اثر الگوی کاشت و منابع تامین نیتروژن بر خصوصیات زراعی و عملکرد ذرت704

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

فهيمه ميرزايي ¹ (دانش آموخته كارشناسي ارشد زراعت ، واحد خوي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خوي، ايران.)
ساسان رضادوست ² (استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوی)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/11/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/02/14 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/03/16

کلید واژه: الگوی کاشت, کود زیستی, شاخص برداشت, عملکرد ذرت,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی اثر آرایش کاشت و منابع تامین نیتروژن بر ویژگی‌های زراعی، عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد گیاه ذرت آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار طی سال 1395 در شهرستان پلدشت انجام شد. عامل اول آرایش کاشت در سه سطح شامل (31*45، 25*55 و 22*65) و عامل دوم نوع کود نيتروژنه در چهار سطح شامل (شاهد، نیتروکسین، سوپر نیتروپلاس و اوره) بود. اثر این عوامل بر صفات زراعی، اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج بیانگر اثر معنی دار الگوی کشت و سطوح نیتروژن بر صفات زراعی بود. به طوری که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، از الگوی کشت 25*55 به دست آمد و کمترین میزان صفات مورد بررسی از الگوی کشت 22*65 بدست آمدند. اثر متقابل نیتروکسین با الگوی کشت 22*55 بیشترین طول بوته و قطر ساقه را داشت. همچنین نتایج حاصل از مقایسه میانگین اثرات الگوی کشت و کاربرد کود بر اجزای عملکرد نشان داد بیشترین وزن بلال (17/0 کیلوگرم)، مساحت برگ بلال (6/391 سانتی مترمربع)، تعداد بلال (3/1)‌‍، تعداد دانه در بلال (7/462 و عملکرد دانه 9329 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مربوط به الگوی کشت 25*55 بود. نتایج حاصل از مقایسه میانگین اثرات متقابل فاکتورهای آزمایشی نشان داد که بیشترین شاخص برداشت (8/41 درصد) در شرایط الگوی کشت 25*55 توأم با مصرف نیتروکسین به دست آمد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To study the impact of cropping pattern on the sources of nitrogen supply on cultivating traits and the maize yield and its components, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications in 1395 in Poldasht. The first factor was the cropping pattern in three levels (65*22 , 55*25 , and 45*31). Second factor was nitrogen fertilizer in four levels (control , nitroxin , super nitroplus and urea ). The impact of these factors were studied on cropping traits, the functional elements, seed yield and the harvest index. The results indicated the significant effect of cropping pattern and nitrogen levels on the farming traits. The highest shrub height was attained from cropping pattern of 55*25 and the last one from the cropping pattern of 65*22. The interactive impact of nitroxin with cropping pattern of 55*22 had the most plant length and the diameter of the stalk. The attained results from the comparison of the effects of cropping pattern and the application of fertilizer on the element treatments showed that the highest ear weight (0.17kg), the area of corn leaf (391.6 cm), the number of ears (1.3), the number of seed in the ear (462.7) and the seed function (9329kg per hectare) was related to the cropping pattern of 55*25. The results of the comparison of interactive effects on the experimental factors showed that the highest treatment index (% 41.8) in the cropping pattern 55*25 condition was attained by application of nitroxin fertilizer.

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