تاثیر روان درمانی تحلیل کارکردی و شفقت درمانی بر تحمل پریشانی و دشواری تنظیم هیجان در بیماران قلبی و عروقی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی
فاطمه برونسی
1
(دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی عمومی، گروه روان شناسی، واحد نیشابور، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نیشابور، ایران)
زهرا باقرزاده گل مکانی
2
(استاد یار ،رشته روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نیشابور ،نیشابور ،ایران)
احمد منصوری
3
(استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد نیشابور، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نیشابور، ایران)
احمد زنده دل
4
(گروه ریاضی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،واحد نیشابور،مشهد، ایران)
کلید واژه: روان درمانی تحلیل کارکردی, شفقت درمانی, تحمل پریشانی, دشواری تنظیم هیجان, بیماران قلبی عروقی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر روان درمانی تحلیل کارکردی و شفقت درمانی بر تحمل پریشانی و دشواری تنظیم هیجان بیماران قلبی- عروقی بود. این پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی از نوع پیش آزمون، پس آزمون باگروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه بیماران قلبی- عروقی شهر مشهد در سال 1399 بودند. نمونه پژوهش شامل 45 بیمار قلبی- عروقی مراجعه کننده به کلینیک و درمانگاه ولیعصر بودند که به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شده و سپس به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (هر گروه 15 نفر) و یک گروه کنترل (15 نفر) جایگزین شدند. پس از اجرای پیش آزمون، گروه های آزمایش تحت مداخلات روان درمانی تحلیل کارکردی و شفقت درمانی قرار گرفتند و در پایان از هر دو گروه پس آزمون به عمل آمد، اما گروه کنترل مداخله ای دریافت نکرد. ابزار پژوهش شامل مقیاس تحمل پریشانی Simons و Gaher (2005) و پرسشنامه دشواری در تنظیم هیجان Gratz و Roemer (2004) بود. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS و روش تحلیل کواریانس چندمتغیره تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد بین اثربخشی روان درمانی تحلیل کارکردی و شفقت درمانی بر تحمل پریشانی و دشواری تنظیم هیجان بیماران مبتلا به بیماری قلبی و عروقی تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (05/0>P). شفقت درمانی اثربخشی بیشتری نسبت به روان درمانی تحلیل کارکردی بر تحمل پریشانی و دشواری تنظیم هیجان بیماران مبتلا به بیماری قلبی و عروقی دارد. بر اساس یافته ها می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که شفقت درمانی منجر به افزایش تحمل پریشانی و کاهش دشواری در تنظیم هیجان بیماران قلبی- عروقی می شود.
This study aimed at comparing functional analysis therapy and compassionate therapy on distress tolerance and difficulty in regulating emotion among cardiovascular patients. It was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and a control group. The statistical population included all cardiovascular patients in Mashhad in 2020. The sample consisted of 45 cardiovascular patients referred to Valiasr clinic who were selected by convenience sampling method and then were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 patients in each group) and a control group (15 patients). After the pre-test, the experimental groups underwent functional analysis psychotherapy and compassionate therapy interventions, and at the end, both groups took the post-test, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments included the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) and the Emotion Regulation Difficulty Questionnaire (Roemer and Gratz, 2004). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the effectiveness of functional analysis psychotherapy and compassion therapy on the tolerance of distress and difficulty in regulating emotion in patients with cardiovascular diseases (P<0.05). Compassionate therapy was more effective than the functional analysis psychotherapy on the tolerance of distress and difficulty in regulating emotion in patients with cardiovascular disease. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that compassion therapy led to increased anxiety tolerance and reduced difficulty in regulating the emotion of cardiovascular patients.
Albert, M. A., Durazo, E. M., Slopen, N., Zaslavsky, A. M., Buring, J. E., Silva, T., . . . Williams, D. R. (2017). Cumulative psychological stress and cardiovascular disease risk in middle aged and older women: Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics. American heart journal, 192, 1-12.
Alicke, M. D., & Sedikides, C. (2009). Self-enhancement and self-protection: What they are and what they do. European Review of Social Psychology, 20(1), 1-48.
Allen, A. B., & Leary, M. R. (2010). Self‐Compassion, stress, and coping. Social and personality psychology compass, 4(2), 107-118.
Austin, J., Drossaert, C., Schroevers, M. J., Sanderman, R., Kirby, J., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2021). Compassion-based interventions for people with long-term physical conditions: a mixed methods systematic review. Psychology & health, 36(1), 16-42.
Azizi, A., Mirzaie, A., & Shams, J. (2010). Study of distress tolerance and emotion regulation with student's dependency to cigarette. Hakim Bahar, 13(1), 11-18. [Persian]
Bluth, K., & Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A. (2017). Response to a mindful self-compassion intervention in teens: A within-person association of mindfulness, self-compassion, and emotional well-being outcomes. Journal of Adolescence, 57, 108-118.
Braehler, C., Gumley, A., Harper, J., Wallace, S., Norrie, J., & Gilbert, P. (2013). Exploring change processes in compassion focused therapy in
psychosis: Results of a feasibility randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 52(2), 199-214.
Bratt, A., Gralberg, I.-M., Svensson, I., & Rusner, M. (2020). Gaining the courage to see and accept oneself: Group-based compassion-focussed therapy as experienced by adolescent girls. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 25(4), 909-921.
Danson, R. (2015). The effect of self-compassion on the resilience and emotion regulation of marital woman. Journal of Personality assessment, 63(2), 262-274.
Diedrich, A., Grant, M., Hofmann, S. G., Hiller, W., & Berking, M. (2014). Self-compassion as an emotion regulation strategy in major depressive disorder. Behaviour research and therapy, 58, 43-51.
Elaine, B., & Hollins, M. (2016). Exploration of a training programme for student therapists that employs Compassionate Mind Training (CMT) to develop compassion for self and others. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 22, 5-13.
Feyzi, A. (2012). Functional analytic psychotherapy: distinctive features (Vol. 1). Tehran: Ibn Sina. [Persian]
García, R. F. (2008). Recent studies in functional analytic psychotherapy. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 4(2), 239.
Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V. (2006). Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire–development of a short 18-item version (CERQ-short). Personality and Individual Differences, 41(6), 1045-1053.
Gilbert, P. (2005). Compassion: Conceptualisations, research and use in psychotherapy: Routledge.
Gilbert, P. (2009). Introducing compassion-focused therapy. Advances in psychiatric treatment, 15(3), 199.
Gilbert, P. (2014). The origins and nature of compassion focused therapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53(1), 6-41.
Gilbert, P., & Procter, S. (2006). Compassionate mind training for people with high shame and self‐criticism: Overview and pilot study of a group therapy approach. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory & Practice, 13(6), 353-379.
Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment, 26(1), 41-54.
Gross, J. J. (2013). Emotion regulation: taking stock and moving forward. Emotion, 13(3), 359.
Heriot‐Maitland, C., Vidal, J. B., Ball, S., & Irons, C. (2014). A compassionate‐focused therapy group approach for acute inpatients: Feasibility, initial pilot outcome data, and recommendations. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53(1), 78-94.
Imrie, S., & Troop, N. A. (2012). A pilot study on the effects and feasibility of compassion-focused expressive writing in Day Hospice patients. Palliative & Supportive Care, 10(2), 115-122.
Irons, C., & Lad, S. (2017). Using compassion focused therapy to work with shame and self-criticism in complex trauma. Australian Clinical Psychologist, 3(1), 1743.
Kanter, J. W., Weeks, C. E., Bonow, J. T., Landes, S. J., Callaghan, G. M., & Follette, W. C. (2009). Assessment and case conceptualization A Guide to Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (pp. 1-23): Springer.
Kim, H., & Page, T. (2013). Emotional bonds with parents, emotion regulation, and school-related behavior problems among elementary school truants. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22(6), 869-878.
Kirby, J. N., Day, J., & Sagar, V. (2019). The ‘Flow’of compassion: A meta-analysis of the fears of compassion scales and psychological functioning. Clinical Psychology Review, 70, 26-39.
Kohlenberg, R. J., & Tsai, M. (2012). Functional analytic psychotherapy: Creating intense and curative therapeutic relationships: Springer Science & Business Media.
Kohlenberg, R. J., Tsai, M., García, R. F., Aguayo, L. V., Parra, A. F., & Virués-Ortega, J. (2005). Psicoterapia Analítico-Funcional y Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso: teoría, aplicaciones y continuidad con el análisis del comportamiento. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 5(2), 349-371.
Kohlenberg, R. J., Tsai, M., & Kanter, J. W. (2009). What is functional analytic psychotherapy? A Guide to Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (pp. 1-19): Springer.
Lincoln, T. M., Hohenhaus, F., & Hartmann, M. (2013). Can paranoid thoughts be reduced by targeting negative emotions and self-esteem? An experimental investigation of a brief compassion-focused intervention. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 37(2), 390-402.
Lucre, K. M., & Corten, N. (2013). An exploration of group compassion‐focused therapy for personality disorder. Psychology and Psychotherapy: theory, research and Practice, 86(4), 387-400.
Mansouri, A., Nejat, H., & Mansouri, N. (2017). The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties in the Relationship between the Brain Behavioral Systems and the Severity of Insomnia. J Res Behav Sci, 15(4), 501-507. [Persian]
Neff, K. (2003). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and identity, 2(2), 85-101.
Neff, K. D. (2016). The self-compassion scale is a valid and theoretically coherent measure of self-compassion. Mindfulness, 7(1), 264-274.
Neff, K. D., & Germer, C. K. (2013). A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self‐compassion program. Journal of clinical psychology, 69(1), 28-44.
Pollock, N. C., McCabe, G. A., Southard, A. C., & Zeigler-Hill, V. (2016). Pathological personality traits and emotion regulation difficulties. Personality and Individual Differences, 95, 168-177.
Ramanathan, N., Tan, E., Loh, L. J., Soh, B. S., & Yap, W. N. (2018). Tocotrienol is a cardioprotective agent against ageing-associated cardiovascular disease and its associated morbidities. Nutrition & metabolism, 15(1), 6.
Simons, J. S., & Gaher, R. M. (2005). The Distress Tolerance Scale: Development and validation of a self-report measure. Motivation and emotion, 29(2), 83-102.
Stansfeld, S. A., Fuhrer, R., Shipley, M. J., & Marmot, M. G. (2002). Psychological distress as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in the Whitehall II Study. International journal of epidemiology, 31(1), 248-255.
Taylor, C. B. (2010). Depression, heart rate related variables and cardiovascular disease. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 78(1), 80-88.
Tull, M. T., Gratz, K. L., Latzman, R. D., Kimbrel, N. A., & Lejuez, C. (2010). Reinforcement sensitivity theory and emotion regulation difficulties: A multimodal investigation. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(8), 989-994.
Valero Aguayo, L., Ferro GarcÃa, R., Kohlenberg, R. T., & Tsai, M. (2011). Therapeutic change processes in functional analytic psychotherapy. Clinical and Health, 22(3), 209-221.
Wang, X., Chen, Z., Poon, K.-T., Teng, F., & Jin, S. (2017). Self-compassion decreases acceptance of own immoral behaviors. Personality and Individual Differences, 106, 329-33.