نقش نانوذرات نقره و هیومیک اسید بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی ذرت در شرایط کم آبیاری

محورهای موضوعی : افزایش عملکرد

مصطفی صادقی کوچصفهانی ¹ , مرتضی سام دلیری ^{2 *} , علی افتخاری ³ , توفیق احمدی ⁴ , سید امیرعباس موسوی میرکلائی ⁵

1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد چالوس. چالوس، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران.
4 - استادیارگروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران.
5 - استادیار گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1404/04/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1404/06/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1404/06/30

کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, پروتئین, شاخص برداشت, عملکرد دانه,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف: استفاده از هیومیک اسید و نانوذرات نقره به‌عنوان راهکارهایی زیست‌سازگار در مدیریت تنش خشکی، نقش مؤثری در بهبود عملکرد ذرت دارد.

مواد و روش ‏ها: به‌منظور بررسی اثرات هیومیک اسید و نانوذرات نقره، آزمایشی طی سال‌ها‌ی زراعی 1398-1399 و 1399-1400 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد چالوس بصورت کرت‌ها‌ی دوبار خردشده در قالب طرح بلوك‌ها‌ی كامل تصادفی در سه تكرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی در کرت اصلی شامل آبیاری در سه سطح (100 درصد نیاز آبی به عنوان شاهد، 80 ، 60 درصد نیاز آبی) و کرت فرعی شامل محلول¬پاشی نانو ذره نقره در چهار سطح (شاهد بدون مصرف ، 60، 80 و 100 میکرولیتر بر لیتر) و کرت فرعی فرعی شامل هیومیک اسید در سه سطح (شاهد، 500 و 1000 گرم در هکتار) قرار گرفت.

یافته‏ ها: نتایج نشان داد بیشترین عملکرد دانه در 100 درصد نیاز آبی با مصرف 60 میکرولیتر نانو نقره و 500 گرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک در سال اول به میزان 10582 کیلوگرم در هکتار حاصل شد. بیشترین شاخص برداشت نیتروژن در 100 درصد نیاز آبی با مصرف 100 میکرولیتر نانو نقره و 500 گرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک در سال اول به میزان 45/1 درصد حاصل شد و کمترین شاخص برداشت نیتروژن تحت تیمار 80 درصد نیاز آبی و مصرف 100 میکرولیتر نانو نقره و 1000 گرم در هکتار هیومیک اسید در سال اول به میزان 09/1 درصد حاصل شد

نتیجه‏ گیری: یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که مصرف هم‌زمان اسید هیومیک و نانوذرات نقره می‌تواند نقش مؤثری در بهبود عملکرد و کیفیت ذرت تحت شرایط کم‌آبیاری ایفا کند. به‌طور خاص، کاربرد ۵۰۰ گرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک همراه با ۶۰ میکرولیتر در لیتر نانوذرات نقره در شرایط آبیاری کامل، بیشترین عملکرد دانه را ایجاد کرد و نشان داد که این ترکیب از نظر عملی می‌تواند به‌عنوان بهترین راهکار مدیریتی معرفی شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Objective: The use of humic acid and silver nanoparticles as eco-friendly strategies for managing drought stress plays a significant role in improving corn yield.

Material and methods: To investigate the effects of humic acid and silver nanoparticles, an experiment was conducted 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 growing seasons at the research farm of Islamic Azad University, Chalus Branch. A split-split plot arrangement based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. The main plot included three irrigation regimes (100%, 80%, and 60% of crop water requirement), the sub-plot included four levels of silver nanoparticles (0, 60, 80, and 100 µL/L), and the sub-sub-plot included three levels of humic acid (0, 500, and 1000 g/ha).

Results: Results showed that the highest grain yield (10582 kg/ha) was recorded under full irrigation with 60 µL/L silver nanoparticles and 500 g/ha humic acid. A slightly lower yield (10,506 kg/ha) was obtained under 80% irrigation with the same level of nanoparticles and 1000 g/ha humic acid. The highest nitrogen harvest index (1.45%) occurred under full irrigation with 100 µL/L silver nanoparticles and 500 g/ha humic acid, whereas the lowest (1.09%) was under 80% irrigation with 100 µL/L nanoparticles and 1000 g/ha humic acid.

Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that the simultaneous application of humic acid and silver nanoparticles can effectively enhance the yield and quality of corn under drought conditions. In particular, applying 500 g/ha of humic acid together with 60 µL/L of silver nanoparticles under full irrigation resulted in the highest grain yield, indicating that this combination can be introduced as the most practical management strategy.

Keywords: Drought stress, Protein, Harvest index, Grain yield

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