Chemical polymorphism of Thymus atlanticus, an endemic plant of Morocco
Subject Areas : Natural Products: Isolation and CharacterizationBrahim Ouahzizi 1 , Ghizlane Diria 2 , Hamza Elbouny 3 , Nezha Lebkiri 4 , Khalid Sellam 5 , Abdelmonaim Homrani Bakali 6 , Aouatif Benali 7 , Chakib Alem 8
1 - Biochemistry of Natural Resources Team, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University, Errachidia, Morocco
2 - Biotechnology Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Rabat, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
3 - Biochemistry of Natural Resources Team, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University, Errachidia, Morocco
4 - Biotechnology Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Rabat, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
5 - Biology, Environment and Health Team, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University, Errachidia, Morocco
6 - Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Errachidia, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, 10090 Rabat, Morocco
7 - Research Laboratory of Food Technology, National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA), Rabat 10101, Morocco
8 - Biochemistry of Natural Resources Team, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University, Errachidia, Morocco
Keywords: Carvacrol, Chemotype, Hydrodistillation, Oxygenated monoterpenes, Thymol, Thymus atlanticus,
Abstract :
Thymus atlanticus is an aromatic and medicinal plant endemic to Morocco characterized by important morphological polymorphism. The objective of this study is to determine the chemical polymorphism of T.atlanticus collected in different regions of Morocco. The analysis of essential oils (EOs) was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 88 components were identified, among them, eleven compounds are major: o-Cymene, γ-terpinene, thymol methyl ether, geraniol, thymol, p-cymen-7-ol, carvacrol, nerolidol, shyobunol, α-terpinyl acetate, and linalool. We determined eight chemotypes: Thymol (2.0%) and thymol methyl ether (19.0%) chemotype, carvacrol (31.7%) and thymol (22.4%) chemotype, geraniol (33.8%) and carvacrol (23.3%) chemotype. The sites, Oukaimeden, Tizi n'Tichka and Tizi n'Ait Imi characterized by a single majority compound for each; nerolidol (37.0%) at Oukaimeden, carvacrol (28.7%) for Tizi n'Tichka and shyobunol (26.3%) for Tizi n'Ait Imi. However, Saghro EO characterized by several major compounds; γ-terpinene (19.4%), p-cymene-7-ol (16.0%), o-cymene (15.9%), thymol (13.1). On the other hand, Tizi n’Talghemt characterized by several major compounds; linalool (28.2%), α-terpinyl acetate (28.7).
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