برهم¬کنش تنش شوری و نانوذره کیتوزان بر روی برخی از خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی و عناصر ریزمغذی برگ و ریشه ذرت (Zea mays L)
محورهای موضوعی : تنش
سیده نسرین وقار موسوی
1
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سارا سعادتمند
2
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رشید جامعی
3
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رضا درویش زاده
4
1 - دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های هم‌گرا، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،تهران، ایران.
3 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
4 - گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
کلید واژه: تنش محیطی, ذرت, فعالیت پاداکسندگی, فنل و فلاونوئید, کیتوزان,
چکیده مقاله :
نظر به این¬که عملکرد ذرت تحت تأثیر شوری کاهش می¬یابد، در تحقیق حاضر اثر این تنش بر روی رقم سینگل کراس 201 ذرت بررسی و نقش تعدیل¬کنندگی نانوذره کیتوزان ارزیابی شد. بدین منظور، بذور در گلدان¬هایی کشت شدند و در مرحله چهار برگی تیمارهای مختلف یعنی تنش شوری در سه سطح 0، 05/0 و 1/0 مولار و اسپری نانو ذره کیتوزان nm 50 با غلظت¬های 0، 05/0 و 1/0 گرم بر لیتر اعمال گردید. نتایج نشان داد که اثر ساده عوامل مورد مطالعه یعنی شوری، نانوذره و بافت گیاه بر میزان تمام صفات معنی¬دار بود. علاوه بر این، برهم¬کنش شوری × نانوذره × بافت برای اکثر صفات به شدت معنی¬دار شد. صفاتی مانند فنل، فلاونوئید، آنتوسیانین، جاروب¬کنندگی رادیکال DPPH و محتوای نیتروژن و روی در برگ ذرت بسیار بیشتر از ریشه آن بود. در اکثر صفات اختلاف آماری معنی¬داری بین تیمارهای مورد مطالعه در بافت ریشه مشاهده نشد، در حالی که در بافت برگ شاهد تفاوت معنی¬دار بین میانگین¬ها بودیم. میزان فنل و فلاونوئید، درصد جاروب¬کنندگی رادیکال¬های آزاد DPPH و آنتوسیانین برگ ذرت با افزایش غلظت محلول¬پاشی نانوذره کیتوزان و نیز سطح شوری به¬¬ترتیب افزایش و کاهش معنی¬داری داشتند. همچنین با تشدید تنش شوری به¬وضوح میزان آهن و روی در برگ ذرت کاهش یافت که استفاده از محلول¬پاشی نانوذره کیتوزان تا حد زیادی این روند را بهبود داد. با توجه به عملکرد مطلوب نانوذره کیتوزان و خطرات پایین زیست‌محیطی آن توصیه می¬گردد در برنامه¬های کشت ذرت و مدیریت شوری در اراضی شور کشور از این نانوذره استفاده گردد.
Considering that the maize yield decreases under salinity, the effect of this stress on single cross 201 maize cultivar was investigated in the present study and the role of chitosan nanoparticles as a moderator was evaluated. For this purpose, the seeds were grown in pots, and at the four-leaf stage, different treatments were applied, i.e. salinity stress at three levels of 0, 0.05, and 0.1 M and 50 nm chitosan nanoparticle spray with concentrations of 0, 0.05, and 0.1 g/liter. The results showed that the simple effect of the studied factors, i.e. salinity, nanoparticles, and plant texture, was significant for all traits. In addition, the interaction of salinity × nanoparticle × texture was highly significant for most traits. Characteristics such as phenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin, DPPH radical scavenging, and nitrogen and zinc content were much higher in maize leaves than in their roots. In most traits, no statistically significant difference was observed between the studied treatments in the root, while in the leaf we saw a significant difference between the averages. The amount of phenol, flavonoid, DPPH radical scavenging, and anthocyanin in maize leaf increased and decreased with chitosan nanoparticle spraying and salinity, respectively. Also, with the increase of salinity, the amount of iron and zinc in maize leaves decreased and the application of chitosan nanoparticle solution improved this process to a great extent. Considering the optimal performance of chitosan nanoparticles and its low environmental risks, it is recommended to use this nanoparticle in maize cultivation and salinity management programs in the country's saline lands.
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