تأثیر عوامل اقلیمی در طراحی ساختمان مسکونی با رویکرد توسعه پایدار. مورد مطالعه: اقلیم معتدل و مرطوب
محورهای موضوعی : کالبدی
علی خیری
1
,
کامران رضائی زاده مهابادی
2
1 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه معماری، واحد شهر قدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - مدرس گروه معماری، واحد شهرقدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: معماری پایدار, معتدل و مرطوب, اقلیم, مصرف انرژی,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه با توسعه و پیشرفت تکنولوژی، با توجه به بحران انرژی و سوختهای فسیلی، آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی و بحران جهانی گرمایش زمین، افزایش جمعیت و نیاز به مصرف انرژی، بشر را در شرایطی قرار داده که باعث گردیده عصر پایدار سازی آغاز شود و معماری همساز با محیط شاهد تغییرات فراوانی در جهت بهبود بخشیدن به این اوضاع گردد. با طراحی معماری متناسب با اقلیم و ایجاد یک الگو، می توان تاثیر زیادی بر کاهش مصرف انرژی و جلوگیری از اتلاف بی رویه انرژی و همچنین به وقوع پیوستن طرح های همساز با محیط و ساختمانهای پایدار داشت. لذا شناخت شرایط اقلیمی در هر منطقه از مهمترین عوامل در ایجاد آسایش و رفاه کاربران ساختمانها در آن منطقه و رسیدن به طراحی پایدار میباشد؛ چرا که معماری و اقلیم، ارتباط و تأثیرات مستقیمی بر یکدیگر و جغرافیای انسانی یک منطقه دارند. در این راستا از طریق مطالعات کتابخانه ای و به روش توسعه ای کاربردی، به تحلیل اقلیمی بر اساس تقسیمات چهار گانه دکتر حسن گنجی و تأثیرگذاری آن در طراحی ساختمان جهت رسیدن به معماری پایدار در اقلیم معتدل و مرطوب پرداخته میشود.
References
Ahmadpour, Ahmad, Ziari, Keramatollah, Hatami Nejad, Hossein, Parsa, Shahram. (2018). Smart City: Explaining the necessities and requirements of Tehran for intelligence. Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 10 (2), 1-22.
Alijani, Behlool. (2005). Climate of Iran, Payame Noor Publications.
Ann R. Beer, Katherine Higgins. (2006). Translated by Bahraini, Seyed Hossein and Karimi Keyvan. Planning for land development. University of Tehran publications.
Ayvazian, Simon. (2011). Utilizing Traditional Architectural Methods in Energy Saving, Fine Arts Journals, 4.
BenShams, Amina, Gandmakar, Amir, Atai, Hooshmand, Saberi, Hamid. (2019). Evaluation of climate-friendly architecture of Qeshm Island by Tarjong-Mahani method in the era of global warming. Geography Quarterly (Regional Planning), 9 (2), 65-81.
Biranvand, Moslem.(2010). Designing a Residential Complex with a Sustainable Approach, M.Sc. Thesis, Azad University of Khorasgan, 22.
Brotchi,J,Gipps,P.andNewton,P.(1995) ” Urban land use ,transport and the information economy : metropolitan imployment,journe to work trends and their implications for transport”, Urban Futures,17.
cos.B grimmond (2010) , Climate and more sustainable cities : climate Information for improved planning and management Of cities ( producers / capabilities perspective)
Diba, Darab and Yaghini, Shahriar.(1993). Analysis and Study of Gilan Indigenous Architecture, Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning, Volume 4, No. 24: 16-6.
Edward Ralph. Translated by Naqsan Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza et al. (2010). Place and placelessness. Armanshahr Publications.
Farajollahi Rad, Amir.(2008). Structural study and analysis of native architecture of Gilan East Plain, Journal of Art and Architecture, spring, No. 121: 8-112.
Farhad, Sharareh, Kashani(2009). Sustainable Architecture, Golestan Symbol Quarterly, 46.
Ghobadian, Vahid.(2005). Traditional Iranian Buildings, Sixth Edition, Tehran Publications, 45, 44, 33.
Ghomsheh, Abolfazl, Rezaei, Ali.(2002) Architecture in Different Climates, the Second Conference on Fuel Consumption Optimization, 5.
Golkar, Kourosh. (2014). creating a sustainable place: Reflections on urban design theory. Second edition. Shahid Beheshti University Press.
JZ Brown, Mark DK.(2007). Climate Design, Climate Design Strategies in Architecture, translated by Saeed Aghaei, 56, 9, 2007.
Karimzadeh, Sara, Lashkari, Hassan, Borna, Reza, Vali Shariat Panahi, Majid.(2020). Analysis and calculation of the most suitable building direction from a climatic perspective using the law of cosines in the city of Saqqez. Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 12 (3), 1-16.
Kasmaei, Morteza.(2008). Climate and Architecture, Fifth Edition, Tehran, Khak Publishing, 77, 65, 13.
Khmer, Gholam Ali. (2014). Principles and foundations of urban geography. Qoms Publishing.
Memarian, Gholam Hossein.(2008). Introduction to Iranian Residential Architecture Extroverted Typology, Tehran, Soroush Danesh Cultural Institute, 2008.
Moshk, Touba.(2003). Building Architecture and Optimal Use of Natural Energy to Provide Cooling and Heating, Tehran, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Fuel Efficiency in Buildings.
Nasirnia, Mohammad Reza. (2014). Planning and urban planning. Innovative Publications.
Nasr, Saha.(2010). Sustainable Architecture and the Necessity of Paying Attention to Sustainable Solutions in Architecture, International Road and Construction Monthly, 94.
Pirmohammadi, Rafiei. (2015). Climate Impact on Building Design and the Way to Achieve Sustainable Design, National Conference on Civil Engineering and Architecture.
Razjouian, Mahmoud.(2008). Comfort in the shelter of the wind, first edition, Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University Publishing Center, 55.
Rezaeizadeh Mahabadi, Kamran and Abbasinejad, Mohammad Hossein.(2017). Feasibility study of designing and creating new cities and determining the criteria for optimal location based on the sustainable development model. Second National Conference on Applied Research in Structural Engineering and Construction Management. Sharif University of Technology.
Rezaeizadeh Mahabadi, Kamran and Azarmehr Mehrnaz.(2018). Investigating the creation of a smart city with an emphasis on environmental protection and biodiversity. Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Planning of the Islamic World. Tabriz.
Rezaeizadeh Mahabadi, Kamran, Mohammadi, Hossein, Sarvar, Rahim.(2020). Feasibility study of creating sustainable and smart cities in Iran. Case study: Southeastern region of Iran. Journal of Geography (Regional Planning), 10 (1-2), 643-658.
Shams, Majid, Khodakarami, Mahnaz.(2010). A Study of Traditional Architecture Adapted to Cold Climate, Geographical Quarterly Environmental Management Quarterly, 4.
Sokhangoo, Shokouhian.(2014). Optimization of energy consumption according to the climatic design of residential buildings, the first national conference on geography, urban planning.
Ziari, Karamatullah.(2009). Principles and methods of regional planning. University of Tehran Press.