International Journal of Political Science: 2 (2)

Open Access Article

1 - China’s Maritime Interest and the Great Game at Seas
Peu Ghosh

Linking China’s interest in the maritime waters arises from the geo-strategic importance of Sea Lines of Communications (SLOCs) vital to the oil supply of the country. China is building strategic relationships and developing a naval capability to establish a forwa More

Linking China’s interest in the maritime waters arises from the geo-strategic importance of Sea Lines of Communications (SLOCs) vital to the oil supply of the country. China is building strategic relationships and developing a naval capability to establish a forward presence along the SLOCs that connect China to the Middle East and to Africa. The entire stretch includes South China Sea, Indian Ocean region and stretches as far as the Persian Gulf on the one hand and Port of Sudan on the other.The net result is a geographical distribution of bases like the Chinese ‘pearls’, USA ‘diamonds’ and Indian ‘nuggets’, principally reflecting concerns over energy security and secure access to SLOCs by each of the players. This paper would highlight the great game along the maritime domain of China while highlighting the clash of interests with major players in this area as well as Chinese engagements with multitude of players to counter the challenges arising from competitors. How energy requirement and quest for market imbibe China to design maritime strategies will be an important focus of this paper. It is also necessary to make an in-depth study of Chinese maritime strategy as it is going to have a grave impact on world politics. The paper will try to make future projections of the ‘Great Game’ in the maritime stretch of importance to China. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - China's Development (The Role of the China’s Government in the Development Process)
Ahmadreza Bordbar Mostafa Ehsani

The role and the place of the People's Republic of China among developing countries that become industrialized are absolutely especial. Today, this country reaches the level of ability that has the power of competition with the world's largest economies such as the U.S. More

The role and the place of the People's Republic of China among developing countries that become industrialized are absolutely especial. Today, this country reaches the level of ability that has the power of competition with the world's largest economies such as the U.S. The secret of this achievement should be examined in the unity of decision and absolute support of government in doing economic reforms and changing the play from a communist economy to a free economy. This research is going to search the role and the place of the government in development of China. The main question of this article is what is the role of the China’s government in development process? To answer this question, the main hypothesis is that, the government with doing economic reforms, using provisions, controlling doing them and favorability with global economy helps the achievement of the development process. The results of this research are collecting with documentary method and analysis of data has done with qualitative analytic method by using the historic concrete effects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Relationship between the Concepts of Agency-Structure in the Thought of Beheshti
Garineh Keshishyan Siraki Mohammad Hosein Ghandi

In the present paper, we have been trying mainly to define the concepts of agency-structure, so that by understanding the concepts of agency-structure, we sought to discover these concepts in the mindset of Beheshti. The concepts of agency-structure are among the fundam More

In the present paper, we have been trying mainly to define the concepts of agency-structure, so that by understanding the concepts of agency-structure, we sought to discover these concepts in the mindset of Beheshti. The concepts of agency-structure are among the fundamental and vital concepts associated with how governments are recognized. By identifying the extent of the powers, the rights and the function of each of these two concepts and the degree to which they can benefit in a society, one can understand the division of power and the areas of decision-making in a society and government. The main focus of this paper is the recognition and discovery of these two concepts in the thought of Mohammad Hosseini Beheshti, one of the thinkers of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The authors try to explain the connection in the core of the political system, which is referred to as "the system of the Ummah and Imamate" in the mind of Beheshti, by various reasons. From the perspective of Beheshti, in this system of community management, one must stand with each other from the Ummah and Imams. The results of this study represent the principle of interrelatedness between the two concepts, which by acting and responding, try to maintain the dynamism of the system. This descriptive-analytic study will examine the ideas of Mohammad Hosseini Beheshti. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Ratio of Political Goodness and Negative Freedom in Berlin's Political Thought (With Emphasis on Russian Communism)
Mahin Niroomand Hassan Abniki

The present article aims to examine Isaiah Berlin's views and ideas, and gives answers to the questions of how political goodness is linked to the concept of negative liberty in Berlin's thought, and how his view of political goodness has formed his critique looking tow More

The present article aims to examine Isaiah Berlin's views and ideas, and gives answers to the questions of how political goodness is linked to the concept of negative liberty in Berlin's thought, and how his view of political goodness has formed his critique looking toward the political system of the Soviet Union. Political goodness in Berlin's thought seems to be multiplied, and from the pluralist perspective links to the notion of negative freedom, which means the choice among values by the humans. Berlin believes that political goodness belongs to certain cultural and social contexts and criticize it for the fact that the Russian Communism has a monistic view of political truths in society. In other words (Namely), it can be said that negative liberty as a restriction of decision-making and human selection, is the most important and central element of the political goodness, and without it, other goodness cannot be raised considerably. According to Isaiah Berlin's pluralistic view, we find that the ruling party in the Soviet political system, based on Marxist ideology, is a monotonous and monistic party that did not allow growth and presence of other political ideas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Sociological Analysis of the Role of Symbols in Strengthening and Sustaining the Flow of Marxism in Iran during the Pahlavi Era
Mahbubeh Paknia Tohid Rastin

The flow of Marxism was one of the most powerful social-political currents of the Pahlavi opposition which, despite the progress of political upheavals and internal splits, reached the threshold of the Islamic Revolution. One of the main reasons for the success of this More

The flow of Marxism was one of the most powerful social-political currents of the Pahlavi opposition which, despite the progress of political upheavals and internal splits, reached the threshold of the Islamic Revolution. One of the main reasons for the success of this flow, compared to other rival currents, was the presence of numerous symbols in the context of this adventure. The symbols of this paradigm are one of the most important means of communicating, linguistic, and writing the flow of Marxism, whose role is to evoke the actions of actors who are dependent on this trend. Symbolic concepts attributable to this work such as; Worker, Rose, Red Army, Hammer and Sickle, Revolution, Comrade, etc., like the symbolic, facilitate the communication between actors and the left-leaning process and create the mobility, motivation, and empathy of the protesters Against the Pahlavi monarchy system. During this process, the symbols also perform a special function. They are a factor in the strengthening and coherence of the left flow. The symbols create the adherence and attachment of individuals to the flow of mobility, consistency, and survival. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Expansion Factors of Extremism on the Continent of Africa and its Containment Strategies
Yasser Kanani Bandkohan Gholamhossein Bolandian

In various parts of the world, the continent of Africa is struggling with the phenomenon of terrorism and extremism more than other regions. This continent, for various reasons, including the various weaknesses of software and hardware, including economic backwardness, More

In various parts of the world, the continent of Africa is struggling with the phenomenon of terrorism and extremism more than other regions. This continent, for various reasons, including the various weaknesses of software and hardware, including economic backwardness, political instabilities, social inequalities, and foreign interventions that find their interests only in insecurity and instability, it has now become a safe haven for extremists and violent groups. This is while fighting the phenomenon of extremism and terrorism, It is also only through the hardware and military practices that the Western powers use as a strategy to repatriate terrorism in the area. Not only has it not led to the eradication of terrorism at this point in the world, but also the result of the photo. The emergence of Al-Shabaab, Boko Haram, Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, ISIL, Ansar al-Sharia, Ansar Bayt al-Qaeda and so on has led to an increase in the use of force by terrorist groups in African countries. However, the identification, containment, and counteraction to this extremism are currently on the agenda of the security, military, and political system of these countries. Western, American and Arab versions have not been able to control this surge and thus, identification of coherent and native strategies for controlling extremism and violence in a modest perspective can be realized. Manuscript profile

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