شناسایی پهنه‌های مناسب انتخاب لندفیل با تأکید بر شهرستان‌های ساحلی با استفاده از مدل AHP_Fuzzy (نمونه موردی شهرستان بندر ماهشهر)
محورهای موضوعی : پسماند
آروشا منظمی
1
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فرهاد کاظمی اسفه
2
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سید مسعود منوری
3
1 - دانش آموخته ارشد آلودگی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانش آموخته ارشد عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه علوم محیط زیست و جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: مکان‌یابی, AHP_Fuzzy, دفن پسماند, شهرستان بندر ماهشهر,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: عدم مدیریت پسماند جامد در اکثر شهرهای جهان یک مشکل جدی است که باعث افزایش تولید زباله جامد می‌شود. مدیریت پسماند جامد درشهرستان بندرماهشهر بسیار ضعیف بوده و یکی از مشکلات مزمن شهراست. بنابراین، این شهر به محل دفن زباله مناسب برای مدیریت صحیح پسماندهای جامد و کاهش اثرات آن بر سلامت عمومی و محیط‌زیست نیاز دارد. هدف ازاین مطالعه شناسایی مکان‌های مناسب دفن زباله در شهرستان بندرماهشهر باسیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، تکنیک‌های تجزیه‌وتحلیل و ارزیابی تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره AHP است که ازنظر طبیعی و زیست‌محیطی قابل‌قبول و ازنظر کالبدی هم کمترین اثرات را داشته باشد.
روش بررسی: دراین مطالعه معیارهایی مانند کاربری زمین‌های کشاورزی، رودخانه‌ها، خط ساحل، باتلاق و مرداب‌ها، نوع خاک، درصد شیب، شهرها، روستاها، راه‌های اصلی، راه‌های روستایی، راه‌آهن، فرودگاه، جاذبه‌های گردشگری، مراکز صنعتی و خطوط انتقال انرژی بر اساس مدل AHP استفاده گردید.
یافته ها: براساس مدلAHP، فاصله از شهرها با 276/0، فاصله از خط ساحل با 091/0 و فاصله از راه‌های اصلی با 09/0 دارای بیشترین وزن و میزان ضریب خطای مدل هم برابر 07/0 است. با استفاده از روش فازی محدودیت‌های اعمال‌شده و متغیرها نیز رفع اختلاف مقیاس شده‌اند ومعیارهای مثبت از طریق فازی خطی کاهشی و معیارها منفی با استفاده از فازی خطی افزایشی نرمال‌سازی شده‌اند.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: درنهایت از توابع پنج‌گانه فازی (AND, OR, SUM, GAMA, PRODUCT) برای تعیین پهنه‌های مناسب استفاده شد و تابع Gama0.9 به‌عنوان تابع نهایی انتخاب سایت برگزیده و چهار سایت نهایی برای پسماند انتخاب‌شده‌اند که سه سایت برای شهرهای بندرماهشهر و بندرامام خمینی قابل‌استفاده هستند و یک سایت نیز برای شهرک شهیدچمران قابل‌استفاده است.
Backing and Objective: Mismanagement in solid waste disposal is a critical problem increasing the rate of global solid waste production globally. The solid waste management in Bandar-e Mahshahr, Iran is so poor that caused public health and environmental problems requiring to be addressed. The purpose of this study is to use a geographic information system, analysis techniques, and multi-criteria AHP decision-making evaluation techniques in determining suitable locations for landfill sites in Bandar-e Mahshahr. The selected landfill location must satisfy environmental, engineering, and social criteria.
Material and Methodology: In this paper, geotechnical properties, land utilization type, the location of transportation facilities, natural phenomena, and lifelines, were used in the distance-weighted AHP model.
Finding: Based on AHP model, the weight of the distances from cities, the coastline, and railroads are 0.276, 0.091, and 0.090, respectively, which are the highest weights, with an error coefficient of 0.07. Implementing fuzzy method has resolved the scale difference in applied restrictions and the variables. The positive measures have been normalized through the decreasing linear fuzzy and the negative measures have been normalized using the incremental linear fuzzy.
Discussion and Conclusion: In the end, five fuzzy functions (GAMA, SUM, OR, AND, PRODUCT) were used to determine suitable areas and 0.9 GAMA function was selected as the final function for choosing the suitable site. Four sites were then chosen, three for Bandar-e Mahshahr, and one for the Shahid Chamran residence area.
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