بررسی فیتوشیمیایی اسانس سه جمعیت‏ Hymenocrater calycinus (Boiss.) Benth در استان مازندران

محورهای موضوعی : فیتوشیمی

یونس عصری ¹ ( بخش گیاهشناسی، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران )
فرشته ساده حسین آباد قائینی ² ( گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران )
آتوسا وزیری ³ ( گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران )
محمد اکبرزاده ⁴ ( مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع‏ طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران )

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/10/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/11/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1395/12/01

کلید واژه: اسانس, بلده, اوروست, ترکیب‏های شیمیایی, جمعیت‏های گل اروانهHymenocrater calycinus (Boiss.) Benth.  ,

چکیده مقاله :

گیاه Hymenocrater calycinus (Boiss.) Benth. متعلق به تیره نعنا (Lamiaceae) در مناطق شمال، شمال شرق، شرق و مرکز ایران پراکنش دارد و در رویشگاه های صخره ای، جنگل های تُنُک اُرس و درمنه زارها در دامنه ارتفاعی 2500-150 متر از سطح دریا استقرار یافته است. اسانس این گونه دارویی دارای خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی و ضدمیکروبی است. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی و مقایسه عملکرد ترکیب های شیمیایی اسانس جمعیت های این گونه در سه منطقه بلده پایین (1100 متر)، بلده بالا (1950 متر) و اوروست (1350 متر) استان مازندران انجام گرفت. سرشاخه های گلدار گیاه جمع آوری و به روش تقطیر با آب و توسط دستگاه کلونجر اسانس گیری شد. شناسایی ترکیب های اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه های GC و GC/MS انجام گرفت. در مجموع 56 ترکیب در اسانس جمعیت های H. calycinus شناسایی شد. بیشترین ترکیب اسانس این گیاه در رویشگاه بلده بالا (37 ترکیب) شناسایی شد، در حالی که بیشترین بازده اسانس در رویشگاه اوروست (27/1 درصد) مشاهده شد. ترکیب های هگزادکانوئیک اسید، اسپاتولنول و 14،10،6- تری متیل2- پنتادکانونن، ترکیب های غالب اسانس در هر سه رویشگاه بودند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Hymenocrater calycinus (Boiss.) Benth. is belongs to Lamiaceae family as an medicinal plant with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, which has been wild distributed in rocky, Juniperus woodland and Artemisia steppe habitats in North, North East, East and Central of Iran (150-2500 m). In this research to purpose of evaluated of quality and quantity of plant essential oil, the aerial parts of plant in blooming were collected from three wild populations of Hymenocrater calycinus (Boiss.) Benth. (Baladeh paein, 1100 m; Baladeh bala, 1950 m and Orost, 1350 m) in Mazandaran province. Essential oils were obtained by hydro distillation method (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. A total of 56 compounds were identified in the essential oils of all H. calycinus populations. Most components of the plant were identified in the Baladeh bala site (37 compounds), while the highest yields was observed in the Orost site (1.27%). Hexadecanoic acid, spathulenol and 6, 10, 14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone were the main components of essential oils in all three regions.  

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