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List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Theoretical Model Development for Agricultural Extension in Iran’s Resistive Economy
Neda Seyedan Iraj Malek Mohammadi Seyed Jamal Farajollah Hosseini Reza MoghaddasiThis disruption of the economy created many problems for people in these sanctioned countries including Iran. This article is provided to explain Resistive Economics Agricultural Extension Education developed for the Iran by applying Grounded theory process to develop a MoreThis disruption of the economy created many problems for people in these sanctioned countries including Iran. This article is provided to explain Resistive Economics Agricultural Extension Education developed for the Iran by applying Grounded theory process to develop agricultural sector’s planning and solving sanction problems problems. This study aimed to provide a paradigm model of resistive economy in agriculture sector to secure sustainable development of agriculture in the country economic sector. Because of using grounded theory process, we were able to formulate a theory of factors influencing the formation of Agricultural Extension Education modeling in the resistive economics era, in which 21 experts and pundits in the field of agriculture and economics involved, through theoretical sampling method. Data collected by semi-structured interview and coded for data analysis using MAXQDA12 software. A total of 122 codes, 34 categories and 4 main categories, were extracted. The main categories included weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats in the agricultural sector regarding SWOT process in the sanction era to promote Iran’s agricultural sector. The results showed that the most influential economic deterrent in Iran’s agriculture was the high cost of production (impact factor = 62.9), and the most impacting factor leading the agricultural economy was planning the right policies for agricultural macroeconomics (impact factor = 54.3). The most deterrent factor in dealing with the role of government was government intervention in the agricultural resistive economy (impact factor = 52.2) and finally the food security was the next influential factor (impact factor = 37.7) regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Participatory Evaluation and Pre-Extension Demonstration of Improved Finger Millet Varieties with Its Full Package in Selected Districts of Debub Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Dilamo Hando Kassahun Gemayda Kebede SakaraAbstract The study was conducted during 2018/19 production season in four purposively selected kebeles in Debub Omo Zone. The main objective of this study was to evaluate and introduce the improved finger millet technology at farmers’ condition in the areas. A tot MoreAbstract The study was conducted during 2018/19 production season in four purposively selected kebeles in Debub Omo Zone. The main objective of this study was to evaluate and introduce the improved finger millet technology at farmers’ condition in the areas. A total of 20 participant farmers were selected purposively. Individual interview by using likert scale, farmers’ research and extension group discussion and weight measurements tools were used to collect all necessary data. Simple descriptive statistics such mean and percentages were used to analysis quantitative data and three point likert-scale ranking was used to rank farmers’ preferences data. Based on the pre-selected farmers’ evaluation criteria, the field performances evaluation of improved finger millet variety was showed better field performances in drought tolerance, resistance to logging and diseases, spike length and plant height over the local cultivator. The yield performances of the improved variety under both farmers management condition and on FTCs managed by researchers were 6.73% and 18.8% of yield advantage respectively over the local cultivator. Therefore, introducing the improved finger millet technologies at large scale enhances its adoption rate and increase productivity of finger millet in the vicinities and areas with similar agro-ecologies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Women’s Access to Nutritional Programmes in Rural Bangladesh: A Comparative Study between World Vision Beneficiaries and Non-Beneficiaries
Mohammed Uddin Nusrat Liza Mohammed Sarker M Zannatun Mukta Md RanaThe main purpose of the study was to make a comparison between world vision beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries regarding access to nutritional programmes and others. A total of 100 rural women consisting of both beneficiaries (50) and non-beneficiaries women (50) were MoreThe main purpose of the study was to make a comparison between world vision beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries regarding access to nutritional programmes and others. A total of 100 rural women consisting of both beneficiaries (50) and non-beneficiaries women (50) were selected from Lakkhirchar and Meshta unions of Jamalpur sub-district following simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using an interview schedule and analyzed with a combination of descriptive statistics and inferential statistical technique. The findings indicated that beneficiaries of WVB had high level access to nutritional programmes compared to non-beneficiaries. While no significant difference regarding nutritional status between the beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of WVB considering the BMI indicator. Correlation analyses indicated that organizational participation of the beneficiaries and communication exposure and training on nutritional issues of non-beneficiaries showed significant positive relationship with their access to nutritional programmes. But other variables did not show any significant relationship for both cases. The non-beneficiaries women faced more problems compared to beneficiaries’ women. Most of the non-beneficiaries women (62%) faced high level of problems while 90% of the beneficiaries’ women faced low level of problems in receiving nutritional services. Unwillingness of the participants in nutritional programmes and lack of awareness on nutritional services identified as most severe problem for beneficiaries of WVB and non-beneficiaries in receiving nutritional services respectively. Despite having problems the rural women were very much enthusiastic and eager that could help policy makers to take necessary steps to increase the access in different nutritional programmes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Economic Effect of Social Media on Small Scale Poultry Farmers, Evidence from Nigeria
Abraham Falola Ridwan Mukaila Abisola KudaboSocial media has transformed communication and interaction of people globally, thereby impacting businesses positively. Its usage and effects on poultry farming have gained little or no attention. Thus, this study assessed the level, purpose and constraints in usage, in MoreSocial media has transformed communication and interaction of people globally, thereby impacting businesses positively. Its usage and effects on poultry farming have gained little or no attention. Thus, this study assessed the level, purpose and constraints in usage, including the effect of social media on poultry farmers profitability. Data collected from 150 poultry farmers were analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin and multiple regression. The results revealed that 90.7% of the farmers used social media in poultry management frequently. Farmers used social media to sell their products, acquire skills, obtain information on pest and disease control, and input supply. Meanwhile, the farmers faced some challenges such as poor and high cost of internet service, and poor power supply in using social media. The poultry farmers had a gross margin of N101,875.13 ($247.60) with a profitability index of 0.96 and an operating ratio of 0.51. The use of social media increased the profitability of poultry farming business. Farming experience, education, access to credit and cost of feeds and drugs also influenced the profitability of poultry business. Thus, the government has a key role to play in regulating and reducing the internet tariff plan charged by the network providers to enhance the use of ICTs in agriculture which will, in turn, enhanced profitability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Covid-19 Lockdown: Implication on Commodity Food Price and Household Food Security in Kwara State, Nigeria
Oluwaremilekun Adebisi Luke Oloruntoba Adebisi Femi Ibrahim Amos Omofaiye Asuquo JonathanIn the face of the unprecedented threat the world is faced with, caused by covid-19 pandemic which has affected health and disrupted the functioning of food system resulting in inadequate nutrition of many people around the world. The study examined the movement in the MoreIn the face of the unprecedented threat the world is faced with, caused by covid-19 pandemic which has affected health and disrupted the functioning of food system resulting in inadequate nutrition of many people around the world. The study examined the movement in the price of staple food commodities as a result of Covid-19 and its impact on food security of households in Kwara State, Nigeria. Primary data was used for the study and a convenient sampling technique was adopted in the selection of the respondents. A structured questionnaire was used for the purpose of extracting needed information from households selected for the study. The data were analyzed using with Descriptive Statistics, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and Correlation Analysis. The result showed that there was increase in price in all the major staple foods consumed during covid-19. Only 23% of the households were found to be food secure while 51% and 26% of all the households surveyed were found to be moderately and severely food insecure respectively. The effect of the increase in the price of staple commodity food on households food security was statistically significant (r = -0.375, p < 0.000) showing that movement in the prices of staple food has negative effect on food security of people. It is therefore recommended that there should be regulation of commodity food prices as this will enable medium and low income households to buy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Socio-Economic Characteristics Enhancing Farmers’ Use of Mobile Phones to Access Agricultural Information in Tanzania
Siwel NyambaThis paper sought to address the effect of farmers’ socio-economic characteristics on their use of mobile phones to access agricultural information. Largely, literature acknowledges that information is becoming an important ingredient in agriculture. Similarly, li MoreThis paper sought to address the effect of farmers’ socio-economic characteristics on their use of mobile phones to access agricultural information. Largely, literature acknowledges that information is becoming an important ingredient in agriculture. Similarly, literature reports farmers in Tanzania lacking access to agricultural information something which greatly constrains efforts to improve agricultural development. One good thing is that, mobile phone technology which is ubiquitously being subscribed to in Tanzania is believed to have the potential to address information irregularities in various business setups including in agriculture. The question a researcher asking why farmers in Tanzania not fetching the potential mobile phones offers for agricultural development .Through face-to-face approach, 240 individual respondents were interviewed. A regression analysis ruled out variables that significantly influenced farmers’ use of mobile phones to access agricultural information, including their; age, marital status, literacy levels, farming systems, farm size, income levels, sources of agricultural information, awareness, type phone owned whether featured or simple phone, frequent of contact with other sources, skills in using mobile phones to access agricultural information, supports from others, scale of production and distance from market. The study concludes that, the named variables above have an influence on the use of mobile phone to access agricultural information. Therefore, we recommend that, whatever efforts meant to address the need for mobile phone application in agriculture by farmers, one must consider such variables before embarking on other capabilities. Manuscript profile
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