Evaluation of Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Cultivars on Susceptibility to Brown Leaf Spot Fungus, Mamianiella coryli
Subject Areas : Hazelnut
1 - Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Guilan, Rasht, AREEO, PO.BOX: 41635-3394, Iran
Keywords: Corylus avellana, resistant, Hazelnut, Brown leaf spot, Mamianiella coryli,
Abstract :
Brown leaf spot (leaf blight) is a fungal disease caused by Mamianiella coryli, causal agent of early defoliation in summer, and is widely distributed in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) growing regions of Iran. During 2019-2020, 48 native and foreign hazelnut cultivars/ and or genotypes were evaluated for susceptibility against M. coryli under natural infection conditions at Astara Horticultural Research Station (northern Iran). One hundred infected leaves were randomly collected from four geographical directions and middle of canopy of each hazelnut tree. Disease severity index (DSI%) on leaves was calculated based on 1-5 rating system (1= >0 to 20% leaf area affected and 5= >80% of leaf area affected) and levels of reactions were determined based on DSI% (<1%= Highly resistant and >50%= Highly susceptible). None of the hazelnut cultivars had genetic resistance to M. coryli and all of the genotypes were grouped into two categories included susceptible (25.1-50%) and highly susceptible. Seven cultivars and/or genotypes included Souchi, Gerdoii 89, Pashmineh 89, Rimsky, Segorbe, Dedobestani and Pronnes were high susceptible and the rest were in the susceptible categories. It was concluded that sanitation of leaf debris in the fall, pruning for better air circulation or fungicide applications in the spring might be useful in disease outbreak conditions.
Davari M, Asghari B, Bagheri-Kheirabadi M (2008) Occurrence of hazelnut leaf spot caused by Mamianiella coryli in Fandooghloo Forest, Ardebil Province, Namin. Proceedings of the 18th. Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 24-27 Aug. Boo-Ali University, Hamedan, Iran. p. 162.
Ershad J (2009) Fungi of Iran. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Plant Pests and diseases Research Institute. 531 p. [In Persian]
James C (1971) An illustrated series of assessment keys for plant diseases, their preparation and usage. Canadian Plant Disease Survey. 51(2), 39-65.
Mir-Hosseini Moghaddam SA, Taherzadeh M (2007) Isolated fungi from hazelnut, their damage and economic importance in Guilan province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research (Short Article). 5(1), 98.
Mir-Hosseini Moghaddam SA, Hojati A, Tirdad M (2010) Study on the bio ecology of Mamianiella coryli , causal agent of hazelnut leaf spot, in Guilan province, Iran. Iranain Plant Protection Institute, Tehran. Final report. 24 p.
Morgan-Jones JF (1981) Ascocarp development in Mamianiella coryli var. spiralis. Mycologia. 73, 429-439.
Makheti Mutebi C, Atieno Ondede D (2021) Effect of nitrogen nutrition on the intensity of Cercospora leaf spot of Mulberry. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 8(4), 335-42.
Razzaz-Hashemi SR, Zakeri Z (2000) Identification of fungi on hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Alamout region of Qazvin province. Proceeding of the 14th. Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Isfehan University, Isfehan, Iran. pp. 334.
Reddy CVCM, Reddy AVV, Sinha B, Shanta Lakshmi M (2006) Screening of Sunflower Genotypes for Resistance Against Alternaria Blight. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 5, 511-515.
Sujatha M, Vishnuvardhan Reddy A, Sivasankar A (2008) Identification of sources of resistance to Alternaria blight in sunflower. Current Biotica. 2, 249-260.
Taherzadeh MR, Mirhosseini-Moghaddam SA, Ershad J, Zakeei Z, Elahinia SA (1998) The fungi isolated from hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.), damage and economic importance. 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Karaj, Iran. pp. 654.
Yang Q, jiang N, Tian CM (2020) Tree inhabiting genomoniaceous species from China, with Cryphogonomonia gen. nov. proposed. Mycokeys. 69, 71-89.