International Journal Of Agricultural Science, Research And Technology In Extension And Education Systems: 5 (2)

Open Access Article

1 - Socio-Economic Improvement of Women: An Impact Evaluation of Womens' Involvement with Integrated Farming Systems in Bangladesh
Nahid Anjuman Md. Abdul Momen Miah Rufiqunnessa Ali Mohammed Nasir Uddin

Socio-economic improvement of rural people especially women is one of the challenges in Bangladesh. While integrated farming system is the potential area of working opportunity of the women to improve their socio-economic conditions. Considering this issue, this paper w More

Socio-economic improvement of rural people especially women is one of the challenges in Bangladesh. While integrated farming system is the potential area of working opportunity of the women to improve their socio-economic conditions. Considering this issue, this paper was to examine the improvement of socio-economic status of women with increased participation in so-called “Integrated Farming Systems (IFS)”. Using a structured interview methodology, 100 women in the REGION involved with IFS practices were surveyed. Descriptive statistics and student’s t-test were used to analyze and interpret the collected data. A significant improvement of different socio-economic indicators like income, food consumption, housing, source of drinking water, sanitation, family asset, education and access to health facilities’ of women have found due to farming system involvement. This improvement may be significantly influenced to reduce the rural poverty and this finding might be good example for another region. Less extension contact by SAAOs of DAE regarding involvement with integrated farming system was the most severe problem while non-cooperation of family members was the least problem of involvement with integrated farming system. These results may provide policy makers and development service providers with important insight, which can be used for sound policy generations for better women’s socioeconomic improvement. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Assessment of Poverty Alleviation Strategies Used By Rural Farming Households in Ondo State, Nigeria
Felix. Oladipo Abdulrazaq Daudu M. Kuye

Poverty has plagued many rural farming household in Nigeria. Despite several approaches adopted by Government to ameliorate poverty among its citizenry, the number of people living in impoverished condition has continued to rise. This study therefore aimed at assessing More

Poverty has plagued many rural farming household in Nigeria. Despite several approaches adopted by Government to ameliorate poverty among its citizenry, the number of people living in impoverished condition has continued to rise. This study therefore aimed at assessing the poverty alleviation strategies used among farming household in Ondo State, Nigeria. A validated interview schedule and questionnaire were used to elicit information from 140 respondents. Data collected were subjected to both descriptive and inferential analyses. Findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were male (94.3%), married (76.5%) with most of them were educated with mean age of 50 years. Finding revealed that (72.4%) of the respondents had extension contact. It was also revealed that unemployment is king problem facing the respondents in the study area. The findings revealed that embarking on petty business was ranked highest among all coping strategies used by the respondents. The result of the hypothesis tested showed that marital status, farming experience and educational level of the respondents were positive and significant at p< 0.05. The study concluded that financial mismanagement was the major causes of poverty while they engaged in petty business as strategy to ameliorate the poverty among them. It is therefore recommended that the extension agents should be more proactive to encourage the rural farming household to intensify more effort in farming rather than petty businesses as this is most reliable and sustainable business to combat poverty. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Assessing Cost Effective Management Options of Eichhornia crassipes in Ecotourism Ramsar Sites, Nepal
Ram Asheshwar Mandal Pramod Kumar Jha Nir Krakaue Ajay Jha Tarendra Lakhankar

Ecotourism is growing business in Nepal due to domestic and international visitors. Specifically, natural lakes in Ramsar sites are very potential avenues for boating, scenic beauty and study the aquatic ecosystem. However Eichhornia crassipes has been threatening the b More

Ecotourism is growing business in Nepal due to domestic and international visitors. Specifically, natural lakes in Ramsar sites are very potential avenues for boating, scenic beauty and study the aquatic ecosystem. However Eichhornia crassipes has been threatening the beauty, ecosystem and eco-tourism business. This research was objectively carried out to explore income generation from ecotourism and determine socio-economic management of Eichhornia crassipes for manure or biobriquette. Four Ramsar sites namely Beeshazari, Maipokhari, Lakes Clusters of Pokhara and Jagdishpur Lakes were selected for the study. Data were collected through expert consultation organizing four workshops, direct observation and sampling. Meanwhile record of manpower, removal cost and utilization of Eichhornia crassipes were also collected. Affected sites of Eichhornia crassipes were calculated analyzing the current image of Google earth pro using ArcGIS. Samples were collected establishing sixty plots of 1m×1m and these were analyzed. Altogether about US$ 785260 was earned from tourism business between 2011 to 2015. The highest income was generated about US$ 397500 between 2011 to 2015 from visitors of Lakes of Pokhara. Removal cost of Eichhornia crassipes was the highest about US$ 108.09 ha-1 of Beeshazari Lakes in 2015. Farmers could save cost about US$ 31931 using Eichhornia crassipes as manure and that could be nearly US$ 38315 for biobriquette in 2015. The B/C ratio, NPV and Profit Index could be nearly 6.13, 96059.91 and 7175.11 using Eichhornia crassipes of Beeshazari Lakes as manure while 4.81, 105868.50 and 12415.63 using it as biobriquette. The study could contribute design the ecotourism policy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Agrobiodiversity Conservation Techniques Adopted By Rural Farmers in Kware Local Government Area Nigeria
Aliyu Akilu Barau James Abbah Michael

The study examined agrobiodiversity conservation techniques adopted by rural farmers in Kware Local Government Area, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to arrive at 120 farmers from three selected villages. Forty (40) interview schedule were administered in More

The study examined agrobiodiversity conservation techniques adopted by rural farmers in Kware Local Government Area, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to arrive at 120 farmers from three selected villages. Forty (40) interview schedule were administered in each of the sampled villages. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the primary data collected. Results of the findings showed that most of the farmers (25.0%) were in their active age with fairly large family size (6-10 persons). Majority were married (90.8%) with most of them having secondary education (33.3%) or less and earning between N101, 000 - N200, 000 annually. Most of the farmers conserve animals using random mating (30.8%). On the other hand, 43.3 percent conserve plants by practicing collection and preservation of seeds. The major challenge faced by the farmers was insufficient capital (43.3%). Government and NGOs need to educate and provided necessary support to the farmers who practice agrobiodiversity conservation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Factors Affecting Groundnut Market Outlet Choice in Moisture Stress Area of Babile District, Eastern Ethiopia: Multivariate Probit Approach
Jafer Ahmed Abdulaziz Umare Nasir Mahamed Oromia Galane Kebret Desse

The groundnut plant has the ability to survive in areas of low rainfall because it is a legume and it increases soil fertility by fixing nitrogen in the soil. The study area is known by erratic and uneven rainfall while groundnut is the main cash crop in the area. The s More

The groundnut plant has the ability to survive in areas of low rainfall because it is a legume and it increases soil fertility by fixing nitrogen in the soil. The study area is known by erratic and uneven rainfall while groundnut is the main cash crop in the area. The study identified the groundnut market outlets, factor affecting groundnut market outlet choice and identifies farm level women role in groundnut production, in Eastern Hararghe, Oromia Region. Both primary and secondary data were collected for the study. Primary data were collected from 120 sample households using questionnaire during the period of January15-February202016. The study implemented multivariate probit regression model to identify factor affecting groundnut market outlet choice. The results show that there is a significant correlation between marker outlets suggesting that practice of market outlets is interrelated. Multivariate probit regression estimation also revealed that sex of household head, education level, market distance, size of groundnut land, groundnut production experience, store time, access to extension and labor force of household member found to affect significantly the groundnut market outlet choice of household in study area. This also shows that higher educational level of household head increases the awareness of farmer about the benefits of choosing profitable market outlet. Therefore, a way of access to adult education for household head should be designed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Agricultural Extensification and Biodiversity Loss in Ikom Cross River State, Nigeria
Odey Ogah Tsue Peter Terfa Ugorja, Comfort Livinus

The study analyzed agricultural extensification and biodiversity loss in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study used primary data with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire to collect data from one hundred and ten respondents (110) through simple random sampling tec More

The study analyzed agricultural extensification and biodiversity loss in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study used primary data with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire to collect data from one hundred and ten respondents (110) through simple random sampling technique. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistics. The results revealed that animals like hare, wild cat, gorilla, hyena and elephant with mean scores of 2.53, 2.89, 3.40, 3.09 and 3.21 respectively were almost lost. Gorilla was at danger of extinction. Plants like ropes, otasi, hotleaf, bamboo and iroko with mean scores of 1.66, 1,62, 1.64, 1.61 and 2.00 respectively were not completely lost. Analysis of logic regression results revealed that age with coefficient 0.161, slash burn (2.734), awareness of biodiversity (3.392) years before fallow (0.842) were positive and significant at 10% level of probability. The results also revealed that the coefficient of mixed cropping (2.495), trees felling (3.006), herbicides (0.494) were positively significant at 5%. These variables, increases the probability of high extent of biodiversity loss. Farming experience, extension visit and acreage increase have negative coefficients and are significant at 5%, also land conflict (-1.996) was negatively significant at 10% implying that these variables increases the probability of biodiversity loss. The study recommended that government should enact or enforce a law to prevent human activities from engaging in excess deforestation and exploitation of organisms so as limit biodiversity loss, education of the farmers on the implication of biodiversity loss is advocated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Comparative Analysis of Shea-butter Production Techniques Used among Women Processors in Baruten and Ilorin-South Areas, Kwara State, Nigeria
Abdulrazaq Daudu Felix Oladipo Fadekemi Awosusi

The study compared the shea-butter production techniques used among women processors in Baruten and Ilorin-South Local Government Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to elicit information from 120 respondents through a structured inte More

The study compared the shea-butter production techniques used among women processors in Baruten and Ilorin-South Local Government Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to elicit information from 120 respondents through a structured interview schedule with questionnaire. Data were analyzed with both descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean age of the respondents in Baruten and Ilorin-South were 38.4years and 37.9 years respectively. Some 58.0% and 50.3% of the respondents had no formal education in Baruten and Ilorin-South respectively. Findings revealed that about 76.7% and 95.0% of respondents in Baruten and Ilorin-South respectively used traditional method, 16.7% and 5.0% of respondents in Baruten and Ilorin-South respectively used modern method while 6.6% of respondents in Baruten and none in Ilorin-South used both methods. However, both respondents in Baruten (63.3%) and Ilorin-South (66.7%) considered modern method as the best shear butter processing technique that is efficient and reduces drudgery. Also, majority (68.3) of respondents in Baruten LGA earned above N20,000 monthly while 56.7% of respondents in Ilorin-South earned less. Further results revealed that inadequate credit facilities were the major constraint of the processors in Baruten and Ilorin-South. It was concluded that the quantity of Shea butter produce in Baruten was more than their counterparts in Ilorin-South and this may be due to abundant of Shea nuts in Baruten. It is recommended that modern techniques of Shea butter processing should be encouraged and planting of more Shea tree is practiced among the processors and thus increasing Shea butter production. Manuscript profile

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