ارزیابی پساز بهرهبرداری مدارس ابتدایی در تهران با رویکرد انسانمحور؛ تأملیبر کیفیت اجتماعی فضا
محورهای موضوعی : محیطی
مرجان ایلبیگی
1
,
محمد قمیشی
2
*
,
علی اصغرزاده
3
,
نیما امانی
4
1 - گروه معماری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، چالوس، ایران.
2 - گروه معماری، واحد دماوند، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، دماوند ایران.
3 - گروه معماری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، چالوس، ایران.
4 - گروه معماری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، چالوس، ایران.
کلید واژه: انسانمحور, مدارس ابتدایی, شهر تهران, ارزیابی پساز بهرهبرداری, تعاملات اجتماعی.,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش باهدف ارزیابی انسانمحور کیفیت فضایی و اجتماعی مدارس ابتدایی شهر تهران، بهبررسی تجربۀ زیستۀ کاربران نهایی شامل معلمان، مدیران و کارکنان پرداخته است. روش ارزیابی پسازبهرهبرداری (POE)، بهعنوان چارچوب اصلی گردآوری دادهها از 10مدرسه دولتی با فرمهای مختلف معماری بهکار گرفته شد. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامهای ساختاریافته شامل ۳۱شاخص محیطی، عملکردی و اجتماعی بود که ابعادی بهمانند تهویه، نور، آسایش حرارتی، ایمنی، زیباییشناسی و رضایت روانی کاربران و تعاملات اجتماعی را پوشش میداد. تحلیل آماری با بهرهگیری از آزمون ANOVA، همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی (EFA)، صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان دادند فضاهایی بهمثابۀ کلاسهای درس و سالنها بالاترین سطح رضایت را ایجاد کردهاند و شاخصهایی نظیر تهویه، مبلمان و انگیزش روانی بیشترین ارتباط را با رضایت کلی کاربران داشتهاند. همچنین 3عامل پنهان شامل «کیفیت فضایی و اطمینان روانی»، «آسایش حسی و محیطی» و «قابلیت ناوبری فضایی»، در تعامل اجتماعی بهعنوان ابعاد اصلی تجربۀ انسانمحور شناسایی شدند. یافتهها بر اهمیت توجهبه کیفیت اجتماعی فضا در کنار الزامات عملکردی و محیطی تأکید دارند و میتوانند مبنایی برای طراحی و بازطراحی مدارس با رویکرد انسانمحور فراهم سازند.
This study aims to conduct a human-centered assessment of the spatial and social quality of elementary schools in Tehran, focusing on the lived experiences of end-users, including teachers, administrators, and staff. The Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) method was employed as the primary framework for data collection from ten public schools with diverse architectural typologies. The main data collection tool was a structured questionnaire comprising 31 environmental, functional, and social indicators, addressing aspects such as ventilation, lighting, thermal comfort, safety, aesthetics, users’ psychological satisfaction, and social interactions. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The results revealed that classrooms and halls generated the highest satisfaction levels among evaluated spatial zones. Indicators such as ventilation, furniture, and psychological motivation showed the strongest correlations with overall user satisfaction. Moreover, three latent factors were identified as the main dimensions of the human-centered user experience in relation to social interaction: “Spatial Quality and Psychological Assurance,” “Sensory and Environmental Comfort,” and “Spatial Navigability.” The findings highlight the significance of incorporating social quality alongside functional and environmental considerations, offering a foundation for the human-centered design and redesign of school environments.
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