journal of Zhejiang University Science. 9(5): 371-377.
Korres, N.E. (2005). Encyclopaedic dictionary of weed science: Theory and digest. Paris: Lavoisier. 724 p.
Labbafi, M.R., Mehrafarin, A., Naghdibadi, H., Gorbani, M. and Tavakoli, (2018). Investigating the effect of various chemical and non-chemical treatments break dormancy galbanum seeds Ferula gummosa Boiss. Journal of Ecology-Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants. 6(2): 80-88.
Mohammad, S. and Amusa, N.A. (2003). Effects of sulphuric acid and hot water treatment on seed germination of Tamarindus indica. African Journal of biotechnology. 2: 270-274.
Nabai, M., Roshandel, P., and Mohammad Khani, A. (2013). The effect of different chemical treatments, hot water and running water on dormancy failure of Arctium lappa Journal of Plant Research. 26(2): 225-217.
Nasiri, M. (2008). Determining the optimal treatment for breaking dormancy and increasing germination of Acer monospessulanum Genetic Research and Breeding of Rangeland and Forest Plants in Iran. 16(1): 105-94.
Panahi, F and Arest, M. (2019). The effect of different treatments on seeds dormancy and germination of Gundelia tournefortii. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research. 6(3): 347-358.
Rahnama, A. and Tavakkol-Afshari, R. (2007). Methods for dormancy breaking of Galbanum (Ferula gummosa). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 6: 611-616.
Rechinger, K.H. (1984). Flora Iranica , AkademischeDruke- u.Velagsanstalt. Graz. Austria. 150:479.
Rostamipoor, A., Mordai, A. and Eisvand, H. (2020). Effect of Seed Dormancy Breaking Treatments on Germination and α-amylase Enzyme Activity in Seeds of Three Ecotypes of Astragalus (Astragalus cyclophyllu). Iranian Journal of Seed Research. 6(2): 15-29
Sacheti, U. and Al-Rawahy, S. H. (2005). The effect of various pretreatments on the germination of important leguminous shrub-tree species of the Sultanate of Oman. Seed Sci. Technol. 26: 691-699.
Sadeghi, S., Yaghobi Ashrafi, Z., Fakhr Tabatabai, M. and Alizadeh, H. M. (2009). Study methods of Dormancy breaking and germination of common madder (Rubia tinctorum) seed in laboratory conditions. Botany Research International. 2(1): 7-10.
Shahdad Neghad, M., Salehi Sardoei, A., Motamedi Sharak, H., Khodabakhsh, A., Khazae, I. and Fatahi Siahkamari, S. (2019). Effect of GA3 and BA on the Growth and Photosynthetic Pigment Changes Spathiphyllum wallissi Indoor Flower, Journal of Plant and Biotechnology. 14(1): 7-14.
Shamsodin, F., moshki, A., ravanbakhsh, H. and mollashahi, M. (2020). Effect of seed breaking dormancy treatments on Prosopis farcta L. seed collected from desert and plantation ecosystems of Semnan. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology. 8(2): 189-198.
Sharifi, H., Nemati, A.and Gerdakaneh, M. (2017). Breaking seed dormancy and improve germina tion of four medicinal species of apiaceae by gibberellic acid and prechilling treatments. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research. 4(3): 27-38.
Stadler, M., Dagne, E. and Anke, H.
(1994). Nematicidal activity of two phytoalexins from Taverniera abyssynica. Planta Medica. 60(6): 550–552.
Sxitus, C.R., Hill, G.D. and Scoot, R.R. (2003). The effect of temperature and scarification method on Ulex europaeus seed germination. New Zealand Plant Protection. 56: 201-205.
Tavili, A., Saberi, M., Naseri, H.R. and Etemad, V. (2008). Comparison of the effect of different methods of sleep failure on seed germination of bovine tail. Rangeland Scientific Research Journal. 2(4): 410-402.
Tavili, A., Zare, S., and Yari, R. (2010). The effect of different treatments on dormancy failure and stimulation of seed germination of Ammodendron (Ammodendron persicum). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research. 17(3): 475-466.
Tavili, A., Abasi Khaleki, M. and Moameri, M. (2013). Effect of different treatment on breaking seed dormancy and germination and some charecteries of Astragalus gossypinus, Iranian journal of Seed Science and Technology. 1(1): 64-72.
Zare, A. and Moosavi, A. (2021). Effects of different treatments on seed dormancy breaking in Syrian Thistle (Notobasis syriaca) as the first report in Iran. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science. 52(2): 133-144.
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Addis, G. (2003). Treatments promoting germination of Taverniera abyssinica seeds. Seed Science and Technology. 31(3): 579-586.
Agah, F., Esmaeili, M.A., Farzam, M. and Abbasi, R. (2019). Effect of Dormancy Breaking Treatments and Seed Bed Medium on Seed Germination and Morphology of Capparis spinosa L. Seedlings. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology. 9(3): 45-57.
Aliero, B.L. (2004). Effects of sulphuric acid, mechanical scarification and wet heat treatments on germination of seeds of African locust bean tree, Parkia biglobosa, African Journal of Biotechnology. 3(3): 179-181.
Arbabian, S., Moghanloo, M. and Majd, A. (2009). Investigation of seed dormancy failure methods in Astragalus fridae Rech. Journal of Biological Sciences. 2(4): 50-45.
Asadpour, R. (2015). Final report of autoecology of Taverniera cuneifolia in Hormozgan province.
Aydin, I. and Uzun, F. (2001). The effects of some applications on germination rate of Gelemen Clover seeds gathered from natural vegetation in Sumsun, Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 4: 181-183.
Boscaglia, B. and Setteb, B. (2001). Seed enhancement of the Satureja Montana Seed Science and Technology. 29: 347-355.
chopan, F., mahmodian, A., aranian, V. and niknahad, H. (2019). Study of different methods of seed dormancy and determine the Planting depth in Alhagi camelorum. Natural Ecosystems of Iran. 9(4): 46-61.
Ebrahimi, A. and Eslami, S. (2013). Breaking dormancy and the effect of some environmental factors on the germination of yellow speckled seeds (Reseda lutea L.). Plant Protection (Agricultural Science and Technology). 27(2): 177-184.
Farhoudi, R., Modhej, A. and Motamedi, M. (2020). Evalution of Arctium lappa seed dormancy breaking methods. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research. 7(4): 505-517.
Fedrico, P.O. and Mollard, P. (2009). Breaking setaria parviflora seed dormancy by nitratcs and light is partofa mechanism that detects a drawdown period after frooding, Aquatid Botany. 91: 54-60.
Fenner, M.W. (2012). Seed ecology. Springer Science & Business Media, PP.72-86
Gairola, K.C., Nautiyal A.R. and Dwivedi A.K. (2011). Effect of Temperatures and Germination Media on Seed Germination of Jatropha Curcas Linn. Advances in Bioresearch. 2(2): 66-71.
Garcia-Gusano, M., Martýnez-Gomez, P. and Dicenta, F. (2004). Breaking seed dormancy in almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb). Scientia Horticulturae. 99: 363-370.
Ghasemi Pirbaloti, A., Golparvar, A., Riahi dehkordi, M. and Navid, M. (2008). The effect of different treatments on seeds dormancy and germination of five species of medicinal plants of Chahar Mahal and Bakhteyari Prove Journal Construction. 74:185-192.
Ghazanchian, A. (2011). Determination of Best Seed Priming Model for Improvement of Germination and Seedling of Pistachio Bushes. Environmental Journal of Stresses in Crop Science. 4(1): 77-86.
Hajebi, A. and Soltanipoor, M. (2021). Investigation on effect of provenance collection and pre-treatments on seedling production of Taverniera cuneifolia. Iranian journal of rangeland and desert research. 28 (2): 308-316. Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. 85 p.
International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). (2003). Amendments 2006 to ISTA Handbook on seedling evaluation, 3rd edition, pp.520.
(1985). International Seed Testing Association. ISTA Handbook on Seedling Evaluation.
Kaya, M., Kaya, G., Kaya, M.D., Atak, M., Saglam, S., Khawar, K.M. and Ciftci, C.Y. (2008). Interaction Between Seed Size and NaCl on Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Some Turkish Cultivars of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum ). Journal of Zhejiang University Science. 9(5): 371-377.
Korres, N.E. (2005). Encyclopaedic dictionary of weed science: Theory and digest. Paris: Lavoisier. 724 p.
Labbafi, M.R., Mehrafarin, A., Naghdibadi, H., Gorbani, M. and Tavakoli, (2018). Investigating the effect of various chemical and non-chemical treatments break dormancy galbanum seeds Ferula gummosa Boiss. Journal of Ecology-Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants. 6(2): 80-88.
Mohammad, S. and Amusa, N.A. (2003). Effects of sulphuric acid and hot water treatment on seed germination of Tamarindus indica. African Journal of biotechnology. 2: 270-274.
Nabai, M., Roshandel, P., and Mohammad Khani, A. (2013). The effect of different chemical treatments, hot water and running water on dormancy failure of Arctium lappa Journal of Plant Research. 26(2): 225-217.
Nasiri, M. (2008). Determining the optimal treatment for breaking dormancy and increasing germination of Acer monospessulanum Genetic Research and Breeding of Rangeland and Forest Plants in Iran. 16(1): 105-94.
Panahi, F and Arest, M. (2019). The effect of different treatments on seeds dormancy and germination of Gundelia tournefortii. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research. 6(3): 347-358.
Rahnama, A. and Tavakkol-Afshari, R. (2007). Methods for dormancy breaking of Galbanum (Ferula gummosa). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 6: 611-616.
Rechinger, K.H. (1984). Flora Iranica , AkademischeDruke- u.Velagsanstalt. Graz. Austria. 150:479.
Rostamipoor, A., Mordai, A. and Eisvand, H. (2020). Effect of Seed Dormancy Breaking Treatments on Germination and α-amylase Enzyme Activity in Seeds of Three Ecotypes of Astragalus (Astragalus cyclophyllu). Iranian Journal of Seed Research. 6(2): 15-29
Sacheti, U. and Al-Rawahy, S. H. (2005). The effect of various pretreatments on the germination of important leguminous shrub-tree species of the Sultanate of Oman. Seed Sci. Technol. 26: 691-699.
Sadeghi, S., Yaghobi Ashrafi, Z., Fakhr Tabatabai, M. and Alizadeh, H. M. (2009). Study methods of Dormancy breaking and germination of common madder (Rubia tinctorum) seed in laboratory conditions. Botany Research International. 2(1): 7-10.
Shahdad Neghad, M., Salehi Sardoei, A., Motamedi Sharak, H., Khodabakhsh, A., Khazae, I. and Fatahi Siahkamari, S. (2019). Effect of GA3 and BA on the Growth and Photosynthetic Pigment Changes Spathiphyllum wallissi Indoor Flower, Journal of Plant and Biotechnology. 14(1): 7-14.
Shamsodin, F., moshki, A., ravanbakhsh, H. and mollashahi, M. (2020). Effect of seed breaking dormancy treatments on Prosopis farcta L. seed collected from desert and plantation ecosystems of Semnan. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology. 8(2): 189-198.
Sharifi, H., Nemati, A.and Gerdakaneh, M. (2017). Breaking seed dormancy and improve germina tion of four medicinal species of apiaceae by gibberellic acid and prechilling treatments. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research. 4(3): 27-38.
Stadler, M., Dagne, E. and Anke, H.
(1994). Nematicidal activity of two phytoalexins from Taverniera abyssynica. Planta Medica. 60(6): 550–552.
Sxitus, C.R., Hill, G.D. and Scoot, R.R. (2003). The effect of temperature and scarification method on Ulex europaeus seed germination. New Zealand Plant Protection. 56: 201-205.
Tavili, A., Saberi, M., Naseri, H.R. and Etemad, V. (2008). Comparison of the effect of different methods of sleep failure on seed germination of bovine tail. Rangeland Scientific Research Journal. 2(4): 410-402.
Tavili, A., Zare, S., and Yari, R. (2010). The effect of different treatments on dormancy failure and stimulation of seed germination of Ammodendron (Ammodendron persicum). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research. 17(3): 475-466.
Tavili, A., Abasi Khaleki, M. and Moameri, M. (2013). Effect of different treatment on breaking seed dormancy and germination and some charecteries of Astragalus gossypinus, Iranian journal of Seed Science and Technology. 1(1): 64-72.
Zare, A. and Moosavi, A. (2021). Effects of different treatments on seed dormancy breaking in Syrian Thistle (Notobasis syriaca) as the first report in Iran. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science. 52(2): 133-144.
